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Author  and 


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forces,  the  heavy  engagement  is  yet  to  come. 


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Let  Justice  Prevail 


The  Labor  Problem 


BY 


HERBERT  V.    READY 

Author  and  Publisher 

[Copyrighted  by  Herbert  V.  Ready,  1904] 


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Cartoon  1 — Son  of  honest  but  poor  mechanic  going  to  school. 


Cartoon  2 — Same  boy  at  home. 


UNiV- 


INTRODUCTORY 


The  approaching  crisis  in  the  industrial  life  of  San  Francisco  renders  the 
publication  of  this  little  brochure  opportune.  The  phenomenal  growth  of 
unionism,  so-called;  and  the  control  of  the  union  power  by  the  worst  ' ele- 
ments composing  it,  has  created  a  condition  of  affairs  intolerable  to  the  peace- 
loving  citizen,  whether  he  be  an  humble  toiler,  seeking  the  privilege  of  earning 
his  living  according  to  the  dictates  of  his  conscience,  or  the  multi-millionaire 
seeking  investment  for  his  capital.  The  great  majority  of  the  citizens  of  San 
Francisco  are  long  suffering  and  patient,  but  the  last  straw  that  breaks  the  camel's 
back  has  been  added,  and  on  all  sides,  on  every  quarter,  irrespective  of  creed 
or  nationality,  comes  the  protest  of  outraged  men  against  the  exactions  of  a 
clique  of  ignorant,  insolent  agitators. 

The  old  Eoman  saying,  "Whom  the  Gods  wish  to  destroy  they  first  make 
mad,"  seems  to  be  peculiarly  applicable  to  the  leaders  of  the  union  mob.  The 
Pin-Head  McCarthy's,  the  cheap  imitation  of  Sam  Parks,  who  abound  in  this  city 
are  so  swollen  with  their  sense  of  power  that  they  fail  to  discern  the  signs  of 
the  times,  and  even  the  remarkable  change  of  public  opinion  towards  them  and 
their  hirelings  fails  to  ruffle  their  insolent  demeanor. 

Time  was,  when  unionism,  even  of  the  type  that  prevails  in  San  Francisco 
was  accepted  with  a  sort  of  good  natured  toleration  by  the  people  of  this  city, 
but  that  time  is  past  forever.  Coming  events  cast  their  shadows  before,  and 
blind  indeed  is  he  who  cannot  see  the  complete  disruption  of  it  in  the  imme- 
diate future. 

In  respect  to  the  education  of  public  opinion  to  this  desirable  end,  the  firm 
of  Murray  &  Eeady  can  claim  having  taken  a  prominent  part.  Their  facilities 
for  getting  to  the  bottom  of  this  question,  and  observing  the  evils  produced 
by  its  operation,  gives  their  testimony  a  value  of  its  own.  The  long  list  of 
unjustifiable  strikes  in  San  Francisco,  will,  unless  all  signs  fail,  be  climaxed  by 
a  walk-out  of  the  carmen's  union.  Drunk  with  the  sense  of  power  generated 
by  winning  an  easy  victory  over  the  United  Eailroads  two  years  ago,  they  pro- 
pose to  hold  up  the  long  suffering  people  of  this  city  again.  In  the  face  of 
a  coming  industrial  depression,  that  is  evident  to  even  the  tyro  in  business  affairs, 
they  ask  for  another  raise  of  wages,  with  its  accompanying  corollaries,  recog- 
nition of  the  union,  and  absolute  debarment  from  employment  of  all  non-union 
men.  Can  bulldozing  ignorance  go  further  than  this?  Is  it  possible  that  these 
men  realize  the  absurdity  of  their  demands? 

At  the  present  moment  there  are  a  large  number  of  men,  Americans,  the 
equal  of  any  union  man  who  ever  breathed,  walking  the  streets  of  this  city 
seeking  employment.  No  union  badge  proclaims  their  slavery  to  an  agitator. 
They  are  free  men,  and  yet  conditions  have  been  such,  through  the  operations 
of  the  union  clique,  that  they  cannot  obtain  employment.  This  condition  of  af- 
fairs will  shortly  pass  away  and  the  rights  guaranteed  to  them  by  the  Con- 
stitution of  the  United  States  will  be  restored  to  them.  These  men,  non-union, 
constitute  the  vast  majority  of  the  working  population  of  this  country,  and  from 
their  ranks  any  places  vacated  by  the  Carmen's  Union  can  easily  be  filled;  pro- 
vided, that  the  protection  to  which  they  are  entitled  is  extended  to  them  by 
the  municipal  and  State  authorities. 

The  Carmen's  Union  is  a  body  of  2,300  men  who  are  receiving  the  highest 
wages  ever  paid  for  labor  of  their  kind  in  the  United  States,  and  therefore 
the  world.  Not  satisfied  with  this,  they  have  "requested"  another  raise,  which 
the  Company  has  definitely  refused.  The  Amalgamated  Association  of  Bail- 
way  Employees,  of  which  they  are  members,  has  probably  $1,500,000  in  their 
treasury,  which  will  be  at  their  disposal  in  the  event  of  a  strike,  presuming  that 
there  are  no  other  labor  disturbances  in  the  country.  This  sum,  large  as  it  is, 
will  disappear  like  dew  before  the  morning  sun  under  the  demands  of  2,300  men, 
many  with  families,  and  particularly  under  the  grafting  propensities  of  Cornelius, 
Goldkuhl,  and  the  lesser  satellites,  who  fatten  on  the  labor  of  other  and 
better  men. 

5 

162886 


Cartoon  3 — Boy  with  parents  attends  church  and  listens  attentively 
to  sermon  from  text.     "Why  Stand  ye  here  Idle,"  etc. 


Cartoon  4 — Boy  graduating  ai  scnuoi,   eceivmg  uipiouua  i rum  hands  of 
principal,  with  acclamation  of  father,  mother  and  friends. 


These  vultures,  these  parasites  who  never  work,  well  know  their  deluded 
followers  cannot  win.  The  low  cunning  which  enables  them  to  do  the  walking 
delegate  graft,  also  tells  them  they  are  up  against  the  real  thing  this  time. 
What  of  that?  Is  there  not  an  overflowing  treasury  to  be  explored!  Visions 
of  the  yellow  gold  in  that  treasury,  and  of  the  good  times  coming,  when  that 
gold  sticks  to  their  palms,  obscure  everything  else. 

Meanwhile  their  2,300  followers  will  be  doled  out  a  miserable  pittance  and 
will  waik  the  streets,  seeing  their  places  filled  by  wiser  men.  The  alarming 
absence  of  American  or  Anglo-Saxon  names  in  the  ranks  of  these  demagogues 
is  another  peculiar  feature.  Cornelius,  Goldkuhl,  Tveitmoe,  Goptchevich,  etc., 
are  names  which  sound  somewhat  foreign  to  the  American  ear.  They  seem 
to  be  in  suspicious  resemblance  to  Czolgosz,  the  assassin,  and  Ivancovitch,  the 
Russian  convict  who  pursued  a  murderous  career  here  a  few  years  ago.  Time 
will  show  whether  the  resemblance  is  anything  more  than  name.  San  Quentin 
is  in  welcome  proximity  in  case  the  similarity  becomes  too  pronounced.  The 
Eailroad  Company  will  undoubtedly  operate  its  cars  without  the  assistance 
of  the  Carmen's  Union,  and  when  they  do,  the  death  knell  of  these  foreign 
scrubs  is  sounded.  A  terrible  fate  then  awaits  them.  They  will  have  to  either 
go  TO  WOEK,  or  follow  their  grafting  schemes  and  land  where  many  of  their 
breed  are  already,  viz.,  the  State  Prison. 

Perhaps  when  the  shipwreck  of  their  schemes  confront  them,  they  may  fall 
back  on  the  "sympathetic"  strike.  It  is  a  possibility  not  realized  by  the  people 
of  this  city  to-day,  that  the  near  future  may  see  an  attempt  to  tie  up  all  busi- 
ness here.  The  restaurants,  the  bakeries,  the  manufactories,  the  laundries,  in  fact, 
every  line  of  the  great  industrial  life  of  this  city,  including  even  the  papers,  may 
be  involved.  Some  of  these  papers  have  been  engaged  in  actively  aiding  and 
abetting  these  labor  fakirs,  have  given  unlimited  space  to  their  nefarious  hold-up, 
and  lauded  them  to  the  skies  as  industrial  patriots.  Even  in  this  extreme 
situation  is  it  possible  for  these  fools  to  succeed?  No,  a  thousands  times  no! 

The  American  public  is  hard  to  rouse  into  action;  is  forbearing  to  a 
degree  unknown  in  other  countries,  and  on  this  forbearance  these  scrubs  have 
imposed  till  they  cannot  realize  the  intensity  of  the  feeling  against  them  or 
hear  the  rumblings  of  the  coming  storm  which  will  sweep  them  out  of  existence. 

Happily  in  Governor  Pardee  the  commonwealth  has  an  official  who  is  Ameri- 
can to  the  core,  and  endowed  with  the  backbone  and  moral  firmness  so  essential 
to  an  official  in  that  position.  It  cannot  be  doubted  that  in  the  event  of  violence 
the  National  Guard  will  be  ordered  out,  and  the  might  of  the  law  upheld. 

As  for  Mayor  Schmitz,  elected  to  his  office  by  the  union  vote,  his  action 
cannot  be  forecast,  but  if  he  wishes  to  avoid  political  death  he  will  see  that 
order  is  maintained,  and  that  the  right  of  every  man  to  work  as  he  sees  fit,  for 
whom  he  sees  fit,  and  for  what  he  sees  fit,  unmolested  by  thugs  and  murderers, 
i~  guaranteed  him. 

In  this  great  metropolis  of  450,000  people  there  are  23,000  union  men,  15,000 
of  whom  are  voters;  this  insignificant  minority  has  actually  dictated  to  the 
overwhelming  majority  for  years  past,  but  a  new  power  has  arisen  in  the  local 
world  that  promises  to  speedily  overthrow  the  baleful  influence  of  unionism.  The 
Citizens'  Alliance  is  the  name  of  this  new  power.  Its  voting  membership  already 
exceeds  that  of  the  labor  unions  and  its  growth  is  just  begun.  National  in  its 
scope,  impartial  in  its  dealings,  and  law-abiding  in  its  principles,  it  is  the  com- 
plete antithesis  of  the  labor  union,  although  it  recognizes  the  principle  that  in 
union  there  is  strength.  It  is  composed  of  the  leading  business  men  of  the  city, 
the  small  dealers,  the  retailers,  the  large  and  small  contractors  in  the  different  lines, 
and  the  unbought  working  man;  in  fact,  all  who  wish  to  see  the  principles  for 
which  the  word  American  stands,  prevail.  Already  in  many  Eastern  cities 
it  has  overthrown  the  walking  delegate,  the  hired  strike-maker,  the  bribe-taker. 
In  these  cities  the  thug  has  had  to  make  himself  scarce,  the  walking  delegate 
no  longer  collects  his  tithes,  and  the  worker  pursues  his  chosen  calling  without 
fear  of  being  waylaid  and  murdered  or  felled  in  the  dark  by  that  lowest  of 
human  creatures,  the  labor  grafter. 

The  terrible  results  that  may  happen  from  the  actions  of  these  labor  leaders 
are  not  fully  understood.  The  fearful  responsibility  resting  upon  them  they  do 
not  appreciate.  The  untold  misery,  the  breaking  up  of  happy  homes,  the  count- 
less evictions,  the  starvation  of  the  wife  and  children,  the  destruction  of  the 
moral  fiber  of  a  man  who  has  to  depend  on  the  charity  of  others,  that  has  already 
occurred  in  San  Francisco  they  care  nothing  for.  The  impartial  reader  whe 

7 


Cartoon  5 — Buy  applies  to  manager  of  iactory  lor  a  chance  to  learn  a 
trade.  Manager  only  too  willing  to  teach  boy.  Cannot  because  of 
that  social  and  moral  LEPER,  the  WALKING  DELEGATE. 


Cartoon  6— Generation  of  VIPERS  The  poor  but  HOftKtiT  work- 
ingman  have  to  continually  contribute  to  THIS,  My  GOD  where 
will  it  end? 


reads  the  statements  contained  herein  must  be  simply  astounded  that  such  a 
condition  of  affairs  can  obtain  in  a  civilized  city. 

A  renewal  of  the  misery  and  suffering  of  two  years  ago  is  proposed  by  these 
men.  Having  nothing  to  lose,  owning  no  property,  absolutely  irresponsible  finan- 
cially, they  care  for  nothing,  as  long  as  they  can  live  on  the  credulity  of  their 
dupes. 

If  in  this  union-cursed  city  we  had  labor  leaders  of  the  type  of  T.  V.  Pow- 
derly,  Arthur  of  the  Locomotive  Engineers,  or  even  John  Mitchell,  unionism 
might  take  hope  that  it  might  live  down  the  past  record  and  in  coming  years 
by  conservative  action  command  the  respect  of  honest  citizens;  but  a  body  of 
men  which  glories  in  the  leadership  of  such  men  as  Cornelius,  McCarthy,  Tveitmoe, 
or  Jim  Gray  of  Los  Angeles  must  be  totally  disrupted  in  order  that  the  peace 
of  the  community  may  be  preserved.  Such  spectacles  as  a  thug  parading  in 
front  of  a  man's  place  of  business  with  a  banner  disturbing  the  peace  and 
breaking  the  law  by  using  obscene  language  directed  at  those  having  the  moral 
courage  to  patronize  the  victim,  must  and  will  be  abolished. 

The  opportunity  to  learn  the  trade  of  his  choice  will  again  be  placed  within 
the  reach  of  any  ambitious  youth.  The  father  will  again  be  able  to  teach  his 
son  in  his  own  shop  without  being  threatened  and  cursed  by  a  gang  of  low- 
bred ruffians.  The  expert  worker  will  again  command  the  higher  wage  which  is 
justly  his  due,  while  the  listless  loafer  will  again  be  forced  to  the  rear,  instead 
of  as  at  present  drawing  equal  pay  with  his  superior. 

Industries,  and  such  there  are,  that  have  been  totally  destroyed  in  San 
Francisco  by  the  exactions  of  these  hold-up  men  will  again  spring  into  existence, 
whilst  prospective  enterprises  that  have  been  forced  to  settle  in  other  localities 
far  less  favorably  located  may  even  at  this  late  day  be  induced  to  come  here. 
It  is  a  conservative  statement  to  make,  that  San  Francisco  would  to-day  have  a 
population  of  over  600,000  people  were  it  not  for  the  retarding  influence  exerted 
by  these  renegades.  Los  Angeles  on  the  south,  comparatively  undisturbed 
by  the  operations  of  these  people  has  been,  and  is,  growing  with  phenomenal 
rapidity.  The  conservative  law-abiding  element  of  that  city  have  a  friend 
and  champion  in  the  Times,  with  General  Otis  as  its  editor,  that  this  city  has 
sadly  lacked.  A  significant  feature  of  the  public  feeling  is  the  .fact  that  the 
Times  has  an  astonishingly  large  circulation  in  this  city.  No  tamale  appears 
at  the  head  of  the  columns  of  the  Times.  Seattle  on  the  north,  with  not  half 
the  commercial  advantages  of  San  Francisco,  has  been  growing  with  greater 
rapidity,  owing  to  its  greater  freedom  from  the  labor  union  pest.  That  San 
Francisco  has  grown  at  all  in  face  of  the  labor  union  persecution  to  which  it 
has  been  subjected,  is  a  tribute  to  its  commercial  enterprise  that  cannot  be 
denied. 

What  is  the  motive  of  the  present  agitation?  The  United  Railroads  are 
owned  by  absentees.  Immediately  after  the  transfer  to  them  the  carmen  struck, 
when  they  did  not  have  200  members  out  of  the  2,300  in  their  union.  One  evening 
in  May,  1902,  a  cable-car  stopped  opposite  the  Emporium,  and  the  conductor 
and  gripman  jumped  off,  leaving  the  passengers  in  their  seats  wondering  what 
was  going  to  happen.  Another  car  came  up,  stopped  immediately  in  the  rear 
of  the  first  car,  and  the  same  proceeding  again  took  place.  The  passengers  simply 
had  to  walk.  In  half  an  hour  a  long  line  of  cars  extending  beyond  Jones 
Street  could  be  seen.  A  large  number  of  conductors  and  gripmen  refused  to 
leava  their  cars,  but  the  strikers,  reinforced  by  the  hoodlum  element  of  the 
streets  went  from  car  to  car,  and  by  threats  and  curses  "persuaded"  the  men 
to  leave  their  cars.  The  next  day  the  whole  system  was  tied  up,  and  express 
wagons  did  a  rushing  business  carrying  passengers  at  ten  cents  a  head.  In  a 
week  the  trouble  was  adjusted  and  the  men  went  back  to  work.  Since  that 
time  the  unfortunate  owners  have  been  in  trouble  with  their  employees  almost 
constantly.  Finally,  after  ah  exhaustive  hearing,  during  which  Mr.  H.  V.  Ready, 
whose  testimony  appears-  verbatim  on  another  page,  completely  pulverized  the 
Carmen's  attorney,  Mr.  Livernash,  the  dispute  was  referred  to  Mr.  Mahon  of  the 
Union,  Mr.  Calhoun  of  the  syndicate,  and  Oscar  Strauss  the  well-known  philan- 
thropist of  New  York.  The  decision  is  a  matter  of  history.  Mr.  Calhoun  openly 
dissented  against  the  award,  his  reason  for  so  doing  appearing  on  another  page 
of  this  book.  Mr.  Mahon  was  compelled  to  agree  with  Mr.  Strauss  although  he 
claimed  the  union  was  not  treated  right,  and  Mr.  Strauss'  language  showed 
that  he  felt  he  had  stretched  a  point  in  favor  of  the  Carmen,  and  the  affair 
was  supposed  to  be  closed.  The  men  were  now  in  receipt  of  the  highest  wages 

9 


Cartoon  7— -Boy   unable  to  iearn  a  trade,  becomes  what  the  WALKING 
DELEGATES  and  their  originates  call  a  "  SCAB." 


Cartoon  8 — Boy  arrested;  brought  beiore  bnperior  Judge  on  charge  pre- 
fered  by  WALKING  DELEGATE.  Sentenced  to  Statei  Prison  and 
WALKING  DELEGATE,  though  a  perjurer,  ie  temporarily  happy. 


paid  anywhere  in  the  world  except  Montana  where  the  greater  expense  of  living 
mere  than  offsets  the  difference  in  wages. 

Were  the  Carmen  satisfied?  Not  at  all.  Mistaking  the  forbearance  of  the 
Company  for  fear,  they  immediately  commenced  issuing  a  series  of  petty  request*, 
and  insulting  statements  have  caused  the  Company  to  issue  a  statement,  also  on 
another  page  of  this  book.  We  appeal  to  every  one  to  read  that  statement,  and 
then  ask  themselves  whether  the  bulldozing  behavior  of  Cornelius'  brigade  has 
not  reached  its  limit.  The  public  favor  which  was  openly  lavished  on  the  Carmen 
in  1902  is  to-day  conspicuous  by  its  absence.  The  long  list  of  outrages  upon 
defenseless  people  in  that  year  has  produced  this  result.  American  citizens  who 
simply  exercised  the  principle  of  earning  their  living  with  their  arms,  have 
had  those  arms  broken  by  cowardly  brutes  in  human  form,  who  ambushed  them 
on  dark  streets.  Valuable  property  was  destroyed.  Harness  was  cut  to  pieces, 
bolts  drawn  from  wagons,  nuts  unscrewed  from  the  axles  and  everything  that  de- 
graded human  nature  could  devise  was  done,  but  the  defeat  of  the  thugs  was 
overwhelming.  Hat  in  hand  they  went  to  their  former  employers  and  begged 
for  their  old  positions  regardless  of  conditions.  Some  got  back,  some  got  into 
the  State  prison,  and  some  left  the  country  for  the  country's  good. 

Perhaps  some  reader  of  this  article  may  think  the  condemnation  here  meted 
out  too  strong.  None  know  better  than  the  writer  that  there  are  men  in 
the  Carmen's  Union,  in  the  Brotherhood  of  Teamsters  and  in  every  union,  who  are 
sterling  American  citizens  according  to  their  light,  but  the  remarkable  regularity 
with  which  the  ruffian  element  dictates  the  business  of  the  union  seems  to  show 
that  it  is  in  control.  A  man  is  judged  by  the  company  he  keeps,  and  it  is 
unfortunate  for  these  men  to  be  in  such  company.  A  union  is  a  species  of  part- 
nership and  one  partner  is  held  for  the  acts  of  the  other.  Such  men  will,  nay 
they  must,  if  they  wish  to  preserve  the  respect  of  their  fellow  men  sooner  or 
later  leave  their  union,  or  throw  these  blatherskites  overboard.  He  is  a  short- 
sighted man  who  thinks  that  unionism  will  ever  be  blotted  out.  Like  the  com- 
bines of  capital,  the  combines  of  labor  are  here  to  stay,  but  the  union  of  the 
future  will  be  so  essentially  changed  that  the  labor  grafter,  walking  delegate, 
and  low-browed  thug  cannot  gain  admission  to  it.  In  that  reorganized  union 
he  will  have  no  opportunities  to  graft  and  no  victims  to  slug.  The  object  of  the 
future  union  will  be,  not  to  create  disturbances  but  to  prevent  them.  A  present 
instance  of  such  a  union  can  be  found  in  the  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive  En- 
gineers, but  the  difference  between  the  quality  of  the  members  of  that  union 
and  those  comprising,  say,  the  Chicken  Pickers'  Brotherhood,  is  so  great,  that 
comment  is  useless. 

Violence,  per  se,  is  a  sign  of  low  grade  organization  and  a  low  bred  man, 
and  violence  in  the  constantly  advancing  state  of  civilization  will  eventually  be 
relegated  to  the  rear  AND  THOSE  WHO  PEACTICE  IT. 

The  men  who  have  made  this  country  what  it  is  are  not  and  never  were 
union  men.  As  one  mountain  peak  towers  over  another  so  some  men  overtop 
their  fellows,  and  such  men  absolutely  refuse  to  be  bound  by  the  dull  uniformity 
of  unionism,  with  its  schedule  of  wages  for  good  and  worthless  alike,  for  youth 
and  old  age  the  same.  Such  men,  looking  to  the  future  do  not  strike  if  they,  per- 
chance, should  sometime  be  asked  to  work  nine  hours  a  day,  or  put  themselves 
to  some  little  inconvenience  for  their  employer.  For  the  man  whom  nobody 
wants,  the  man  who  is  in  his  glory  when  he  can  loaf  on  his  employer,  the  union 
is  a  paradise,  but  for  the  ambitious  man,  the  one  who  some  time  expects  to  be 
an  employer  himself,  it  is  a  hell.  "Abandon  ye  all  hope  who  enter  here"  might 
well  be  written  over  the  meeting  halls  of  these  unions,  for  once  inoculate  a  man 
with  the  virulent  idea  that  his  employer  is  his  enemy,  whom  to  defraud  is  an 
honor,  and  he  is  lost  for  all  time,  and  a  strike  is  the  principal  thing  he  welcomes. 
A  complete  verification  of  these  statements  can  be  found  in  the  slow  but  sure 
decadence  of  England  as  a  manufacturing  nation.  In  the  grip  of  a  unionism 
far  more  relentless  than  prevails  in  this  country,  England  sees  her  trade  slowly 
diverted  to  other  countries  not  so  cursed.  The  British  manufacturer  is  as  alert 
as  when  he  controlled  the  world's  trade,  but  a  unionism  that  restricts  a  man's 
work  and  imposes  a  thousand  other  absurd  rules  is  too  much  for  him.  There 
are  signs  over  there,  as  well  as  here,  however,  that  the  end  of  submission  to  such 
nonsense  is  at  hand.  If  it  is  not,  England  will  inevitably  decline. 

This  is  the  age  of  strenuous  competition,  of  the  survival  of  the  fittest.     All 

that  America,  and  San  Francisco  in  particular,  asks  is  a  fair  field  and  no  favors. 

•     This  includes  the  untrammeled  operation  of  the  laws  of  supply  and  demand  in 

11 


Cartoon  9 — Boy  in  States  Prison    where  for  the  tirtt  time  he  has 
chance  to  learn  his  chosen  trade. 


Cartoon  10 — Father  reading  letter  from  son. 


all  marketable  products.  Labor  comes  under  that  category,  but  instead  of  giving 
these  laws  full  rein,  a  small  organized  body  of  men  step  in  and  say,  "We  will 
control  this  essential  factor  in  the  production  of  wealth,  we  will  allow  so  much 
labor  to  be  expended  in  one  day,  at  so  much  wages,  and  certain  men  only  must 
be  hired  to  do  it."  Under  such  restrictions  this  great  State,  with  cheap  fuel, 
with  every  facility  for  the  production  of  wealth,  and  facing  the  greatest  unde- 
veloped market  in  the  world,  has  but  1,500,000  people.  There  is  a  reason,  and 
it  stands  out  unmistakably  defined — labor  union  domination. 

Against  such  domination  this  firm  will  ever  protest,  not  from  enmity  to 
the  honest  unionist,  him  we  pity  and  will  treat  the  same  as  any  other  honest  man, 
but  from  a  deep-seated  contempt  for  the  cheap  jawsmiths  who  dominate  him  and 
whom  we  are  determined  to  dethrone  if  it  takes  all  this  summer  and  the  next, 
and  also  from  a  desire  to  see  the  magnificent  resources  of  this  city  and  State 
developed  at  something  like  a  normal  rate. 

The  competent  man  will  always,  union  or  no  union,  secure  satisfactory  wages. 
Employers  to-day  everywhere  are  looking  for  such  help,  and  always  will  be. 
The  demand  for  good  men  is  unlimited,  but  when,  as  now  an  employer  under 
the  dictation  of  these  unions,  is  forced  to  take  two  mediocre  men  to  secure  the 
services  of  one  good  one,  it  is  an  injustice  too  rank  to  be  submitted  to. 

There  are  employers  to-day  in  San  Francisco  goaded  to  desperation  by 
the  exactions  of  their  organized  employees.  Employers  wrho  know  that  if  the 
present  condition  prevails  long,  they  are  facing  inevitable  bankruptcy.  To  such  we 
would  say  that  you  have  but  to  say  the  word  and  be  free.  The  struggle  may 
be  hard  at  first,  but  the  triumph  is  as  certain  as  that  the  sun  will  rise  to-morrow. 
The  pioneer  work  of  this  movement  has  been  completed,  the  entering  wedge  that 
will  disrupt  this  bulldozing  combine  has  been  placed,  and  it  but  remains  to  drive 
it  nome. 

We  believe  after  this  trouble  is  settled  right  that  the  dawn  of  a  better 
day  is  at  hand.  We  believe  that  when  the  present  fog  of  misunderstanding 
that  obscures  the  vision  of  both  employer  and  employee  in  their  mutual  rela- 
tions is  cleared  away,  that  a  long  period  of  industrial  peace  will  be  ushered  in. 
We  believe  that  the  time  is  coming,  when  capitalist  and  workingman  will  not 
regard  each  other  as  enemies  but  as  friends,  each  absolutely  essential  to  the 
other.  We  believe  that  the  average  employer  and  employee  wish  to  do  unto  the 
other  as  they  would  be  done  by,  and  that  but  for  the  labor  union  blatherskite,  who 
rears  his  ugly  form  between  the  two  classes  and  makes  it  his  business  to  breed 
trouble  and  discord,  their  relations  would  be  harmonious. 

W7e  also  believe  that  the  time  is  at  hand  when  the  above-mentioned  blatherskites, 
Cornelius,  et  al.,  will  be  made  to  work  as  other  men  do,  instead  of  working  men 
to  the  limit  of  their  credulity  as  they  do  now,  and  lastly  we  believe  that  the 
laborer  is  worthy  of  his  hire,  that  a  good  day's  work  is  worth  a  good  day's  pay, 
that  a  good  day's  pay  calls  for  a  good  day's  work,  that  a  man  is  a  man  whether 
he  be  millionaire  or  pauper  as  long  as  he  gives  equivalent  for  what  he  receives.' 
In  our  position,  conducting  as  we  do  one  of  the  largest  employment  offices  in 
the  world,  we  have  had  opportunities  for  judging  and  obtaining  insight  into 
this  question,  not  vouchsafed  to  the  average  business  man.  W7e  have  observed  the 
thousand  and  one  ways  in  which  this  outrageous  combine  handicaps  employer 
and  employee  alike,  we  have  seen  men,  mechanics  of  extraordinary  proficiency 
unable  to  secure  work  and  refused  a  chance  even  to  join  a  union  to  get  it,  forced 
to  walk  the  streets  penniless  and  finally  lose  ambition  and  sink,  or  if  they  were 
made  of  sterner  stuff,  go  out  on  a  farm  to  get  enough  mon£y  to  leave  this 
State,  of  which  under  other  conditions  they  would  have  made  useful  citizens.  It 
is  with  no  malicious  intent  we  have  penned  the  above  remarks.  Strong  diseases 
require  strong  remedies. 

Our  business  is  peculiarly  dependent  upon  amicable  relations  being  sus- 
tained between  the  two  classes,  and  if  this  small  effort  but  hastens  the  time  when 
the  so-called  scab  and  the  so-called  "fair"  worker  are  merged  into  one  we  are 
satisfied. 


13 


Cartoon  11 — family  reunion.  Boy  growiilo  uiaDtioud;  and  a  nraL-ciasa 
mechanic, approves  heartily  of  his  father's  decided  action  in  utterly 
destroying  the  cause  of  their  sorrow  and  misery— the  UNION  CARD. 


Cartoon  12 — *  atiiwr  and  son  now  working  side  by  side  ae  GOD  intended, 
and  the  constitution  of  the  United  States  insures.  The  WALKING 
DELEGATE  is  safe  because  Uncle  Sam,  although  slow,  is  sure. 


IN     THE    MATTER     OF     THE     ARBITRATION     BETWEEN     THE 
UNITED  RAILROADS  OF  SAN  FRANCISCO  AND  THE 
AMALGAMATED  ASSOCIATION  OF  STREET  RAIL- 
WAY EMPLOYEES  OF  AMERICA,  DIVISION 

NUMBER  205. 

San  Francisco,  CaL,  Monday,  August  3,   1903. 

TESTIMONY  OF  HERBERT  V.  READY.      (RECALLED). 

CBOSS  -EXAMINATION. 

BY  MB.  LIVEBNASH: 

Q.     Are  you  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Murray  &  Ready? 

A.     Yes,   sir. 

Q.     Every  day  three  to  four  thousand  men  visit  your  office? 

A.  From  three  to  four  thousand,  yes — not  including  Sundays — 
every  week  day — probably  1500  on  a  Sunday. 

Q.  You  have  to  have  the  police  there  to  prevent  the  streets  from 
being  blockaded? 

A.  No,  no  need  of  it.  If  the  streets  are  blockaded  we  can  soon 
send  for  the  police. 

Q.  When  did  you  last  have  to  call  for  the  police  in  order  to  let 
men  get  in  and  out  of  your  establishment  there? 

A.  They  don't  all  come  at  one  time — they  come  during  that  period 
from  7  o'clock  in  the  day  until  10  o'clock  at  night. 

Q.     How  many  will  the  office  hold? 

A.     Standing  room  for  300. 

Q.  Did  you  ever  have  any  more  than  300  there  at  one  time  in  a 
day? 

A.  Four  or  five  hundred — the  inner  office  will  kold  just  as  many 
as  the  general  office  where  the  men  stay,  but  we  don't  crowd  it  to  that 
capacity.  We  could  seat  100  men;  no  doubt  there  are  a  hundred  there 
now  with  the  fourteen  clerks  that  are  inside  the  office. 

Q.     You  know  that? 

A.     That  is  what  I  said. 

Q.     You  don't  know  a  thing  about  it  in  point  of  fact,  do  you? 

A.  I  do  know  that  when  I  left  now  right  after  lunch  there  were  80 
people  talking  with  the  fourteen  clerks. 

Q.     You  believe  there  are  more  there  now? 

A.  I  believe  there  are  more  there  now  than  at  12  o'clock,  because 
there  always  are  at  this  hour  of  the  day. 

Q.     In  point  of  fact,  you  don't  know  a  thing  about  it.  do  you? 

A.     I  do. 

Q.  By  what  process  do  you  know?  How  do  you  know  that  your 
store  is  there  now? 

A.     If  it  is  not  burned  down. 

Q.     You  are  guessing? 

A.     I  don't  guess ;  I  know,  without  there  is  some  calamity  there. 

Q.     You  know  there  are  just  a  hundred  persons  there  now? 

A.     I  don't  know  that  there  is  just  one  hundred. 

Q.     WTell,  between  90  and   100? 

A.     Well,   between   80   and   100. 

Q.     How  many  will  there  be  in  one  hour  from  now? 

A.  There  will  be  in  that  office  and  outside  probably  four  hun- 
dred people,  and  we  will  be  shipping  one  hundred  of  these  men  to 
Utah  and  Nevada  and  other  divisions  of  the  railroad  company 

Q.     I  didn't  know  that  Utah  was  in  Nevada. 

A.     I  said  Utah  and  Nevada. 

Q.     You  will  be  shiping  about  four  hundred  to  Utah  and  Nevada? 

A.  I  said  we  would  be  shipping  one  hundred  to  Utah  and  Nevada 
and  other  places  for  the  railroad  about  4  o'clock  this  afternoon 

Q.     Well,  I  am  not  deaf. 

A.  Excuse  me;  I  am  so  used  to  speaking  loud  in  the  office  where 
there  is  a  large  quantity  of  men.  I  shall  try  to  lessen  my  voice. 

Q.     You  know  there  are  not  five  hundred  in  this  room  now? 

A.    That  is  correct,  sir. 

15 


Q.  How  many  will  there  be  in  your  office  at  half  past  seven  to- 
night ? 

A.     Probably  twenty  and  probably  one  hundred. 

Q.     They  can't  both  be  there? 

A.     From  that. 

Q.  Between  twenty  and  one  hundred?  And  how  many  at  quarter 
to  eight? 

A.     I  could  not  say,  sir.     I  will  be  taking  dinner  at  that  time. 

Q.     How  do  you  know  you  will? 

A.     I  generally  dine  about  that  time,  sir. 

Q.     When  do  you  get  back  from  dinner? 

A.  When  I  get  through — it  takes  half  an  hour  sometimes,  and 
if  I  meet  a  business  man  I  may  take  an  hour. 

Q.     How  many  were  there  there  this  morning  at  quarter  to  eleven? 

A.     I  could  not  say — probably  100,  200  or  300 — I  don't  know. 

Q.     At  half  past  eight,  how  many? 

A.     I  wasn't  there  at  half  past  eight — I  was  there  at  nine. 

Q.     How  many  will  be  there  at  quarter  to  ten? 

A.  I  hope  there  wont  be  any  because  I  want  to  close  up  at  that 
time.  I  generally  close  at  ten,  but  I  want  to  close  earlier  to-night. 

Q.  Your  establishment  is  the  headquarters  of  "scabs"  in  this 
town,  is  it  not? 

A.  I  would  like  to  know  the  definition  of  the  word  "scab"  and 
then  I  could  answer. 

Q.  Nobody  in  town,  I  think,  knows  it  much  better  than  you. 
Haven't  you  been  under  arrest  for  defrauding  persons  dealing  with 
your  agency  in  the  last  six  months  ? 

A.     For  the  violation  of  a  so-called  law. 

Q.     Charged   with   defrauding  persons   seeking   employment? 

A.     Violating  a  law,  yes. 

Q.     By   misrepresenting   conditions? 

A.  Misrepresenting  conditions  in  conjunction  with  the  Union 
Lumber  Company — we  were  both  arrested.  We  are  now  testing  the 
oonstutionality  of  that  question  in  the  Supreme  Court. 

Q.     You  misrepresented  conditions? 

A.     I  didn't  misrepresent  it. 

Q.     You  did  not  tell  Mr.  Dunnigan  that  no  strike  was  on? 

A.  I  didn't  harm  Mr.  Dunnigan,  and  Mr.  Dunnigan  was  told  by 
my  own  brother  in  the  presence  of  other  clerks  that  a  strike  was  on 
there — 

Q.     There  are  not  more  than  five  hundred  persons  here? 

A.     That  is  all  right — I  was  talking  so  loud  because — 

MR  MOORE:  You  are  not  talking  any  louder  than  Mr.  Livernash 
sometimes  does. 

A.     I  have  heard  Mr.  Livernash  talk  louder  than  that  sometime. 

MR.  LIVERNASH:       Well,  go  on. 

A.  Mr.  Dunnigan  was  sent  to  our  office  or  came  to  our  office 
some  time  ago  and  asked  for  a  position  in  that  lumber  camp  in  Men- 
docino  County.  He  was  engaged  by  my  brother  and  was  also  imformed 
there  was  a  strike  on  there. 

Q.     You  are  sure  about  that? 

A.     I  am  positive  about  that. 

Q.     How  do  you  know  about  it? 

A.     Because  the  clerks  in  the  office  told  me. 

Q.     How  do  you  know  about  it? 

A.  Because  my  brother's  word  is  as  good  as  God's  in  Heaven, 
and  Mr.  Dunnigan  was  told  that  he  would  have  to  wait  two  or  three 
days. 

Q.     How  do  you  know  he  was  told? 

A.     Because  the  clerks  were  witnesses. 

Q.     Is  their  word  also  as  good  as — ? 

A.     There  word  is  equally  as  good  or  they  wouldn't  be  there. 

Q.  You  don't  have  anybody  in  your  employ  whose  word  is  not 
as  good  as  God's  or  better? 

A.     They  are  as  good  or  they  wouldn't  be  there. 

16 


Q.  You  have  fourteen  clerks — the  only  fourteen  honest  men  on 
earth? 

A.     I  don't  know  that  they  are  all  the  honest  men  in  the  world. 

Q.     There  may  be  fifty. 

A.     There  may  be  twenty — there  may  be  more. 

Q.     Twenty-one,    including  yourself? 

A.  We  are  leaving  ourselves  out.  I  leave  others  to  speak  for  me. 
I  never  speak  of  my  honesty  myself. 

Q.     Are  you  willing  to  let  me  speak  of  your  honesty? 

A.  If  you  chose — every  man  has  a  right  to  his  own  opinion.  Do 
you  want  any  more  about  Mr.  Dunnigan  and  the  Union  Lumber  Com- 
pany? He  was  told  that  a  strike  was  on  with  the  Union  Lumber  Com- 
pany— 

Q.  The  fact  of  the  matter  is  that  you  are  under  arrest  for  having 
defrauded  persons  seeking  employment,  my  misrepresentations  of  con- 
ditions ? 

A.     There  was  a  warrant  sworn  out  of  that  nature. 

Q.     Yes,  sir. 

MK.  MOORE:     By  Mr,  Dunnigan? 

A.  No;  by  a  man — I  forget  his  name  just  this  minute — the 
Labor  Council  and  the  Examiner  no  doubt  combined  to  handle  that 
man,  because  the  Labor  Council  is  prosecuting  the  case  and  has  hired 
Attorney  Button  to  prosecute  it — against  both  the  Lumber  Company 
and  myself. 

MR.   MOORE:      Mr.   Dunnigan  was   connected   with   the   Examinert 

MR.  LIVERNASH:  Mr.  Dunnigan  is  the  present  labor  editor  ol 
the  Examiner.  He  was  employed  for  the  purpose  of  uncovering  the 
fraud  in  this  man's  agency,  and  he  didn't  uncover  it. 

A.     He  did  uncover  it? 

Q.     Yes. 

A.     As   the   law   stood   according  to  the  Examiner. 

MR.  LIVERNASHS  I  am  not  disputing  with  you,  sir.  You  arc 
bitterly  opposed  to  trade  unionism  in  this  town  and  are  finding  em« 
ployment  for  scabs. 

A.  No,  sir;  that  is  not  true,  because  we  engage  union  and  non 
union  me<i. 

Q.     How  many  did  you  engage  yesterday — union  men? 

A.     Three  union  men. 

Q.     Out  of  four  thousand? 

A.  No,  sir;  not  out  of  four  thousand — they  were  engaged  at 
as  union  carpenters  and  sent  to  union  shops  in  San  Rafael. 

Q.     Three  out  of  fifteen  hundred? 

A.  1  don't  know — I  wasn't  there  until  about  1  o'clock  yesterday 
afternoon. 

MR.  MOORE  :  He  didn't  say  fifteen  hundrea  men  were  employed— 
he  is  speaking  of  applications. 

MR.  LIVERNASH:  Well,  three  union  men  out  of  fifteen  hundred 
applicants  ? 

A.  We  may  have  employed  more,  but  I  took  the  telephone  myself 
— I  knew  it  had  to  be  filled  and  I  know  the  job  was  filled;  but  I  will 
tell  you  I  don't  know  the  meaning  of  the  word  "scab"  yet. 

Q.     You  will  before  we  get  through. 

A.     Thank  you,  sir. 

Q.     It  never  has  occurred  to  you  what  that  word  means? 

A.     Never. 

Q.     You  never  heard  it  before  to-day? 

A.  I  have  heard  it  used  on  the  streets.  I  have  read  it  in  the 
labor  news  of  the  Examiner  and  other  papers. 

Q.     But  you  were  never  able  to  tell  what  it  meant? 

A.     I    don't   know   the  meaning  of   the  word   "scab." 

Q.     You  haven't  the  remotest  notion? 

A.     Not  the  remotest  notion,  sir. 

Q.  You  don't  know  that  it  has  any  relation  to  unionism  or  non- 
unionism  ? 

A.     I  don't  know  th«  definition  of  the  word  "scab,"  sir. 

17 


Q.     And  you  a  truthful  man;  as  truthful  as  God? 
A.     As  truthful  as  there  is  a  God  in  Heaven. 

Q.    Why  do  you  get  so  excited  when  that  word  "scab"  is  men- 
tioned if  you  don't  know  what  it  means? 

A.     I  don't  get  excited — I  don't  think  I  am  excited. 
Q.     Not   a  bit  excited? 
A.     Not  a  little  bit,  sir. 

Q.     If  there  are  three  or  four  thousand  men  come  to  your  place  a 
day  then  during  the  last  week  there  may  have  been  between  twenty-one 
and  twenty-eight  thousand  men  applied  there  for  employment? 
A.     I   say  twenty-five  to  twenty-eight  thousand. 
Q.     And  in  the  last  month  about  one  hundred  thousand,  or  about 
one-third  of  the  population  of  the  town? 

A.     Some  days  there  are  less,  some  days  more. 
Q.     I  say  within  the  last  month — three  or  four  thousand  a  day — 
you  have  sworn  to  that  here. 

A.     I  should  say  there  are  that  many  probably,  that  entered  our 
office  daily. 

Q.     As  a  truthful  man  you  mean  what  you  say? 
A.     I  mean  exactly  what  I  have  sworn  to  in  that  affidavit — what 
I  have  sworn  to  is  true.     There  is  nothing  in  that  affidavit  that  is  not 
true  that  I  have  sworn  to. 

Q.     Then  three  or  four  thousand  apply  to  your  establishment  every 
day? 

A.     Yes. 

Q.     Then  within  the  last  thirty  days,  leaving  Sundays  out,  in  the 
last  thirty  week  days  between  ninety  and  one  hundred  and  twenty  thou- 
sand men  have  applied  at  your  establishment  for  work? 
A.     We  will  say  seventy-eight  thousand. 
Q.     Why  do  you  say  seventy-eight  thousand  ? 

A.  Because  I  have  taken  the  lowest  number  and  you  have  taken 
the  highest  to  figure  by. 

Q.     Three  thousand   for  thirty  days   would  be  ninety  thousand — 
A.     But  leave  out  Sundays — 26  working  days. 
Q.     No;  take  thirty  working  days. 
A.     Then  you  will  include  Sundays? 

Q.  On  thirty  week  days  preceding  the  day  you  made  this  state- 
ment there  were  between  ninety  and  one  hundred  and  twenty  thousand 
men  applied  at  your  place  for  employment? 

A.  There  was  that  number  applied  daily  we  will  say  since  April 
first,  and  in  the  winter  time  there  are  more  than  that. 

Q.     Then  some  months  you  must  have  as  much  as  one  hundred 
and  fifty  to  two  hundred  thousand  men  apply  for  work? 
A.     More  in  the  winter,  than  in  the  summer;  yes  sir. 
Q.     As  many  as  two  hundred  thousand  apply  in  a  month? 
A.     I  say  in  winter  there  are  more. 
Q.     How  many  more? 
A.     I  could  not  say — a  bigger  crowd. 

Q.  Such  a  lot  you  have  to  have  cordons  of  police  around  the 
block? 

A.  I  don't  have  to  have  them  unless  agitators  come  around  there 
and  then  we  soon  remove  them — we  send  for  the  police. 

Q.     What  kind  of  agitators — are  they  looking  for  work? 
A.     Labor  agitators — demagogues. 
Q.     'You  can  tell  a  demogogue  when  you  see  him? 
A.     I  can  tell  demagogues. 
Q.     You  can  tell  a  demagogue  from  a  scab? 
A.     I  know  a  demagogue,  but  I  don't  know  a  scab. 
Q.     Describe  what  he  looks  like. 

A.  I  will  not  tell  you  what  he  looks  like,  but  I  will  tell  you  what 
he  is. 

Q.     Go  ahead. 

A.  A  man  that  raises  trouble — a  man  that  does  not  know  his 
own  business,  and  tries  to  know  others',  sir. 

Q.  You  know  not  a  good  deal  of  your  own  business  but  the  busi- 
ness ef  ethers? 

18 


A.  That  is  my  business,  <to  find  others'  business — to  get  them 
work;  but  that  don't  prove  a  man  is  a  demagogue — because  he  wants 
to  put  a  man  to  work  and  earn  a  good  honest  living  by  the  sweat  of 
his  hands  and  brow. 

Q.  By  the  sweat  of  his  hands — you  improve  upon  the  bibical 
phrase  ? 

A.  A  man  that  sweats  with  his  hands — takes  a  pick  and  shovel 
or  any  kind  of  labor  work. 

Q.     That  is  the  only  kind  of  man — one  that  sweats  in  his  hands? 

A.     No;  but  he  is  one  class  of  man — a  good  class  of  man. 

Q.     You  like  to  have  pick  and  shovel  men  around  you? 

A.  I  like  to  have  men  that  work  with  their  hands  and  brain  at 
the  same  time. 

Q.  Oh,  brains  come  into  it  now.  Well,  now,  when  did  you  last 
use  the  pick  and  shovel? 

A.  I  can  state  that  very,  very  quickly.  When  I  came  to  San 
Francisco,  I  came  with  a  dollar  in  my  pocket  and  a  pair  of  blankets 
on  my  back — that  is  sixteen  years  ago,  and  I  went  to  work  on  the 
streets  of  San  Francisco  for  two  dollars  a  day. 

Q.  Wern't  you  ashamed  of  yourself  to  charge  so  much  for  that 
work? 

A.     Ashamed  to  work  with  a  pick  and  shovel? 

A.  Ashamed  to  charge  your  employer  as  much  as  two  dollars 
a  day? 

A.  It  was  worth  the  two  dollars  or  my  employer  wouldn't  have 
kept  me. 

Q.     Weren't  you  worth  more  than  that? 

A.  At  the  rate  of  wages  at  that  time,  no;  because  that  was  the 
rate  paid  for  that  character  of  work. 

Q.  Wasn't  that  when  they  had  thousands  of  Chinamen  working 
for  a  dollar  a  day  with  pick  and  shovel? 

A.  Did  they  ever  have  a  thousand  Chinese  in  San  Francisco 
working  for  a  dollar  a  day?  I  don't  know  that  we  ever  had  them  for 
that  wages,  pick  and  shovel  work. 

MR.  MOORE:     Never  had  them  on  the  streets. 

MR.  LIVERNASH:  I  am  not  talking  about  the  streets — pick  and 
shovel  work  can  be  used  more  ways  than  one. 

A.  I  never  knew  that  Chinamen  worked  for  a  dollar  a  day  with 
pick  and  shovel  in  this  city  or  any  other  city  in  California. 

Q.     You  don't  know. 

A.  No;  I  hear  very  little  of  Japanese  or  Chinese — it  is  only  hear- 
say evidence — you  don't  want  hearsay  evidence  here. 

Q.  You  wanted  it  when  you  were  talking  about  what  your  clerks 
stated. 

A.  Those  clerks  are  in  my  employ  and  everything  they  tell  me 
is  true. 

Q.  Being  so  truthful  yourself  you  could  not  have  an  untruthful 
man  in  your  employ.  You  had  no  ocassion  for  the  police  except  for 
getting  rid  of  demagogues  that  congregate  around  your  establishment? 

A.  That  is  about  all  I  could  state — a  drunk  once  in  a  while  would 
float  around  there — when  he  does  and  is  boisterous — 

Q.  There  is  not  much  room  for  him  to  float  on  account  of  the 
men  there,  is  there? 

A.  There  are  a  lot  of  saloons  around  there  and  he  floats  around  but 
we  soon  know  how  to  get  rid  of  him,  though. 

Q.     These  demagogues  are  labor  demagogues — labor  agitators? 

A.     Labor  agitators. 

Q.     Men  who  would  like  to  break  up  your  business  ? 

A.  I  don't  know  that  they  would  like  to  break  up  my  business 
any  more  than  they  would  like  to  break  all  other  businesses  which  they 
can't  rule  themselves. 

Q.  These  labor  agitators  simply  want  to  run  everything? 

A.  That  is  correct — they  do. 

Q.  They  are  bad  citizens? 

A.  Some  of  them  are  not  citizens. 

19 


Q.  Worse  and  worse — of  course  you  go  out  and  inquire  of  each 
of  these  demagogues  whether  or  not  he  has  been  naturalized  or  born 
here? 

A.     No;    but  sometimes  we  happen  to  know  these  demagogues — 
we  have  seen  them  raised  up  in  the  city  in  the  sixteen  years'  business 
that  we  have  done  on  Clay  Street.     I  have  seen  a  lot  of  them  raised  up. 
Q.     Besides  myself  who  are  the  demagogues? 
A.     I  have  not  stated  that  you  are  a  demagogue. 
Q.     Well,  assume  it — I  want  to  be  a  demagogue  in  your  estimation 
— now,  who  are  the  others. 

A.     I  wouldn't  care  to  mention  names. 

Q.  You  would  do  a  public  service  to  the  community  to  expose 
these  terrible  fellows. 

A.  I  think  the  papers  have  exposed  a  great  many  of  these  dema- 
gogues. 

Q.     The  editors  of  the  Examiner,  of  course,  are  demagogues? 
A.     I   have  not  the   pleasure  of   knowing  many  of  the  editors  of 
the  Examiner,  consequently,  I  can  say  very  little  about  them. 

Q.  Among  these  demagogues  you  class  the  editors  who  believe  in 
labor  unions? 

A.     All  editors  don't  believe  in  what  they  write,  sir. 
Q.     You  understand  this  edittorial  business — but  the  labor  editors 
and  all  the  men  connected  with  labor  in  San  Francisco,  you  rank  them 
as  demagogues,  don't  you  ? 

A.  No;  there  are  some  good  editors  and  labor  men  that  are  not 
demagogues. 

Q.     Well,  they  are  almost  as  rare  as  white  crows,  aren't  they? 
A.     I  don't  know  that  they  are,  or  are  not.     I  don't  know  much 
about  the  newspaper  men  in  San  Francisco.     All  the  newspaper  men 
that  I  have  ever  met,  I  would  never  take  one  of  them  to  be  a  dema- 
gogue. 

Q.     You  wouldn't? 
A.     No,  sir. 

Q.     You  wouldn't  take  Mr.  Myrtle? 
A.     I  know  Mr.  Myrtle  is  not  a  demagogue,  sir. 
Q.     And  our  friend  Mr.  Boyle? 
A.     I  know  that  he  is  not  a  demagogue. 

Q.     There  are  no  demagogues  at  all  in  the  newspaper  business? 
A.     No,  because  I  don't  think  half  of  them  believe  what  they  write 
on  labor  news. 

Q.     You  think  'the  labor  news  that  is  published  is  all  humbug? 
A.     I  think  it  is  published  for  one  great  purpose,  and  that  purpose 
is  the  circulation  of  their  papers. 

Q.     That  is  why  they  publish  labor  news? 
A.     I  believe  they  do. 

Q.  Coming  back  to  this  great  army  of  men  who  in  a  month  apply 
to  you  for  employment — the  same  man  does  not  keep  coming  back 
every  day? 

A.     He  does  come  back. 

Q.     You  are  a  successful  business  man,  aren't  you? 
A.     I  believe  I  am  a  successful  business  man. 

Q.     In  fact,  you  are  at  the  very  top  notch  of  your  business  here? 
A.     It  would  be  out  of  place  for  me  to  say  that,  sir,  let  others 
speak  of  those  who  lead. 

Q.  I  noticed  your  advertisement  in  this  morning's  Examiner- 
there  are  no  such  marks  of  modesty  there — you  speak  of  having  made 
yourself  famous  there  by  your  great  work? 

A.     I  believe  the  firm  of  Murray  &  Ready  have  made  themselves 
famous?       I  know  no  distinction  between  man  and  man. 
Q.     You   know  one  man   from   another? 
A.     Yes,  but  all  men  are  equal  before  God  and  the  Law. 
MR.  MOORE:     You  don't  employ  Japs  and  Chinese? 
MB.  LIVERNASH:     All  men  are  equal  except  Japs  and  Chinese? 
A,     I  believe  so — -I  treat  them  as  such — as  men. 
Q.     A  Jap  or  a  Chinaman  is  not  a  man  in  your  sense? 

20 


A.     Yes,  sir,  he  is,  but  he  has  not  been  educated  to  the  standpoint 
where  we  are. 

Q.     It  is  a  matter  of  education  and  not  of  race,  then? 
A.     Correct. 

Q.     An  educated  Chinaman  is  all  right  for  anything? 
A.     An  educated  Chinaman  is  my  equal  or  your  equal,  sir. 
Q.     Well,  I  hope  he  is  your  equal,  anyhow.     Now,  in  point  of  fact, 
you    have   got    what   you    regard   as    the    most   successful    employment 
agency  in  town? 

A.     I  wouldn't  say  that— I  would  say  we  have  been  successful  in 
business.  • 

Q.      And  that  a  heavy  percentage   of  men  who  apply  to  you 
employment  do  not  apply  in  vain? 

A.     No   man   will   ever   be   refused  work  whether  he  is  union  or 
non-union  man.     All  men  are  treated  with  the  same  consideration  in 
our  office.     There  is  only  one  thing  we  ask  of  the  men,  "Can  you  fi 
that   job?" 

Q.     Well,  suppose  you  answer  the  question? 

A.  Well,  we  will  go  into  a  little  further  detail — no  matter 
whether  he  was  born  in  this  or  any  other  state  on  whether  he  belongs 
to  this  or  any  other  church,  or  any  unionism. 

Q.     You  wouldn't  refuse  a  man? 

A.  I  wouldn't  refuse  any  man  provided  he  could  till  the  work- 
any  man  that  ever  lived. 

Q.  He  would  have  to  be  alive  if  you  were  going  to  give  him  work 
— you  are  not  giving  work  to  dead  men? 

A.     No,  sir;  there  is  a  place  for  them  in  the  morgue. 

Q.  Now,  you  pride  yourselves,  I  should  gather  from  your  advertise- 
ment as  successful,  painstaking  employment  agents — these,  of  course, 
are  strictly  truthful? 

A.     The    Examiner    publishes    them. 

Q.  But  you  say  you  don't  believe  many  newspaper  men  believe 
what  they  print? 

A.     The  advertisements  are  truthful,  yes,  sir. 

Q.  You  would  not  for  the  world  mislead  the  public  through  an 
advertisement,  would  you? 

A.     No,  I  wouldn't. 

Q.  You  would  not  deviate  a  breadth  of  a  hair  from  the  line  of 
truth  in  an  advertisement,  would  you? 

A.  I  would  put  the  advertisement  in  papers  for  what  I  want,  no 
more  and  no  less. 

Q.     You  would  not  make  a  false  statement  in  your  advertisements? 

A.     No,    I    wouldn't. 

Q.  And  everything  in  your  advertisement  you  print  is  as  true  aa 
the  God  in  Heaven? 

A.     Yes,  true  as  the  God  in  Heaven. 

Q.  And  you  get  employment  for  a  considerable  percentage  of  the 
men  that  apply  to  you? 

A.  We  got  work  last  year  for  45  thousand  applicants,  but  we 
didn't  get  all  the  people  work  who  came  to  us — I  wish  we  did — w» 
would  get  rich  quick. 

Q.  You  have  fifty-two  working  weeks  in  the  year,  and  six  work- 
ing days  in  the  week  leaving  out  Sunday — that  is  too  good  a  day  to 
work  on? 

A.     I  have  worked  Sundays  as  well  as  any  other  day. 

Q.     You  don't  work  so  hard,  do  you? 

A.  Sometimes  I  worked  twice  as  hard — according  to  how  the 
business  comes — according  to  the  season  of  the  year — when  the  hay  is 
burning  out  in  the  fields  I  am  going  to  rustle  help  and  send  it  to  them 
— I  am  going  to  harvest  the  crop. 

Q.  I  don't  know  how  the  State  of  California  eter  did  peg  along 
before  you  got  here? 

A.  I  can  tell  you  how  they  have  pegged  along  since  I  have  been 
here — I  can't  tell  you  how  they  got  along  before  I  was  here. 

Q.  You  have  an  average  of  3  to  4  thousand  men  applying  everj 
day? 

21 


Q.  Then  you  had  last  year  between  936  thousand  and  1,248,000 
applicants  for  positions? 

A.     I  never  made  up  the  figures — I  just  said  that  was  the  number. 

Q.  You  didn't  put  those  figures  down  in  the  affidavit  without 
having  investigated  it,  did  you? 

A.  No,  sir,  those  figures  were  put  in  the  papers  before  and  told 
to  the  public  at  large.  This  statement  that  I  have  given  that  there 
were  about  three  to  four  thousand  men  a  day — that  was  published  for 
a  long  time  before  I  ever  told  the  United  Railroad — as  a  matter  of  fact 
that  has  been  going  on,  the  three  or  four  thousand  a  day,  not  this  year, 
but  for  several  years. 

Q.     That  3  or  4  thousand  a  day  is  a  pretty  substantial  fact? 

A.     That   is   a  substantial  fact. 

Q.     Applying  for  work? 

A.  And  if  they  don't  get  it  one  day  the  same  men  come  back  to- 
morrow and  keep  on  coming  until  they  get  work  or  get  work  some- 
where else. 

Q.  The  number  of  your  applicants  for  last  year  then  was  between 
one  million  and  a  million  and  a  quarter  of  men? 

A.     I  have  not  figured  that  up. 

Q.     That  is  leaving  Sundays  out. 

A.  Well,  I  have  a  lot  of  writing  and  other  things  to  do  on  Sun- 
days, that  I  don't  have  time  on  other  days  to  do. 

Q.  How  many  clerks  do  you  have  to  handle  this  million  and  a 
quarter  of  applicants? 

A.  All  of  them  don't  go  inside  and  ask  about  the  job.  I  said 
three  or  four  thousand  go  there  a  day  seeking  employment.  They  come 
right  down  there  and  pick  out  our  bulletin  of  labor  (that  we  published 
every  day — I  believe  I  have  one  in  my  pocket.  I  don't  know  how  many 
come  in  there  every  day.  As  a  matter  of  fact  between  four  and  five 
thousand  of  these  bulletins  are  taken  from  our  office  a  day  by  the  appli- 
cants who  apply  for  work. 

Q.  Some  of  these  demogogues  may  take  (them  to  destroy  them  in 
job  lots? 

A.  If  they  only  take  a  dozen  at  a  time  and  put  them  in  places 
that  are  good  it  is  advertising  us. 

Q.  It  is  now  six  minutes  of  three — how  many  men  are  in  your 
office  looking  for  work? 

A.     I  could  not  state  positively — I  could  give  you  my  opinion. 

Q.     Go  ahead. 

A.  At  the  present  time  I  should  say  there  are  about  three  hund- 
red in  the  general  office  reading  the  bulletins  and  looking  around. 

Q.  Of  the  million  and  a  quarter  men  who  applied  for  work  this 
last  year,  you  succeeded  in  getting  employment  for  how  many? 

A.     Forty-five  thousand. 

Q.     To  a  man? 

A.     No,  I  think  45,300  and  some  odd — the  books  will  tell  that. 

Q.     You  could  bring  your  books  down  here? 

A.  I  don't  know  that  I  would  care  to,  I  don't  care  about  every- 
body looking  into  my  private  books. 

Q.  These  books  contain  nothing  that  is  not  strictly  truthful,  and 
it  is  explanatory  of  what  you  say? 

A.     They  contain  nothing  only  what  I  have  stated  here  to  be  facts. 

Q.     The  books  will  show  these  45,300  and  odd  persons  last  year? 

A.     You  will  find  the  names  of  these,  yes. 

Q.  Of  these  one  million  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  men, 
how  many  of  these  men  come  back?  On  an  average  how  many  men  will 
come  back  to-morrow  seeking  employment  again? 

A.  They  will  come  back  until  they  find  it  or  go  to  the  United 
Railroads  to  see  if  they  can  give  them  a  job  on  their  cars.  They  are 
after  work.  That  is  the  reason  that  they  come  to  us.  A  man  comes  to 
us  and  he  pays  us  something  for  a  fee. 

Q.     You  get  a  fee  from  every  one  that  registers? 

A.  We  do  not  charge  until  the  man  has  got  the  work — before  a 
man  is  given  work  there  is  no  fee  to  pay. 

22 


O'    T!-'E 

UNIVERSITY 

OF 


Q.     You  have  to  do  that  under  the  law  of  California? 

A.     Thank  Heaven  I  agree  with  you  there. 

MB.  MOOBE:  You  and  Mr.  Livernash  seem  to  be  falling  into  the 
old  heathen  idea  of  pluralizing  Heaven. 

MB.  LIVEBNASH:  We  are  doing  all  kinds  of  things  with  Heaven 
here  this  afternoon,  certainly. 

Q.  The  supply  of  labor  in  San  Francisco,  you  say,  is  greater  than 
the  demand  therefor? 

A.     Yes,  the  supply  of  ordinary  labor  is  greater  than  the  demand. 

Q.  Why  do  you  advertise  that  the  men  are  coming  around  to 
your  place? 

A.  I  will  answer  that.  The  supply  of  ordinary  labor  is  greater 
than  the  demand— they  are  seeking  work  in  San  Francisco,  sir.  We 
have  come  to  a  state  of  affairs  in  San  Francisco  today  where  there  is 
men  coming  from  all  parts  of  the  United  States  seeking  to  work  right 
in  Ban  Francisco,  and  they  are  waiting  and  waiting  right  here  to  go  to 
work,  but  no,  there  is  ten,  fifteen  to  twenty  dollars  to  put  up  to  join 
a  union,  and  unless  they  can  find  that  they  cannot  get  employment, 
they  have  to  go  out  in  the  country  to  work  upon  farms — they  can't  go 
to  work  in  San  Francisco. 

Q.     Do  you  want  to  deliver  another  speech? 

A.     No,  sir,  but  I  have  answered. 

Q.  Then  the  reason  that  there  is  a  great  army  of  men  hanging 
around  your  establishment  is  because  there  are  trade  unions  here? 

A.     Yes.  you  have  struck  the  key-note. 

Q.     So  the  foundation  of  your  personal  success  is  the  trade  union? 

A.  Labor  unions  have  made  me  rich,  but  at  the  expense  of  the 
laboring  working  man  who  has  been  driven  to  go  to  the  country. 

Q.  I  am  surprised  that  a  man  of  such  lofty  notions  as  yourself 
would  permit  himself  to  become  rich. 

A.  They  are  maaking  me  rich  and  I  will  ride  in  my  carriage 
some  day  if  I  keep  on  like  I  am  going  now. 

Q.     You  are  paying  taxes  upon  it,  of  course? 

A.  I  don't  know  about  paying  taxes — a  man  can  put  his  money 
in  the  crock  and  put  it  away. 

Q.  But  certainly  a  truthful  man  like  you  wouldn't  give  a  false 
statement  to  the  assessor? 

A.  I  don't  say  I  am  paying  taxes — I  am  not  going  to  say  about 
that — in  fact,  I  may  be  so  generous  as  to  give  it  to  the  poor.  I  might 
have  poor  relatives  in  the  old  country  and  send  it  to  them. 

Q.     Well,  you  are  getting  rich? 

A.     Yes,   I   am  getting  rich. 

Q.     And  are  rich  now? 

A.     Rather  than  answer  that  we  will  let  that  pass  by. 

Q.     You  are  not  afraid  of  Mr.  Dodge. 

A.  Not  a  bit — the  assessor  is  a  good  man  to  have  in  this  city  or 
community,  or  any  other  city  or  community — we  have  got  to  have  them 

Q.  The  effect  of  the  trade  union  movement  here  is  to  prevent  men 
getting  employment  because  they  have  not  money  enough  to  become 
members  of  the  union,  is  that  it,  and  that  is  why  the  labor  market  is 
congested  in  <the  way  in  which  you  have  given  testimony  here? 

A.  That  is  why  the  labor  market  here  today  is  congested  with 
men — San  Francisco — they  come  here  seeking  employment,  and  they 
find  out  when  they  come  here  that  they  have  got  to  put  up  ten  or  fifteen 
dollars,  and  there  are  plenty  of  men  here  that  cannot  join  the  union 
because  they  have  not  got  the  money  in  the  first  place,  and  they  are 
forced  to  go  out  in  the  country  to  make  their  living. 

Q.  The  great  mass  of  these  men  who  apply  at  your  establishment 
are  non-union  men,  are  they? 

A.  That  is  a  difficult  question  for  me  to  answer,  Mr.  Livernash, 
because  I  never  ask  a  man,  are  you  a  union  man  or  non-union. 

Q.  But  you  say  the  reason  of  these  great  droves  of  men  around 
your  establishment  is  because  the  men  have  not  money  enough  to  join 
the  unions,  therefore  you  Must  fccliere  that  the  mass  are  not  union 
men? 

28 


A.  The  majority  are  not  union  men,  and  the  majority  of  the 
working  men  in  the  United  States  today  are  not  union  men — most  of 
the  employees,  female  and  male,  are  not  union;  and  I  believe  you 
could  give  me  the  figures  if  you  wanted  to. 

Q.  I  wouldn't  think  of  juggling  figures  with  you — you  are  such 
a  master  of  the  art.  You  don't  go  a  cent  on  trade  unionism  then? 

A.  Yes,  trade  unions  are  right,  but  only  when  purged  of  dema- 
gogues and  street  agitators,  and  these  leaders.  They  are  right  when 
they  are  banded  together  for  the  benefit  of  their  craft — of  their  trade, 
that  they  may  work  better  with  their  hands  and  brains  and  at  the  same 
time  -give  their  employees  better  service,  and  band  together  in  fraternal 
organizations;  but  when  they  interfere  with  your  and  my  business 
they  are  wrong,  sir. 

Q.     Are   they   interfering  with   your   business? 

A.     They  are  trying  .to  do  so. 
Q.     Getting  you  arrested  and  things  like  that? 

A.  They  advertise  me  and  I  am  making  money  by  their  doing  it. 
They  are  turning  the  great  wealth  of  the  corporations  into  the  hands 
of  Murray  &  Ready  today  by  doing  it.  It  is  not  right,  though — just 
because  they  are  doing  it  it  is  not  right.  They  put  a  boycott  upon  my 
place  because  I  send  men  up  to  the  Union  Lumber  Company.  The  cor- 
porations look  upon  that'  and  say,  "Here  is  Murray  &  Ready  being 
boycotted — what  are  they  getting  boycotted  for?"  They  stop  to  think 
and  reason,  and  they  say  that  is  not  right,  and  they  turn  their  custom 
over  to  me,  and  I  today  am  making  money  out  of  that.  I  am  getting 
more  business  in  San  Francisco  today  than  I  would  have  had  had  it 
not  been  for  the  boycott  they  put  in  front  of  my  door. 

Q.  Then  you  are  getting  a  disproportionate  percentage  of  the 
trade? 

A.  I  am  getting  a  larger  percentage  of  trade  today  than  I  would 
have  got  had  the  unions  not  started  to  boycott  me. 

Q.     The  Labor  Council  has  a  boycott  on  your  house  now? 

A.  Not  that  I  know  of,  but  the  City  Front  Federation,  I  believe, 
fa  as. 

MB.  MOORE:     Is  your  place  boycotted? 

A.  It  is  boycotted.  In  front  there  is  a  man  who  has  got  a 
worn  out,  weather-beaten  sign — it  looks  as  if  he  ought  to  have  a  new 
one.  But  Murray  &  Ready  does  not  give  a  continental  for  any  boycott, 
we  will  send  men  to  the  Union  Lumber  Company  or  any  other  company. 

ME.  MOORE:     The  Union  Lumber  Company  has  a  strike  on? 

A.  A  strike  or  lock-out,  and  they  come  to  me  and  want  me  to 
supply  them  with  help,  and  I  will  supply  any  man  that  ever  lives  that 
pays  his  help  and  treats  them  right — I  will  do  it  as  long  as  I  live. 

MR.  LIVERNASH:     I  hope  you  won't  do  it  afterwards. 

A.  Well,  I  may  be  in  that  business  in  the  other  world,  higher  up, 
but  you,  Mr.  Livernash,  will  not  be  an  applicant  for  a  position  up 
there. 

Q.     Well,  you  will  be  very  far  down  in  the  basement. 

A.     Well,  I  will  have  others  with  me. 

Q.  I  hope  you  don't  mean  Mr.  Moore.  Now,  let  me  read  this 
from  your  advertisement — you  write  these  advertisements,  do  you? 

A.  You  have  struck  the  key-note  to  that — that  is  what  keeps  me 
down  working  till  10  o'clock  at  night. 

Q.     You  are  pretty  well  pleased  with  them  yourself? 

A.     Well,  it  would  be  out  of  place  for  me  to  say  that. 

Q.     I  am  reading  from  the  Examiner  of  August  3rd,  1903. 

A.     Today's  issue? 

Q.  Yes,  sir.  Your  first  advertisement  in  the  column  from  which 
I  am  reading  contains  this  statement:  "Thousands  going" — where  ar« 
these  thousands  going? 

A.  The  advertisement  calls,  does  it  not,  for  Utah,  Nevada,  Cen- 
tral America  and  Oregon. 

Q.     Every  place  but  the  moon. 

A.     It  contains  the  places  we  are  shipping  to-day. 

Q.     You  are  shipping  to-day  to  all  these  places? 

A.     To-day   or   to-morrow — whenever   the  steamers    or   trains    go. 

24 


We  are  shipping  to  Utah  and  Nevada  to-day,  and  Arizona  to-night  aiid 
Oregon  to-day.  I  can't  tell  you  where  \ve  are  shipping  to,  we  are  ship- 
ping to  so  many  places. 

Q.     Shipping  to  a  million  places? 

A.     To  many  places. 
Q.     I  wondered  if  you  were  slipping  up  a  cog. 

A.     No;  I  am  not  trying  to  slip  up  a  cog. 

Q.     There  is  just  thousands  of  men  moving? 

A.  There  are  thousands  going — I  don't  say  to-day.  Would  you 
like  to  know  how  many  men  we  shipped  last  year  to  one  place? 

Q.     I  would,  but  I  wouldn't  like  to  try  your  figures. 

A.  We  shipped  8000  men  to  Utah  and  Nevada  for  the  construction 
of  the  railroad  on  that  seven-million-dollar  contract  in  Utah  and 
Nevada.  We  shipped  them  in  one  deal.  You  don't  need  to  take 
Murray  &  Ready's  figures  at  all — the  S.  P.  passes  will  prove  that. 

Q.  I  have  not  been  able  to  find  any  way  to  learn  about  the  S.  P. 
passes. 

A.  They  issue  them  to  me  every  day  in  the  week  and  every  hour 
of  the  day  when  we  have  orders  for  help  from  differing  departments 
of  the  S.  P.,  C.  P.  R.  R.  We  first  get  the  help,  then  the  passes. 

Q.     Every  hour? 

A.     That  is  true — that  is,  my  business  hours. 

Q.     Every    hour    in    the    day    they    send    you    down    a    bunch    of 


A.  No;  I  go  there  and  get  them.  They  are  respectfully  issued 
to  ils  by  the  gentlemen,  heads  of  departments. 

Q.     Every  hour? 

A.  If  I  am  ready — I  can  get  them  any  minute  during  their  busi- 
ness hours. 

Q.     They  are  just  there  on  tap? 

A.  They  are  on  tap  for  me  to  go  and  send  the  men  they  want  to 
different  places,  but,  of  course,  they  are  not  there  for  people  with  kid 
gloves  who  want  to  ride — they  are  there  for  working  men. 

•Q.     You  advertise  for  666  men  in  this  Examiner  for  the  Southern 
Pacific  Railroad  divisions? 

A.     For  the  different  railroad  departments. 

Q.     Just   666? 

A.     There  were  666  wanted  when  I  closed  my  books  up,  yes. 

Q.  How  long  has  that  advertisement  asking  for  those  666  men 
been  running? 

A.  I  don't  know;  I  could  not  say.  There  may  be  seven  hundred  or 
eight  hundred  wanted  at  this  very  minute — the  orders  pour  into  my 
office  every  minute  of  the  day. 

Q.     Just  a  stream  of  orders  ? 

A.  Yes,  sir;  for  the  S.  P.  Company  they  are  streaming  in  there 
right  along. 

MR.   MOORE:      For  laborers  for   railroad  construction? 

A.     Yes,  sir;  and  other  work. 

MB.  LIVERNASH:     Every  minute  of  the  day? 

A.     Every  minute  of  the  day — for  section  gangs  and  laborers. 

Q.     About  a  hundred? 

A.  I  don't  know  whether  by  the  hundred  or  by  the  thousand,  but 
we  often  get  orders  for  a  hundred  at  a  lick. 

Q.  Why  don't  you  send  out  more  than  two  or  three  hundred  men 
a  day? 

A.  Because  all  good  laboring  men  don't  want  to  work  for  $1.60 
to  $1.70  a  day. 

Q.     A  laboring  man  is  worth  more  than  $1.60  a  day,  is  he? 

A.     Yes,  sir;  some  are  worth  more. 

Q.     That  is  a  dreadful  wage  rate,  is  it  not? 

A.  I  don't  know — a  man  is  worth  what  he  earns,  providing  he  is 
all  right  he  will  earn  it  for  that  class  of  work. 

Q.     That  is  the  rate,  is  it? 

A.     That  is  the  rate  with  the  S.  P.  Company— $1.60  to  $1.70  a  day. 

Q.     And  board  themselves? 

A.     Board  themselves;  yes,  sir. 

25 


MB.  MOOSE:     Pick  and  shevel  work? 
A.     Yes,  sir;   and  construction;   $1.60. 

MB.  LIVEBNASH:     And  you  find  it  pretty  hard  to  get  men  for  that? 
A.      Yes;  it  is  generally  pretty  hard  to  get  men  for  $1.60. 
Q.    They  don't  want  to  work  for  that? 

A.  Not  at  this  season  of  the  year.  In  the  winter  time  they  will 
work  for  it. 

Q.     What  do  they  want? 

A.     They  are  looking  for  the  highest  wages  paid. 

Q.     What  are  the  highest  wages  paid? 

A.     For  what  class  of  work? 

Q.     We  are  still  talking  about  this  same  gang  of  men. 

A.     Skilled  or  unskilled  labor? 

Q.     We  have  not  at  any  time  been  talking  of  skilled  labor. 

A.  Well,  unskilled  labor  in  some  places  is  higher  and  some  less. 
In  Utah  it  is  higher  than  in  California  in  some  classes  of  work — it 
depends  on  what  part  of  California.  You  are  well  up  on  the  railroad 
question. 

Q.     But  you  see,  I  am  a  demagogue. 

A.  You  are  a  demagogue  all  right,  since  you  admit  it.  In  the 
extreme  southern  portion  of  this  State,  where  it  is  very,  very  warm, 
and  labor  is  scarce,  then  labor  is  scarce,  then  labor  is  dear;  but  where 
labor  is  plentiful  and  there  is  no  conditions  to  stop  a  man  from  seek- 
ing employment — that  is,  this  union  racket  business  that  we  have  been 
speaking  about,  then  we  could  get  labor  at  less  figures.  Some  parts  of 
California  they  pay  more  than  they  do  in  others. 

Q.     Where  there  is  a  big  supply  of  men  the  wages  are  down? 

A.  Yes ;  and  where  the  climatic  conditions  are  favorable,  also — 
then  wages  are  less  than  they  would  be  in  other  places;  for  instance, 
in  Arizona,  or  Fresno,  or  Bakersfield,  or  any  warm  climate  where  it 
is  pretty  hard  work,  you  know  wages  are  high. 

Q.  Here  in.  San  Francisco  where  these  great  ranks  of  men  are 
steadily  moving  in  an  endless  procession,  it  is  strange,  is  it  not,  to*  find 
men  unwilling  to  work  for  $1.60? 

A.  I  have  never  said  that  no  man  was  unwilling  to  work  for  $1.60 
in  San  Francisco.  I  told  you  that  thousands  of  men — not  hundreds, 
but  thousands,  come  here 

Q.     Hundreds  of  thousands? 

A.  No,  sir;  but  thousands,  and  they  are  shut  out  and  told  "you 
can't  get  work  here,  go  out  in  the  country,  go  work  on  the  farms,  go  to 
pick  and  shovelling,  do  anything — but  there  is  nothing  here  for  you." 
They  shut  a  man  out  unless  he  belongs  to  their  clique  or  gang.  They 
st*p  the  workmen  or  any  citizen  of  the  United  States  unless  they  force 
them  to  do  as  they  say. 

Q.  So  the  $1.60  rate  would  not  have  any  application  here — the 
unions  would  not  stand  for  it? 

A.  I  don't  know  whether  the  unions  would  stand  for  it.  I  don't 
think  you  could  get  men  to  work  in  San  Francisco  for  $1.60. 

Q.     Even  if  there  were  no  unions? 

A.     If  there  were  no  unions. 

Q.  What  are  you  able  to  get  men  to  do  pick  and  shovel  work  in 
Ban  Francisco  for  now? 

A.  .  $2  and  $2.25,  $2  principally;  pick  and  shovel  on  the  streets, 
$2  a  day. 

Q.     How  many  hours  a  day? 

A.     Nine  and  ten. 

Q.     Most  of  them  nine? 

A.     No;  most  of  them  are  ten. 

Q.     The  men  who  work  ten  hours  are  scabs,  aren't  they? 

A.     I  told  you,  sir,  I  didn't  know  the  meaning  of  the  word  "scab." 

Q.     What  do  you  think  a  "scab"  does  mean? 

A.     I  would  like  to  know  it. 

Q.  Are  these  union  men  who  are  willing  to  work  at  pick  and 
shovel  work  for  ten  hours  a  day  here? 

A.    I  could  not  answer  that  question.     I  never  ask  a  man  whether 

2« 


he  is  union  or  non-union.     I  ask  him  if  he  is  a  pick  amd  skovel  man, 
and  if  he  wants  a  job,  and  if  he  says  yes,  he  takes  it. 

Q.  A  union  man  will  not  work  at  pick  and  shovel  work  for  ten 
hours,  will  he? 

A.     I   find  thousands  willing  to  work   in   San  Francisco  here  ] 
they  only  had  a  chance  to  work.     I  find  thousands  of  men  willing  to 
work  at  a  good  reasonable  rate  of  wages— just  longing  to  live  in  the 
City  and  County  of  San  Francisco,  if  they  could  get  work  here. 

Q.    How  many  people  cannot  get  work  here? 

A.     I   don't  know. 

Q.  Well,  you  have  been  throwing  your  big  figures  aroumd  here 
promiscuously. 

A.     Well,  you  asked  me  something  I  could  not  tell  yen. 

Q.     You  think  there  are  fifty  thousand? 

A.     Not  fifty  thousand — I  could  answer  that. 

Q.     Forty  thousand? 

A.     I  don't  think  there  are. 

Q.     Twenty-five  thousand? 

A.     I  don't  know. 

Q. ,  You  are  not  sure  there  are  not  25,000,  but  you  are  sure  there 
are  not  40,000? 

A.     I  am  sure  there  are  not  40,000;  yes. 

Q.     Are  you  sure  there  are  not  40,000? 

A.    I  am  sure  there  are  not  40,000;  yes. 

Q.     How  many  soup  kitchens  are  there  for  the  unemployed? 

A.  Well,  we  have  some  things  in  this  world  worse  than  coup 
kitchens.  There  are  no  soup  kitchens  thatl  know  of.  We  have  a 
whole  lot  of  organizations  in  San  Francisco,  and  rich  people,  and  not 
only  rich  people,  but  other  people  who  try  to  do  good — try  to  help  others 
and  who  are  putting  up  a  whole  lot  of  money  nowadays  to  help  people 
in  case  of  need  and  in  case  of  want — there  are  a  whole  lot  of  them 
paying  out  money  in  ithese  benevolent  societies. 

Q.  Is  there  a  greater  number  of  unemployed  unskilled  labor  in 
San  Francisco  now  than  there  was  a  year  ago? 

A.  More  unemployed  than  there  was  a  year  ago  at  this  timt; 
yes,  sir. 

Q.     How  many  more,  do  you  think? 

A.  I  could  not  answer.  I  know  there  is  more  than  there  was  ft 
year  ago. 

Q.     How   do  you  know  it? 

A.  Our  books  will  prove  that  there  is  more  applying  to  me  for 
work  to-day  than  there  was  this  time  last  year. 

Q.     We  want  you  to  bring  your  books  here  and  let  us  see. 

A.  I  certainly  object  to  bringing  my  books  here  to  this  place  or 
any  other  place  for  anybody  to  see,  other  than  one  man. 

Q.     Who  is  he? 

A,  The  Labor  Commissioner  of  California.  He  can  have  accesa 
to  my  books  and  can  look  over  them  any  time  he  wishes  to. 

Q.     That  is  because  you  can't  help  yourself. 

A.     That  is  because  I  like  him  to  look  over  them. 

Q.     He  has  that  right  anyway. 

A.     All  right;  grant  that  he  has,  sir. 

Q.  I  notice  you  advertise  here  for  386  laborers  "no  experience 
required." 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     $60  and  $75  a  month? 

A.     Correct. 

Q.     How  many  days  off  a  month  for  them? 

A.     Thirty  days  in  a  month  for  a  great  many  of  them. 

Q.     How  many  days  off  for  these  men  in  a  month? 

A.  No  days  off  at  all.  They  work  every  day,  including  Sumdays — 
some  of  them. 

Q.     Every  one  of  them? 

A.     Not  every  one  of  them. 

Q.    How  many? 

27 


A.  I  eould  not  say;  I  don't  know.  You  don't  want  me  to  give 
you  a  rough  guess  at  anything,  do  you — you  want  facts? 

A.     That  is  what  I  am  trying  to  give  you,  sir. 

Q.     No;  I  want  that  fine  measure  of  accuracy  you  possess. 

Q.     Well,  we  have  at  last  found  one  thing  you  don't  know. 

A.     I   don't  know  that. 

A.  There  are  jobs  set  down  in  the  advertisement  at  $70  a  month. 
Where  are  they? 

A.  I  know  where  some  of  them  are — they  are  going  to  work  on 
fehe  levees  and  cutting  tules.  For  that  kind  of  work  they  get  $60  a 
month  and  fare  up  there.  It  is  up  on  the  Sacramento  River. 

Q.  With  these  thousands  of  men  that  can't  get  work  here  because 
of  the  labor  unions,  it  ought  not  to  take  you  long  to  get  386  laborers 
with  no  experience  required,  at  $60  or  $70  a  month. 

A.     All  men  are  not  seeking  pick  and  shovel  jobs. 

Q.     It  does  not  appear  from  this  that  they  are  pick  and  shovel  jobs. 

A.     It  says  "laborers." 

Q.     Every  man  who  labors  is  not  a  pick  and  shovel  man? 

A.     No;    because   a    street-car   conductor    is    a    laborer. 

Q.     How   do  you   know    it? 

A.  Because  I  have  hired  hundreds  of  them  that  run  street  cars — 
I  have  hired  them  as  waiters  and  farm  hands. 

Q.     You  hired  hundreds? 

A.  Not  hundreds — I  will  say  a  hundred — a  hundred  men  now 
right  on  the  street  cars  in  San  Francisco,  in  my '  sixteen  years'  ex- 
perience in  San  Francisco.  I  got  them  different  positions  in  different 
parts  of  the  State;  some  as  pick  and  shovel  men  and  some  as  farm 
hands.  It  doesn't  prevent  a  man  running  a  car  because  he  has  been 
been  a  pick  and  shovel  man. 

Q.     WThat  do  you  know  about  running  a  car? 

A.     I  know  it  wouldn't  take  me  very  long  to  learn. 

Q.     Half  an  hour? 

A.     No;  a  day  or  two  days. 

Q.     Two  days? 

A.     Yes. 

Q.     How  do  you  know  you  could  run  a  car  in  two  days. 

A.     Because  any  man  with  common  sense  and  willingness  could. 

Q.     Are  you  sure  you  have  common  sense? 

A.  I  don't  know  whether  I  would  have  to  go  before  a  doctor,  or 
or  whether  he  would  have  to  examine  me.  I  think  I  am  rational,  and 
in  this  respect  I  think  I  have  an  advantage  over  some  people.  Do  you 
catch  on? 

Q.  In  two  days  any  man  of  common  sense;  and  you  are  of  that 
class? 

A.     I  am. 

Q.     Could  run  a  street  car? 

A.  I  don't  say  that  I  wouldn't  -be  able  to  do  it  better  in  a  year 
than  the  first  time  I  started  in. 

Q.  The  fact  is,  there  is  not  much  of  anything  you  couldn't  do, 
is  there? 

A.  I  say,  sir,  that  a  man  who  has  got  sufficient  brain,  and  will 
educate  those  brains  up  to  the  standpoint,  he  can  simply  lift  himself 
and  do  thousands  of  things  that  he  didn't  do  before. 

Q.     Thousands    of   things? 

A.  Yes ;  thousands  of  things.  I  say  you,  yourself,  if  you  chose 
to  educate  your  brain  and  educate  it  in  a  certain  line  of  business,  could 
do  thousands  of  things. 

Q.     I  wouldn't   educate  my  brain  for  anything. 

A.     Probably  not. 

Q.     I  think  that  is  very  dangerous. 

A.  I  don't  think  the  educating  of  your  brain  is  a  dangerous  pro- 
position— I  think  it  is  good. 

Q.     You  think  it  would  be  all  right  for  me  to  educate  my  brain! 

A.     I  don't  say  you  are  not  educated  already,  sir.  t 

Q.     Now,  you  advertise  for  186  drillmen? 

A.     That  is  correct. 

28 


Q.     What  does  a  driller  have  to  do? 

A.  A  driller  is  a  man  who  has  to  work  in  a  tunnel  or  a  min« 
or  a  class  of  work  amongst  stone. 

Q.     What  do  you  pay  him? 

A.  In  some  places  $2.25  a  day;  in  quarries,  $2.25  and  $2.50. 
In  other  places  they  get  $90  a  month,  according  to  where  he  works 
and  what  kind  of  work  he  does.  In  mines  drillmen  get  $70  a  month 
and  some  $75.  In  quarries  in  and  around  San  Francisco,  $2.25  a  day, 
up  to  $2.50. 

Q.  Let  me  read  you  some  of  the  persons  you  are  advertising  for 
ki  this  one  advertisement  in  the  Examiner,  August  3,  1903.  You  want, 
according  to  this  advertisement,  thousands  of  men  - 

A.     Does  it  say  thousands? 

Q.     It  says  "thousands  going;"  I  suppose  you  want  them. 

A.     It  says  "thousands  going." 

Q.     They  are  going  without  being  wanted? 

A.  But  that  means  all  the  way  down  the  line  —  thousands  are 
wanted  in  every  business,  but  not  altogether  in  one  job. 

Q.     The  next  call  is  for  666  men? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     That  is  for  the  Southern  Pacific  Division? 

A.     Well,  we  have  had  that  once. 

Q.  The  next  you  want  is  155  Italians,  and  for  some  marvelous 
reason  you  want  just  155  Greeks,  and  by  some  similarity  of  fact  you 
want  155  Austraians.  In  addition  to  those  you  want  ten  machine 
miners  ? 

A.     Correct. 

Q.  You  want  186  miners,  single  and  double  hand;  machine  men, 
muckers,  timber  men,  and  furnace  men;  and  you  want  386  laborers 
for  which  no  experience  is  required? 

A.     Correct. 

Q.  You  want  186  drillers,  and  12  laborers  for  a  mine,  12  men  for 
stables,  125  men  for  farms,  250  men  for  orchards,  65  men  for  dairies, 
36  men  and  boys  for  chores? 

A,     Correct. 

Q.  63  men  for  hay,  harvest,  36  fruit  pickers,  39  teamsters,  555 
laborers,  and  a  lot  of  men,  no  numbers  mentioned  for  coachmen,  gard- 
eners, private  choremen,  68  blacksmiths,  9  helpers,  12  bench  hands, 
9  carpenters,  5  plasterers,  5  machinists,  carriage  makers,  12  coopers, 
9  brick  molders,  995  laborers  for  whom  no  experience  is  wanted,  186 
experienced  mill  and  yard  men,  383  woodsmen,  stickermen,  spoolten- 
ders,  buckers,  trackmen,  blacksmith  and  wood  turners,  barkers  and  car 
loaders,  jackscrewers,  log  loaders,  shingle  sawyers,  Dolbeer  loggers, 
earriage  setters,  swampers  and  rimmers,  gang  edgermen,  oilers  and 
engineers,  saw  filers,  pond  men,  band  sawyers,  carriage  loggers,  chain 
tenders,  shingle  packers,  jointers,  chute  builders,  386  woodchoppers, 
and  so  forth;  57  cooks,  18  waiters,  36  pot  and  dishwashers,  18  bell 
and  elevator  boys,  porter,  second  cook  for  mine,  21  laundrymen,  6 
bakers  and  helpers,  12  boys  to  learn  trades,  12  boys  for  a  box  factory, 
15  laborers  general  work,  2  screw  setters,  2  off  bearers,  10  cross- 
cutters  for  woods  work,  25  laborers  to  pile  lumber,  9  carpenters  to 
build  barns,  sheds,  and  so  forth  ;  6  carpenters  for  factory,  25  men 
amongst  fruits,  25  laborers,  big  lumber  trust;  26  teamsters,  laborers 
and  axmen,  3  machinists,  5  laborers,  2  laborers  to  run  cars,  mine;  2 
stablemen,  city  job;  bakef  for  city  institution,  2  laborers  to  run  car* 
in  mine,  4  men  about  threshing  outfit,  stableman,  wash  cans;  butcher, 
waiter,  milker,  bar-tender,  2  carriage  setters,  6  hay-makers,  black- 
smith, 3  furnace  men  for  mine,  3  carpenters,  painter  and  tinter,  assayer, 
gold  mine;  6  drillers,  4  muckers."  Are  all  these  persons  wanted  by 


you 


A.     They  are,  .  sir,  every  one  of  them. 
Q.     Out  of  these  thousands  of  persons   applying  you  obtain 
ployment  for  how  many? 

A.     I  guess  we  find  employment  for  seven  hundred  people. 
Q.     Of  whom  you  will  send  out  of  the  city  over  200? 
A.     We  will  send  out  of  the  city  650  of  them. 
29 


Q.     To-day? 

A.  Yes.  If  we  get  thirty  employment  to-day  in  the  City  and 
County  of  San  Francisco  we  have  done  a  big  thing — if  we  get  thirty 
out  of  seven  hundred  people  that  we  have  found  employment  for  we  have 
done  a  big  business. 

Q.  Out  of  the  three  or  four  thousand  men  who  have  applied 
or  will  apply  before  the  day  is  over,  you  will  obtain  positions  for  only 
about  thirty  in  this  city? 

A.  In  this  city,  about  thirty  people ;  and  I  would  question  whether 
we  have  found  even  thirty. 

Q.     Is  that  a  fair  average? 

A.     That  would  be  a  good  average  per  day. 

Q.     For  all  sorts? 

A.  In  this  city  for  everything — skilled  and  unskilled — no  female 
help — male  help  we  are  speaking  of. 

Q.  That  has  been  a  fair  average  for  the  employment  for  the  last 
year? 

A.     A  fair  average  for  the  last,  say,  year. 

Q.     Thirty  a  day,  skilled  and  unskilled? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.  That  is  less  than  10,000  of  your  45,000  that  you  give  employ- 
ment to  in  San  Francisco? 

A.     Yes. 

Q.  And  of  the  35,000  others  you  have  given  employment  to  in  the 
interior  of  this  State  or  other  States? 

A.     In  the  country — the  Pacific  Coast. 

Q.  What  percentage  of  the  35,000  outside  of  San  Francisco  are 
given  employment  in  the  interior  of  this  State? 

A.  That  is  a  hard  question  to  answer,  because  we  ship  to  Oregon, 
Washington,  Utah,  Nevada,  Arizona,  Hawaiian  Islands.  Of  course, 
the  mass  of  them  are  in  the  State  of  California. 

Q.     Would  you  think  as  many  as  30,000  in  California? 

A.  No;  I  don't  think  that — it  could  not  be  30,000;  I  would  not 
be  so  sure  of  that. 

Q.  Do  you  think  as  many  as  25,000  of  these  35,000  were  given 
employment  in  California?  , 

A.     I  should  say  that  was  about  it. 

Q.  Then  your  45,000  of  last  year  was  made  up  in  this  way:  Not 
more  than  10,000  in  San  Francisco,  skilled  and  unskilled,  and 
25,000  in  the  State  other  than  San  Francisco? 

A.     I  think  somewhere  along  there. 

Q.  There  is  not  much  of  a  movement  then  from  the  interior  to  San 
Francisco,  if  you  find  it  easy  to  place  25,000  persons  in  a  year  in  the 
interior  of  the  State — the  movement  is  from  the  city  to  the  country 
instead  of  from  the  country  to  the  city? 

A.  The  movement  is  from  the  East.  A  great  mass  of  labor  comes 
from  the  East  and  of  course  it  touches  San  Francisco  first  and  they 
try  to  get  work  in  the  city,  and,  failing  to  do  it,  they  go  into  the 
interior. 

Q.  Then  the  interior  instead  of  having  a  surplus  of  labor,  absorbs 
this  25,000  a  year? 

A.     Yes ;  and  more  than  that  if  'they  could  be  got. 

Q.  25,000  you  placed  this  year,  and  you  didn't  place  more  because 
there  were  not  more  applicants? 

A.  I  didn't  place  more  because  there  were  no  more  applicants 
to  go  to  the  country. 

Q.     You  could  have  placed  more? 

A.  50,000  more  in  the  interior  of  the  State  if  there  had  been 
applicants.  I  could  do  that  to-day  provided  I  could  get  the  applicants 
for  to-morrow. 

Q.     San  Francisco  is  the  distributing  point  from  the  East? 

A.     Yes. 

Q.  Men  coming  from  the  East  use  this  as  a  distributing  point 
to  scatter  over  the  Pacific  Coast  States? 

A.    Yes. 

30 


Q.  You  handle  this  large  number  of  pereeae  because  there  is  a 
steady  stream  from  the  East;  it  is  not  a  local  labor  supply. 

A.  Well,  of  course,  it  is  this  way:  Some  of  the  classes  we  call 
traveling  public,  for  instance,  you  take  the  miners  and  farmers  and  th*t 
class  of  labor,  they  get  tired  of  the  country  and  want  to  come  to  San 
Francisco;  and  then  they  are  here  for  a  few  days  or  a  few  weeks — 
they  quit  the  job  in  the  part  of  the  country  they  are  and  want  to  see 
if  they  can  get  a  job  in  another  part  of  the  country,  and  they  come  to 
San  Francisco.  Then  a  great  number  of  country  people,  especially 
farmers'  sons,  unfortunately  for  them,  too,  they  come  to  San  Francisco 
and  want  to  locate  here  and  go  to  work  right  here,  but  they  can't  do  it; 
so  they  find  out  they  have  to  go  back  again  to  the  country — they  shift 
around,  and,  of  course,  the  immigration  from  the  East  is  large. 

Q.     These  laborers,  386,  whom  you  advertised  for  at  $60  to  70  a 
month — (are  they  for  the  interior  of  California  ? 
A.     Does  it  not  read  "for  city  and  country"? 
Q.     No;   it  does  not  say  that. 

A.  Well,  I  think  the  Etcaminer  has  left  it  out  then — it  should 
include  "city  and  country;"  of  course,  the  great  mass  are  for  the 
country. 

Q.  These  men  to  whom  you  give  $60  and  $75  a  month — you  will 
have  no  difficulty  in  filling  the  places,  will  you? 

A.  We  will  have  no  difficulty  in  filling  the  high-class  positions 
with  some  class  of  labor,  but  the  difficulty  is  to  fill  the  pick  and  shovel 
laborers.  % 

Q.     Men  don't  want  to  work  for  less  than  $2  a  day,  do  they? 
A.     Not  at  this  season  of  the  year;   the  supply  and  demand,  of 
course,  covers  that. 

Q.     They  want  $2  to  $2.50  a  day  for  it? 
A.     They  want  all  they  can  get,  I  guess. 

Q.  Well,  you  come  in  contact  with  these  men  and  understand 
what  they  want;  they  want  $2  and  $2.50  a  day,  don't  they? 

A.  If  it  is  a  short  job  they  want  more  wages  than  if  it  was  a 
steady  job.  A  man  wont  expect  as  much  on  a  steady  job  as  on  a  short 
job. 

Q.  What  is  the  ruling  rate  for  ten  hours  a  day  for  pick  and  shovel 
men — the  rate  at  which  you  can  get  men? 

A.     That  is   impossible  to  answer,  because  some  sections  of  the 
country  are  higher  and  some  less. 
Q.     Well,  San  Francisco? 
A.     San  Francisco,  $2  a  day. 

Q.     You  can't  get  men  for  that  for  pick  and  shovel  work,  can  you? 
A.     Well,  I  can  for  $1.75  a  day,  some  classes  of  work. 
Q.     What  classes  of  work? 
A.     Around  factories — any  hard  work. 
Q.     Have  you  within  the  last  month? 
A.     I  have  hired  them  to-day. 
Q.     What  are  the  names  of  some  of  them? 

A.  The  names  of  the  men  or  the  names  of  the  firms  I  am  sending 
to? 

Q.     The  firms. 

A.     I  don't  care  to  give  the  names  of  my  customers  away.    I  don't 
think  I  should  come  up  here  and  state  to  you  with  whom  we  are  doing 
business.     I  don't  think  that  would  be  doing  right. 
Q.     You  are  hiring  men  for  $1.75  a  day  to-day? 
A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     To  work  ten  hours  a  day? 
A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     An  ordinary  day's  labor? 
A.    Yes,  sir. 
Q.     How  many  of  them? 

A.  I  don't  remember.  I  can  remember  of  hiring  two  or  three 
myself. 

Q.     Give  me  the  names  of  these  men  you  hired. 

A.     I  could  not  tell  you  that.    They  are  on  the  books. 

Q.     Can't  you  give  any  names  to  me? 

31 


A.     I  can  if  you  wish  it. 

Q.     I  do. 

A.     Well,  your  wish  will  be  gratified. 

Q.  But  the  ruling  rate  here  is  $2  a  day  for  pick  and  shovel  work, 
in  this  town? 

A.  The  ruling  rate  is  $2  a  day.  In  all  .-that  kind  of  work  they 
board  themselves. 

Q.  In  this  kind  of  ordinary  pick  and  shovel  work  no  experience 
is  required? 

A.  No  experience  is  required.  You  require  a  good  strong  man — 
that  is  about  all.  Willingness  is  the  great  feature. 

Q.  Now,  you  advertise  for  39  teamsters  in  San  Francisco,  $22  a 
week,  $2  to  $2.50  a  day. 

A.  $2  and  $2.50  a  day — that  is  right.  Some  are  wanted  to  drive 
teams  in  San  Francisco,  $22  a  week;  $2  a  day  on  sand  wagons 

Q.     Do  the  sand  wagon  men  work  ten  hours  a  day? 

A.     Work  ten  hours  a  day. 

Q.     Union  men? 

A.  I  don't  know  anything  about  union  men,  eir.  I  don't  know 
any  distinction  between  man  and  man,  sir. 

Q.  Now,  give  me  the  name  of  some  man  that  works  for  $2  a  day 
and  more  than  eight  hours  a  day. 

A.  I  could  not  give  you  his  name  right  here.  I  could  give  plenty 
of  them  down  at  the  office — any  amount  of  them. 

Q.     Well,  give  me  some  of  these  names. 

A.  But  I  want  you  to  understand  me  that  I  am  not  going  to  giva 
you  the  names  of  the  employers. 

Q.     All  right. 

A.     Because  that  would  be  violating  confidence,  you  know. 

Q.     I  wouldn't  have  you  violate  a  confidence. 

A.     No. 

Q.     Because  I  want  you  to  make  a  good  success  of  your  business. 

A.     Thank  you. 

Q.  Men  working  in  the  hay  harvest  are  paid  $1.50  and  $2.50  a 
day  and  found? 

A.     Yes;   that  is  correct. 

Q.  And.  men  who  work  at  fruit  picking  are  paid  $26  a  month 
and  found? 

A.     Correct. 

Q.  You  advertise  here  for  555  laborers  l«i  the  country  at  $2  ana 
$2.50  a  day.  How  does  it  happen  that  they  are  getting  so  much? 

A.  $2  is  what  they  have  been  getting  a  day  in  San  Francisco  here. 
$2.50  for  classes  of  work  that  is  worth  more  than  $2 — for  instance, 
cutting  tulea  up  on  the  river,  they  are  standing  in  the  water  all  day 
long;  that  is  worth  more  than  anything  else. 

Q.     Then  it  is  $2  in  both  country  and  city. 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.  Men  are  not  working  for  less  in  the  city  than  they  are  in  th» 
country,  are  they? 

A.  Well,  taking  an  average  all  around  and  they  would  be  getting 
less  wages  here  than  in  the  country. 

A.     Yes,  I  do  know,  sir — that  is  plainly  answered.    They  have  not 

Q.  Why  don't  they  go  to  the  country  then,  do  you  know? 
the  accomodations  in  the  country  they  have  in  the  city — they  haven't 
got  what  they  want.  They  want  to  be  the  same  as  you  and  I  do.  They 
want  to  live  among  civilization  once  in  a  while  and  go  to  the  theatre 
and  see  their  friends  and  elevate  themselves.  They  can't  do  that  on  a 
ranch — that  is  the  reason  why.  .That  is  the  reason  that  all  cities 
grow  as  they  do.  They  strike  from  the  farms  to  the  city.  Of  course, 
you  know  thai  without  my  mentioning  it. 

Q.     Thank  you  for  the  sociological   lecture. 
A.     Well,  you  asked  me  and  I  answered  it,  air. 
Q.     Blacksmith*  a&  $3  a  day  for  the  country? 
A.    Yea,  sir. 

Q.  Of  course,  you  don't  know  whether  any  of  tfcose  men  are  union 
or  non-union? 


A.     I  know  of  no  distinction  between  man  and  man. 
Q.     You  know  no  distinction  between  a  demagogue  and  the  other 
fellow? 

A.     Yes,  I  do. 

Q.  You  want  68  blacksmiths  at  $3  a  day.  How  long  will  it  tak« 
you  to  supply  68  blacksmiths  at  $3  a  day? 

A.  It  is  owing  to  the  condition  of  the  labor  market.  It  will  tak* 
.some  time  at  this  season  of  the  year. 

Q.     Blacksmith's  helpers  at  $2  a  day  now? 
A.     Some,  and  some  get  more,  sir. 
Q.     How  much  more? 

A.  From  $1.75  to  $2.25  a  day — it  is  according  to  the  years  ex- 
perience he  has  had. 

Q.     Plasterers  $5.  50  a  day— is  that  right? 
A.     If  it  states  it  there  it  is  correct. 

Q.  Brickmolders  $2.50  a  day.  Do  you  have  any  difficulty  in 
getting  brickmolders  at  that? 

A.  Yes ;  I  guess  we  have  great  difficulty  in  getting  brickmolders 
at  $2.50. 

Q.     Here  is  a  bunch  of  laborers  wanted,  995,  no  experience? 
A.     Yes,  sir. 
Yes,  sir. 

Q.     $35  to  $70  a  month  and  found? 
A.     For  the  lumber  trust — that  is  for  the  lumber  trust. 
Q.  %No  experience   is   required? 

A.  None  whatever.  They  are  to  go  in  the  mountains  and  handle 
lumber.  All  that  is  wanted  is  a  laboring  man  with  strength  and  with 
a  pair  of  hands  walling  to  work — that  is  all  they  want  of  him — to  do 
what  he  is  told. 

Q.     Mill  and  yard  men,  that  is  around  the  sawmills? 
A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.  You  offer  from  $40  to  $150  a  month  and  found.  That  is  right, 
is  it? 

A.  There  are  different  classes  of  labor.  They  range  from  men 
to  pile  lumber  to  a  man  to  run  the  mill. 

MB  MOORE:  These  lumbering  regions  are  very  remote  from  San 
Francisco,  are  they  not  ? 

A.  Yes,  sir;  Mendocino  County,  Shasta  County  and  Sonoma 
County. 

ME.  LIVERNASH  :  Mendocino  County  is  not  remote  from  here. 
A.  It  is  not  very  far  away  from  here,  but  you  can't  get  up  there 
frequently.  You  can't  tap  the  labor  market  in  a  minute.  You  have  to 
wait  until  the  steamer  goes;  sometimes  they  only  go  once  a  week,  and 
sometimes  two  or  three  times  a  week,  it  is  according  to  the  seasons — 
there  are  no  cars. 

Q.  What  is  the  use  of  talking  such  nonsense?  Mendocino  County 
is  not  remote. 

A.     Mendocino    County    is    a    remote    county    from    the    City    and 
County  of  San  Francisco,  and  there  are  no  railroads  in  there. 
Q.     A  railroad  runs  up  to  Will  its. 

A.     That  is  true;  but  there  are  not  any  running  up  to  Fort  Bragg. 
Q.     There  is  a  stage  route  from  Willits  to  Fort  Brag, 
A.     And  how  long  does  it  take  you  to  go? 
Q.     About  a  day. 

A.  And  how  long  would  it  take  you  if  you  left  Fort  Bragg  to  go 
to  San  Francisco? 

Q.     About  two   days. 

A.     Well,  I  think  a  place  that  would  take  you  two  days  is  remote. 
Q.     There    are    regular    steamers    plying    between    here    and    Fort 
Bragg  in  the  lumber  trade. 
A.     How  often? 

Q.     Not  very  often  during  the  strike  that  is  going  on. 
A.     During  the  strike  they  go  oftener  than  they  did  before.     I  don't 
say  they  are  taking  so  many  laborers,  but  the  steamers   are  running 
oftener. 

33 


Q.  Well,  where  you  are  so  completely  off  I  don't  care  to  argue 
with  you.  I  have  the  information.  Andrew  Furuseth  told  me  so  last 
night. 

A.  Andrew  ought  to  know  what  he  is  talking  about.  I  believe 
that  is  right. 

Q.     Now,  you  offer  here  to  dishwashers  $20  a  month  and  found? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     You  want  thirty-six? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     Do  you  have  any  difficulty  in  getting  them  for  that? 

A.  Yes,  sir;  some  difficulty.  A  man  don't  want  to  go  and  wash 
dishes  when  he  can  pick  fruit. 

Q.  Elevator  boys,  bed  makers,  and  so  forth,  $30  to  $45  a  month 
and  found  ? 

A.     What  is  the  figure? 

Q.  $30  to  $45  a  month  and  found — elevator  boys,  porters  and 
bed  makers. 

A.     They  are  for  different  places. 

Q.     Some  you  want  for  as  low  as  $30  and  some  you  say  $45. 

A.     Some  as  high  as  $40,  and  they  go  down  to  $15. 

Q.     You  don't  so  advertise? 

A.     What  is  the  use  of  advertising?     You  can't  get  them. 

Q.     You   say  your  advertisement  is   strictly  truthful? 

A.  Yes;  but  there  is  no  use  to  advertise  for  $15-men  now.  You 
•can't  get  any  man  for  $15  to  wash  dishes  or  make  beds. 

Q.     $30  and  found — can  you  find  them? 

A.     I  can  find  them.     1  can  get  the  right  kind  of  men. 

Q.     You  have  places  for  eighteen  men  of  this  sort? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     The  lowest  price  $30  and  the  highest  $45? 

A.  '  No,  sir. 

Q.     Then  what  does  your  advertisement  mean? 

A.  Exactly  what  is  says  for  those  men;  but  I  have  also  places  for 
men  at  $15 — more  than  the  number  you  are  speaking  of.  That  is  cor- 
rect, sir;  we  want  that  number  of  men  at  those  wages  right  there. 

Q.     But  you  will  have  difficulty  in  getting  them,  wont  you? 

A.     Well,  we  will  fill  a  great  many  of  them. 

Q.     How  long  will  it  take  you  to  fill  those  eighteen  places? 

A.  Probably  to-day  or  to-morrow,  or  probably  two  or  three  days. 
We  will  fill  them  as  soon  as  possible. 

Q.     21  laundrymen,  all  classes,  "$18  a  week  up" — up  to  what? 

A.     About  $20. 

Q.     $18  to  $20.    Is  that  a  fair  rate  for  laundrymen  in  the  interior? 

A.     In  the  interior — in  Arizona,  somewhere. 

Q.     How  much  do  you  pay  a  baker's  helper  in  the  interior? 

A.  It  is  according  to  where  he  is  located — $25  and  sometimes  $40, 
and  whether  it  is  a  big  shop  or  a  small  shop.  It. is  all  according  to  the 
work. 

Q.     A  baker  gets  $40  and  found? 

A.     Bakers,  yes,  sir,  and  more. 

Q.     Do  you  have  any  trouble  in  getting  them  for  that? 

A.  Sometimes  I  do  and  sometimes  1  don't.  It  is  according  to  the 
supply — that  is  all. 

Q.  1  see  you  advertise  here,  5  laborers,  board  yourselves,  15  cents 
fare,  $2.25  a  day? 

A.    Yes,  sir. 

Q.     Where  are  they  to  be  employed? 

A.  Well,  across  the  bay — a  government  job — not  a  government 
job,  but  a  State  job.  I  won't  say  government  job. 

Q.     State  jobs  are  eight  hours,  aren't  they? 

A.     This  is  eight  hours. 

Q.     It  does  not  say  eight  hours. 

A.     It  shold  say  right  hours. 

Q.     What  kind 'of  labor? 

A.     Pick  and   shovel  work. 

34 


Q.  You  advertise  for  four  men  to  work  about  threshing  outfit. 
13  that  ordinary  labor? 

A.  They  have  to  be  ordinary  labor  to  work  very  long  hours  at 
threshing  at  this  season  of  the  year. 

Q.     You  offer  $35  and  found  for  stableman,  wash  cans,  city? 

A.     Correct.     He  does  both  works. 

Q.     To  hay  makers  you  offer  $40  a  month  and  found  ? 

A.     $1.50  a  day. 

Q.  If  the  San  Francisco  Labor  Council  and  the  Building  Trades 
Council  put  a  boycott  on  the  United  Railroads,  in  how  long  do  you 
think  you  could  get  a  thousand  men  to  work  for  the  United  Railroads 
as  platform  men? 

A.     If  the  labor  unions  were  boycotting  them? 

Q.     Yes. 

A.     Well,  it  wouldn't  take  very  long. 

Q. .  Well,  how  long?     You  would  get  them  in  a  day,  wouldn't  youf 

A.     No;  but  I  think  I  could  get  them  in  two. 

Q.     Get  a  thousand  men? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     In  cose  there  was  a  boycott? 

A.  Yes,  sir;  and  providing  that  they  had  the  protection  that  they 
want — provided  they  had  the  protection  of  the  law. 

Q.     The  soldiers  and  the  police? 

A.  Well,  I  don't  know  whether  they  would  need  them.  If  it  comes 
to  that  the  city  could  not  take  hold  of  it  the  State  might. 

Q.     What   kind  of   protection   do   you   have   in   mind? 

A.  Just  this:  that  if  a  man  is  allowed  to  go  about  his  business 
in  a  peaceful  avocation,  I  could  get  that  number  of  men  in  about  two 
days  who  would  be  only  too  willing;  and,  furthermore,  with  an  adver- 
tisement in  the  Chronicle,  Call,  Examiner — a  statement  that  I  wanted 
that  number  of  men,  they  would  swarm  to  the  city,  providing  I  could 
guarantee  them  they  would  be  protected. 

Q.     From   where  ? 

A.  From  the  farm,  the  orchard,  the  dairy,  the  ordinary  laborers, 
to  get  work  on  street  cars,  because  he  would  like  that  kind  of  work. 

Q.     There  would  be  a  great  exodus  from  the  country  to  the  city? 

A.     Yes,  sir;  if  they  could  only  find  work  here. 

Q.  Thousands  and  thousands  of  men  from  the  interior  are  just 
waiting  to  come  to  San  Francisco? 

A.     They  would  like  to  come  here  if  there  was  work  for  them. 

Q.  And  on  the  other  hand,  thousands  and  thousands  from  here 
are  ready  to  go  to  the  country? 

A.     They  are  forced  to  go  to  the  country  or  starve. 

Q.     There  is  a  tremendous  movement  back  and  forwards? 

A.  Yes,  sir.  You  do  not  need  to  take  the  statement  from  me — you 
can  see  them  on  the  Stockton  boat  going  out  to  their  work — going  out 
to  put  great  corns  on  their  hands,  because  they  cannot  get  work  here. 

Q.     They  cannot  get  work  in  San  Francisco? 

A.     Yes;   that  is  what  they  are  looking  for. 

Q.     What  are  they  looking  for? 

A.     For  work  to  earn  a*n  honest  day's  living,  sir. 

Q.     What  kind  of  work? 

A.     Any  kind;  skilled  or  unskilled. 

Q.  Men  are  just  flocking  in  from  all  places — not  only  from  the 
farms,  but  everywhere,  and  all  classes  of  labor? 

A.  There  is  a  great  immigration  from  the  East,  and  then  they 
come  in  from  the  interior,  and  they  come  right  here,  and  they  want 
to  go  to  work  in  this  City  and  County  of  San  Francisco,  but  they  can't 
go  to  work. 

Q.     On  account  of  these  terrible  trade  unions  ? 

A.  On  account  of  the  conditions  of  the  labor  market  as  it  is  now 
handled  by  the  trade  unions  of  this  city. 

Q.     Are  the  labor  unions  handling  the  labor  market  here? 

A.     I  claim  that  they  are  handling  it  to-day;  yes,  sir. 

Q.     Thirty  men  a  day  is  all  you  can  get  employment  for? 

35 


A.  That  is  all  I  can  find  employment  for  in  the  City  and  County  of 
San  Francisco,  because  I  haven't  the  positions  to  give  them. 

Q.     There  is  no  demand  for  laborers? 

A.  There  would  be  provided  we  were  under  the  right  kind  of  cir- 
cumstances. 

Q.     What  do  you  mean  by  the  right  kind  of  circumstances? 

A.  1  mean  that  if  you  were  allowed  to  employ  who  you  want  and 
discharged  who  you  liked,  if  he  didn't  work  to  suit  you,  and  the  de- 
pression would  not  be  as  it  is  to-day  in  the  labor  market  in  the  City 
and  County  of  San  Francisco.  I  claim  further,  sir,  that  there  are 
millions  of  dollars  tied  up  in  our  banks  waiting  to  be  invested  when 
employers  can  employ  who  they  want  and  discharge  who  they  want  to. 

Q.     Millions  of  dollars? 

A.  Millions  of  dollars  in  the  banks  in  the  City  and  County  of 
San  Francisco. 

Q.     Just  waiting  investment? 

A.  Capitalists  are  willing  to  put  it  in  buildings  and  other  things 
provided  that  they  know  that  they  may  hire  and  discharge  whom  they 
like,  and  are  not  at  the  dictation  of  agitators  and  walking  delegates. 

Q.     Oh,  you  have  heard  of  a  walking  delegate,  have  you? 

A.     I  have  seem  them,  sir. 

Q.     Did  they  bother  you  much? 

A.     No,  they  don't;  they  bother  me  but  little. 

Q.     Nat  as  much  as  demagogues? 

A.     They  associate  with  them. 

Q.     They  are  just  like  them,  in  fact? 

A.     Well,  birds  of  a  feather  flock  together,  sir. 

Q.     Walking  delegates — business  agents  of  the  unions? 

A.  Walking  delegates — a  man  who  interferes  in  your  business  ant* 
mine. 

Q.     You  are  not  able  to  hire  men  for  the  Fort  Bragg  situation? 

A.  I  have  been  able  to  hire  men  for  the  Fort  Bragg  situation,  and 
if  you  wish  to  know  how  many  I  guess  my  books  will  prove  it.  To-day, 
before  I  came  up  here,  the  manager  was  inside  the  office  and  he  and  I 
together  hired  twenty-four  men  and  those  men  are  going  to  Fort  Bragg 
to-day  or  to-morrow. 

MB.  MooBE:Fort  Bragg  is  in  Mendocino  County? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     Where   there   is    a   strike   on? 

A.  Yes,  sir;  where  there  is  a  strike  on;  and  the  men  have  been 
told  that  there  is  a  strike  on  there  or  a  lockout,  and  they  were  also 
told  by  myself  personally:  "Gentlemen,  if  you  want  to  work  for  them, 
go  and  work  for  them.  Listen  to  none  of  those  demagogues  and  agi- 
tators— take  my  advice.  If  you  are  a  man  and  want  to  work  for  them, 
go;  but  if  you  don't  want  to  work  for  them  don't  go." 

MB.  LIVEBNASH:  Fort  Bragg  is  a  little  village  in  Mendocino 
County  ? 

A.     Village,  you  call  it? 

Q.  Yes;  a  little  sea-coast  village  on  the  Mendocino  coast.  I  havt 
been  up  there  many  times,  near  where  are  great  forests  of  redwoods 
which  are  worked  by  big  milling  companies. 

A.     I  believe  great  forests  of  redwood  are  there. 

Q.  The  principal  milling  company  is  now  having  trouble  with 
its  employees  and  the  labor  unions,  and  you  are  engaged  in  supplying 
men  to  take  the  pfaces  of  union  men? 

A.  Not  to  take  the  place  of  any  union  man  up  there  that  I  know 
of,  because  I  don't  know  that  there  are  any  union  men  there.  I  am 
employing  men  to  work — not  to  take  the  place  of  no  man — to  take  the 
place  of  those  that  are  vacant.  They  are  not  going  to  take  anyone's 
place.  There  is  not  anyone  there  or  they  wouldn't  want  a  man. 

Q.  A  few  months  ago  there  were  hundreds  of  men  working  for 
the  Fort  Bragg  Lumber  Company  in  the  redwoods  around  Fort  Bragg. 
Isn't  that  true? 

A.     I  believe  there  were. 

Q.    And  then  there  was  the  formation  of  a  union  and  a  strike? 

A.     I  know  nothing  of  the  formation  of  a  union  or  a  strike. 

36 


A.  You  don't  know  a  thing  about  a  union  under  any  possible 
circumstances;  but  you  know  there  is  a  strike  up  there? 

A.  I  heard  it  said  there  was,  but  that  is  hearsay  evidence.  I  will 
answer  that  question:  I  don't  know  positively  that  there  is,  but  I 
have  been  informed  by  the  Union  Lumber  Company  that  there  is  a 
lockout  and  strike,  and  I  have  told  every  employee  that  has  gone  there 
of  such  conditions;  but  as  a  matter  of  fact,  I  know  nothing  to  my 
personal  knowledge.  I  was  never  there. 

Q.     Lucky  man — you  wouldn't  dare  to  go  there. 

A.  If  I  was  in  the  city  of  Fort  Bragg  to-day  I  would  receive  the 
same  consideration  that  you  or  anyone  else  would  receive. 

MB.  MOORE  :  He  says  you  do  not  dare  to  go  there. 

A.  Well,  we  will  leave  that  out,  whether  I  dare  or  dare  not  go. 
I  would  travel  in  any  part  that  there  is  in  this  world  and  have  generally 
done  it.  I  fear  no  man,  but  obey  laws  of  every  country  I  have  been  in, 
which  includes  the  greater  part  of  the  world. 

MB.  LIVEBNASH:  You  have  not  been  to  the  north  pole? 

A.    I  could  not  get  there.     If  you  can  I  can. 

Q.  I  know  if  any  man  can  do  it,  you  can  do  it.  You,  in  point  of 
fact,  were  employed  by  the  Fort  Bragg  Lumber  Company  some  weeks 
ago  to  supply  the  places  of  men  who  are  on  strike.  Is  not  that  the 
plain,  blunt  truth? 

A.  I  was  not  engaged  to  employ  men  to  take  the  places  of  those 
that  were  on  strike  or  anything  of  the  kind.  I  was  to  employ  men  to 
work  in  those  lumber  mills  and  camps. 

Q.  Didn't  you  tell  me  that  you  knew,  at  the  time  Mr.  Dunnigan 
applied,  that  there  was  a  strike  on  up  there? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.  You  said  that  the  man  who  told  you  was  as  truthful  as  God 
Almighty? 

A.     He  was. 

Q.  Then  you  did  know  about  that  time  that  there  was  a  strike  on 
there? 

A.  The  lumber  company  had  given  us  that  information,  and  I 
believe  their  information  would  be  true,  sir.  I  did  then  and  I  do  now. 

Q.  Then  you  do  believe  that  there  is  a  strike  on  there  and  has  been 
for  some  time? 

A.  I  believe  there  has  been  a  strike  and  lockout  for  some  length 
of  time,  and  I  believe  it  is  on  there  now. 

Q.  You  have  been,  in  point  of  fact,  sending  men  up  for  the  Fort 
Bragg  company,  where  the  men  were  on  strike.  You  know  that,  don't 
you? 

A.  You  say  I  knew  the  men  were  on  a  strike?  I  know  what  the 
lumber  men  told  me. 

Q.  You  have  been  sending  men  up  there  from  your  employment 
agency  to  perform  the  work  that  those  men  who  are  on  strike  used  to 
perform  ? 

A.  I  don't  know  that  those  men  who  were  on  strike  were  there. 
I  only  know  what  was  told  me.  I  know  if  you  give  me  a  position  to 
fill,  I  know  that  the  man  I  have  is  going  to  go  there  if  he  wants  to  go, 
air. 

Q.  How  many  men  have  you  sent  up  there  to  work  for  the  Fort 
Bragg  Company? 

A.     I  could  not  say,  sir. 

Q.     You  have  not  sent  as  manv  as  a  thousand,  have  vou? 

A.     No. 

Q.     As  many  as  five  hundred? 

A.     I  don't  know. 

Q.     More  than  ten? 

A.     Yes;   I  shipped  more  than  ten  to-day. 

Q.     More  than   a   hundred  ? 

A.     Yes,  sir;   more  than  two  hundred. 

Q.     More  than  three  hundred? 

A.  Well,  probably  three  hundred  would  be  about  the  mark — prob- 
ably more.  I  wouldn't  say  now. 

37 


Q.    How  many  men  did  the  Fort  Bragg  company  want? 
A.     I  don't  know.     I  know  when  they  gave  me  the  order  for  men 
I  filled  it. 

Q.     How  many  men  have  they  told  you  to  employ  altogether? 

A.     Fifteen  to-day  and  I  got  them. 

Q.  How  many  men  altogether  did  the  Fort  Bragg  company  ask 
you  to  get  for  them? 

A.  They  asked  me  to  get  a  certain  number  of  men  on  certain  days 
and  I  got  them. 

Q.     How  many? 

A.     They  never  told  me  they  wanted  ten  thousand  or  one  thousand. 

Q.     How  many  men  altogether  have  they  told  you  to  get  them? 

A.     I  could  not  say  that  without  looking  over  the  books. 

Q.     Five  hundred? 

A.     They  got  all  they  wanted — all  they  asked  for. 

Q.     Three  hundred? 

A.  If  they  asked  for  three  hundred  they  got  three  hundred,  and  if 
they  asked  for  five  they  got  five. 

Q.     You  have  sent  up  three  hundred  men? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     Did  you  have  any  difficulty  in  getting  them? 

A.     Well,  some  of  them  refused  and  some  did  not. 

Q.     Why  did  they  refuse — those  who  refused? 

A.  Some  of  them  said  they  didn't  want  to  go  and  work  up  there — 
they  heard  there  was  a  strike  on  there  and  they  didn't  want  to  go  there. 

Q.     Where  did  they  hear  it? 

A.  It  was  in  plain  English  language  in  front  of  Murray  &  Ready's 
office  on  a  bulletin  board. 

Q.     When  did  you  put  it  there? 

A.  I  didn't  put  it  there.  The  labor  unions  put  it  there  to  boycott 
— not  that  has  been  the  means  of  keeping  men  away.  It  has  kept  some 
away  and  I  have  sent  others  up  there. 

Q.     It  makes  an  addition  to  your  business? 

A.  An  addition  to  the  business  of  the  Union  Lumber  Company. 
Scores  of  men  never  knew  there  was  a  Union  Lumber  Company  before, 
and  have  been  induced  to  work  there. 

Q.     Scores  of  men  have  been  induced  to  work  there? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     How  do  you  know  that? 

A.  Some  have  gone  up  there  and  said  how  they  came  to  go  there — 
the  Union  Lumber  Company  said  so  to  me. 

Q.  The  Union  Lumber  Company  said  so  to  you  and  therefore  you 
knew  it? 

A.  I  know  it  as  a  matter  of  fact,  that  three  did  because  that  three 
men  told  me  so  themselves. 

Q.     Three  is  not  very  many. 

A.     I  will  say  three  that  I  know  of. 

Q.  From  a  man  who  has  been  handling  big  figures  like  you,  three 
does  not  strike  me  at  all. 

A.  And  from  information  I  received  from  others  I  know  a  great 
many  went  up  there. 

Q.     How  much  have  you  been  paying  those  men? 

A.  From  $35  a  month  up — they  are  for  different  work.  Common 
laborer  is  $35  a  month  and  board. 

Q.     For  how  many  hours  a  day. 

A.     Ten  hours. 

Q.     You  have  not  had  much  difficulty  in  getting  men? 

A.  I  told  you  if  they  Avanted  twenty,  they  got  twenty;  and  if  they 
wanted  ten,  they  got  ten. 

Q.     There  was  not  so  much  difficulty  then? 

A.     Not  so  much  difficulty,  no. 

Q.  All  the  advertisements  you  have  been  publishing  are  equally 
as  truthful  as  the  one  we  have  been  dealing  with  this  afternoon? 

A.  What  advertisements  are  you  alluding  to?  Then  I  will  talk 
about  them". 

38 


Q.  I  will  give  you  the  benefit  of  a  blanket  statement.  All  your 
advertisements. 

A.     All  my  advertisements  are  true;  I  know  that  they  are  true. 

Q.     They  are  absolutely  true? 

A.     They  are  absolutely  true,  yes. 

Q.  How  much  are  you  spending  per  annum  for  your  advertise- 
ments? 

A.     I  could  not  say. 

Q.  So  large  a  sum  that  you  could  not  carry  the  figures  around 
with  you? 

A.  I  could  not  eay;  and  it  would  be  poor  business  for  me  to  tell 
what  my  expenses  or  what  my  profits  are. 

Q.     I  don't  care  about  your  profits. 

A.  I  know  that  I  am  paying  the  Examiner  about  $100  a  week 
and  the  Chronicle  and  Call  about  the  same.  I  think  I  am  paying  about 
$300  a  week  for  advertising  in  the  papers. 

Q.  Then  in  this  congested  labor  market  you  are  paying  $300  a 
week  to  advertise  for  men? 

A.     Yes,  sir. 

Q.     Do  you  advertise  in  the  Eastern  cities? 

A.  Well,  don't  you  think  you  are  going  a  little  bit  too  far  to  aak 
that? 

Q.     No;  I  do  not. 

A.     Well,  I  do,  sir. 

Q.     How  much  do  you  spend  there? 

A.  I  would  answer  that  question  by  saying — about  the  Eastern 
cities — that  I,  like  many  other  business  men  in  San  Francisco,  will 
contribute  money  that  the  city  can  be  circulated  in  the  editorial  and 
other  papers,  showing  the  benefits  of  the  State,  to  get  the  Eastern 
people  to  come  out  here — make  a  boom  for  the  State.  Yes,  sir;  I  spend 
a  great  deal  of  money  for  that. 

Q.  Aren't  you  just  a  little  bit  ashamed  of  yourself  to  persuade 
people  to  come  out  here  among  these  thousands  of  men  unemployed. 

A.  No.  I  am  not  spending  money  in  the  East  to  get  labor  to 
come  out,  but  people  to  take  the  land  and  build  up  our  State. 

Q.  You  didn't  have  in  mind  that  sort  of  thing,  did  you,  when  you 
advertised  for  specific  persons  such  as  mentioned  here? 

A.  Do  you  mean  do  I  advertise  in  any  Eastern  papers  for  help 
wanted  ? 

Q.    Yes. 

A.     No,  I  don't. 

Q.  Is  this  $3600  or  $4000  dollars  a  month  all  you  spend  for  ad- 
vertising or  help  wanted? 

MB.  MOORE:  You  don't  have  to  answer  that. 

A.     I  don't  want  to  answer  that. 

MB.  LIVERNASH:  I  think  the  Arbitration  Committee  will  rule 
otherwise,  but  I  don't  want  to  bother  about  it.  I  think  it  is  i«portMit 
to  know  what  this  man  pays  for  advertising  in  tht  market  that  he 
represents  to  be  congested.  That  is  all. 

MB.  MOORE:    That  is  all. 


39 


40 


I 


CHRONICLE,-  TUESDAY,  -AUGTJST    4,    1903. 


WORDY  WAR  AT 
THE  HEARING 


Criticism  of  the  Labor 
Unions  by  a  Witness 
Causes  Long  Wrangle. 


iSAYS  WORK1NGMEN  ARE 

DRIVEN  OUT  OF  CITY. 


Case  of  the  Company  to  Be 
Completed  To-Day  and  the 
Matter  Will  Go  Before  the 
Board  at  an  Early  Date. 


At  the-  carmen's  arbitration  hearing 
yesterday  retorts,  courteous  and1  .at 
times  discourteous  were  exchanged  with 
great  frequency:.  The  trouble  began 
when  AtloThey  Moore,  for  the  United 
Railroads,  presented  in  evidence  the 
statement  ot;  Herbert  V.  Ready  of  the 
firm  of  Murray  &  Ready,  employment 
agents,  to  the  effect  that  the  supply  of 
labor  in  the  San  Francisco  market  is 
greater  than  the  demand  and  that  on 
one  week's  no;;ce  1000  men,  capable  of 
running  street  cars,  could  be  easily  ob- 
tained for  work  in  this  city. 

Attorney  Livernash  objected  to  this 
statement  being  offered  in  evidence  un- 
less the  affiant  was.  subjected  to  cross- 
examination.  He  stated  that  he  be- 
liev«jd  Ready,  to  be  an  unscrupulous 
man,  who  conducted  his  agency  on  un- 
businesslike'lines,  and  that  he  was  dis- 
tinctly an  enemy  of  trade-unions  in  this 
city. 

Moore  stated  that  he  would  produce 
the  witness,  and  Ready  was  on  hand  at 
the  afternoon  hearing,  evidently  primed 
for  a  wordy  encounter  with  the  irate  at- 
torney for  the  carmen,  After  a  little 
preliminary  sparring  Livernash  started 
the  trouble. 

*  "Your  establishment  is  the  headquar- 
ters in.  this  city  for  's<:abs/  is  it  not?" 


nquired  the  attorney. 

"I  don't  know  what  a  'scab'  is/'  re- 
plied'; the  witness.1  "I  wish  that  you 
would  tell  me." 

"Well/ never  mind  *bout  that.  The 
fact  of  the  matter  is  that  you  are  at 
present  under  arrest -for  defrauding  per- 
sons seeking  employment  by  misrepre- 
senting conditions  in  order  to  cause 
them  to  go  to  work,  are  you  not?" 

SAYS     HIS     IS    A    TEST    CASE. 

"No,  I  am  charged  with  violating  a 
so-called  law  because  I  got  men  to  woVk 
for  the  Union  Lumber  Company  in  Men- 
docina  county,  where  there  is  a  strike 
or  a  lockout  at  present.  The  unions 
caused  my  arrest  and  I  am  testing  the 
law." 

'How  many,  men  go  into  your  office 
seeking  work  in  a  day?" 

'On  an  average  from  3000  to  4000." 

'Are  you.  speaking  the  absolute  truth 
when  you  say  that?" 

'I  am  as  truthful  asi  they  make  them," 
calmly  replied  Ready. 

"Well,  you  sometimes  need  the  police 
to  manage  a  crowd  like  that,  do  you 
not?"  \ 

"Well,  we  only  need  the  police  when 
demagogues  and  walking  delegates 
come  around  the  place.  They  make  a 
business  of  making  crouble."  .*" 

"You  do  not  know  what  a  'scab'  Is, 
b'ut  you  do  know  a  demagogue  when 
you  see  one?"  demanded  the  attorney. 

"Sure,  I  know  what  a  demagogue  is/' 
admitted  the  witness,  looking  steadily 
at  Livernash. 

Finally  affer  a  statement  from  Liver- 
nash that  he  believed  the  witness 
thought  him  to  be  a  demagogue,  Ready 
said  that  so  long  as  the  attorney  ad- 
mitted it,  he  believed1  he  was. 

"And  yoa  think  labor  agitators  want 
to  run  everything,  do  you  not?"  asked 
the  carmen's  attorney. 

"Well,  pretty  much." 

"Are  they  bad  citizens?" 
LABOR  SUPPLY  EXCEEDS  DEMAND. 

"A  good  many  are  not  citizens  at  all," 
replied  the  witness. 

Livernash  waived  the  matter,  and  in- 
quired of  the  witness  if  the  supply  of 
ordinary  labor  in  San  Francisco  ex- 
ceeded the  demand,  to  which  he  received 
an  affirmative  answer. 

"Well,  what  -do  you  consider  the  rea- 
son for  that?"  asked  the  attorney, 

•"The  reason  is  due  to  unions.  A  man 
cannot  get  work  in  this  city  unless  he 
belongs  to  a  union, .and  to  join  one  he  has 
to  pay  from  $10  to  $15.  When  he  tries  to 
go  to  work  on  a  job  he  is  told  thatxonly 
union  men  are  employed  and  that^he 
cannot  have  work.  The  result  is  that<. 
thousands  of  working  men  are  each 
year  forced  to  go.  into  the  interior  to  get 
work,  when  they  are  eager  to  find  work, 
in  this  city.  ^Millions  of  dollars  are  ly- 
ing idle  an  the, banks  because  the  in- 
vestor's refuse  .to-,  use  their  money  fo.r, 


'business  purposes  unless  they  can  do 
^business  without  being  interfered  with. 
It  is  for  this  reason  that,  while  there  Is 
a  great  influx  of  men  from  the  East  and 
from   the  Interior  of  the  .State  to  San, 
Francisco,   the    newcomer^    find'     that 
they  cannot  get  work  and  are  tfriven' 
back  to  the  farms,  section  work  on  the, 
Railroad's  and  other  interior  occupations. ' 
To-day    there    are    more    men*,  seeking 
work  in  San;  Francis*oo  than  there  were 
at  this  same  tlrrfe  one  year  ago,  and  the 
cause  of  it  all  Is  unionism^' 
.    '''You    evidently    do  )nbt    believe    In 
unions,"  said  Livernash  with  sarcasm. ' 
UNIONISM      MAKING      HIM     RICH. 

•  "They  are  making  me  rich,"  declared 
the  witness,  in  a  voice  that  could  be 
heard  all  over  the'  building1,  "but  it  is  at 
the  expense  of  the  working  people  of 
this  city.  Every  year  I  get  work  for 
45,000  m-en,  because  It  is  known  that  I 
am  boycotted,  for(cpnsidering  one  man 
as -good  as  another,  whether  he  belongs 
to  a  unfon  or  whether  he  does.  not.  I 
believe  that  any  man'  who  wants  work 
is  entitled  to  it,  and  as  a  result  the  cor- 
porations come  to  me  for  help.  But  the 
unions  are  so  ftrong  in  this  city  that  to 
every  thirty  men  that  I  get  work  for 
here  I  am  obliged  to  send  600  to  the 
country." 

.*  "And  with  4000  men  coming  into  your 
office  each  'day  asking  for  J^g,-  how 
many  union  men  do  you  get  work  for?" 
.Inquired  Livernash. 

"Well,  I  get  a  few  union  jobs  each  day; 
To-day  I  got  three;  and  I  do  not  aver- 
age any  more  than  that.". 

The  witness  went  on  to  explain-  that 
he  believed  in:  unions-,  so  far  as  they 
went  toward  'helping  'the  workmen  at 
;their  trades,  but 'that  he  thought  that 
in  Utis  city;  the  labor  organizations 
"were  completely  in  the  hands- -of  un- 
prin,cipled:'men,  who  us-e'd*  them  to  their 
:own-  advantage.-  In>  response  to'  ques- 
tions by  Livernash  '  the  witness  said 
.that  the  unions  were  boycotting  all 
'who  .opposed'  them,  and'  hurting  busi- 
'ness  generally,  in  such  a\  way  -that 
they  hurt  the  interests-' of -the-  work- 
in  gm  en. 

REFUTES    CARMEN'S     TESTIMONY. 

Most  of  the  morning  session  of.  the 
hearing  w^as-  taken-  up  by  the  intro- 
duction of  a  variety  of  statements1  as 
evidence.  Attorney)  -Mobrd^  read  on'e! 
which  he  had'  compiled.'  himself,  show- 
ing that  when  the  carmen,  were'testi-i 
fying-  to  Jhe  prices  of  certain  dommadi- 
ties  the  d'aily  papers  of  the  city  "vv.ere 
advertising  the  same  .conttnoditieV 
aJmuch  lower  fate.  For  instance, 
\he  carmen  clajmed  that  cr^ajnery 


42 


SAN"    FRANCISCO    CALL*,     AUGUST    4,     1903. 


GIVES  HIS  IDE! 
OF 


Employ  ment  Agent  Says 
They  Are  Usually 

Foreigners. 

••  •    » 

Street    Railway    Arbitration 

Proceedings  Somewhat 

Enlivened. 


At  the  arbitration  proceedings  between 
the  carmen  and  the  United  Railroads  yes- 
terday a  statement  from  Herbert  V, 
Ready  of  the  firm  of  Murray  &  Ready, 
employment  agents,  was  read.  In  it  he 
itated  that  between  3000  and  4000  Idle  men 
visited  the  employment  office  «very,  work- 
ing day  in  the  week,  and  that  he  could 
secure  fn  two  days  1000  men  willing  to 
work  as  motormen  and  gripmen  in  this 
city. 

Attorney  Uvernash  objected  to  the  tiling 
of  Ready's  statement  on  the  grounds  that 
it  was  incompetent  and  irrelevant.  Liver- 
nash also  said  that  Ready  was  an  un- 
scrupulous man,  opposed  to  trade  union- 
ism. He  wound  up  his  objection  by  re- 
questing that  Ready  be  produced  at  the 
afternoon  session  for  cross-eamination. 

The  employment  agent  was  on  hand  as 
requested  and  Lrivernash's  first  question 
was: 

"Your  place  is  the  headquarters  for 
scabs,  Js  it  not?" 

"I  don't  know  the  meaning  of  the  word 
.'scab,'"  answered  the  witness,  seemingly 
bristling  for  a  fight. 

(  -"Well,  you  will  know  'before  I  get 
through  with  you,"  Livernash  assured 
'hJm. 

THOUSANDS  ASK  WORK. 

"I  must  admit  I   have  heard  tha  word 
used  on  the  street,"  said  Ready. 
•     Continuing    ,  under      cross-examination, 
i  Ready  said  that  between  .90,000  and  100,000 
men,  called  last  month  at  his  employment 
office.    ,Liverna«h   tried,  to   get   Ready  t6 
retract  this  statement;   but   the  employ 
ment  agent  could  not  be  shaken. 

"Well,  if  you  have  so  many  men  calling 

.,th*re,  I  suppose  you  ?ieed  quite  a  force  of 

pclice  to  keep.ther"    n  order,"  said  Liver- 


"No.  I  have  no  trouble  with  the  men  at 
all,"  replied  Ready.  "Once  in  a  while, 
however,  I  have  '•:>  call  a  police  officer 
and  get  him  to  remove  a  demagogue  from 
the  sidewalk." 

"What  do  you  call  a  demagogue?"  asked 
Livernash. 

After  deep  study  Ready  replied:  "I 
think  a  demagogue  is  a  man  that  raises 
trouble.  He  does  not  know  his  own  busi- 
ness, and  tries  to  meddle  in  other  peo- 
ple's." 

"I  like  to  see  a  man  work  by  the  sweat 
of  his  hands  and  brow,"  continued  the 
witness.  "I  like  to  see  a  man  make  an 
honest  living  by  work,  even  if  it  is  by  tho 
pick  and  shovel." 

"When  did  you  last  work  with  a  pick 
and  shovel?"  asked  Livernash  with  a 
sneer. 

"I  struck  San  Francisco  sixteen  years 
ago  with  just  $1  in  my  pocket."  replied 
Ready  proudly.  "I  had  a  roll  of  blankets 
and  I  worked  for  a  while  with  a  pick  and 
shovel  in  the  streets  of  San  Francisco  for 
$2  a  day." 

USUALLY  TJOT    CITIZENS. 

Livernash  turned  back  again  to  the 
many  thousands  of  men  that  visited 
Ready's  office  looking  for  -work.  He 
warited  to  be  informed  how  the  place  was 
kept  'n  order  with  such  vast  crowds  of 
men  visiting  there. 

"Oh,  I  told  you  before,"  said  Ready, 
"the  only  trouble  we  have  is  with  dema- 
gogues and  occasionally  some  poor,  old 
drunk  that  floats  in." 

!  "Well,  you  must  think  the  demagogues 
pretty  bad  citizens,  do  you  not.  Mr. 
Ready?"  he  was  asked  by  the-  carmen's 
.counsel. 

"The  trouble  of  it  is  that  a  great  num- 
ber of  them  are  not  citizens  at  all,"  was 
the  witness'  quick  reply. 

Ready  was  on  the  witness  stand  all  th* 
afternoon  and  bitterly  complained  of  trade 
unionism  as  a  hindrance  to  the  State.  He 
said  that  thousands!  of  men  were  forced 
out  into  the  country  and  compelled  to 
work  poking  fruit  and  doing  rough  rall- 
,road  work,  when  they  would  like  to  re- 
'main  in'ihe  city.  He  said  that  these  men 
were  forced  out  of  the  city,  as-they  were 
unable  'tu  put  up  the  $10  or  $15  necessary 
^t'o  gain  nn~  admittance  to  a  trade  union. 

UNIFORMS    ABE    CHEAPER. 

Ready  said  also  that  the  officials  of  the 
Union  -Lumber  Company  at  Fort  Bragg 
had  sent  to  him  for  men  to  take  the  place 
of  the  locked-out  millmen  and  that  he  had 
no  difficulty  in  getting  men  to  pro  up  there 
and  take  the  places  of  the  strikers.  Ho 
also  said  that,  could  he  be  assured  police 
protection,  he  could  get  at  nny  time  1000 
men  to  take  the  places  of  the  carmen  in 
this  city.  He  said  that  should  he  adver- 
tise for  1000  carmen  thousands  of  farm- 
hands and  others  employed  in  the  coun- 
try" wjiuld  come  to  th<a  city  at  once. 


43    • 


EXAMINER,     SAN  „  FRANCISCO,     AUGUST    4,     1903, 


Herbert  V,  Ready  Tells  Arbi- 
tration Commission  How  He 
Proposes  to  Raise  1,000 
Platform  Men  in  This  City, 

/Admits  He  Was  Recently  Ar- 
rested on  Charge  of  Fraud- 
ulently Misrepresenting  La- 
bor Conditions  in  Mendbcino, 


Herbert  ,V.  Ready,  an  employment  and 
labor  agent  of  this  city,  testified  before  the 
etreet  carmen's:  Arbitration  Commission 
yesterday  in  support  of  the  contention  of 
the  United  Railroads  that' the  supply  ex- 
ceeds the  demand  for  the  quality  .of.  labor 
performed  by  the  platforpi  men  in  the  com- 
pany'p  employ.  There  was  introduced  in 
evidence  a  written  statement  by  Ready  set- 
ting forth  that  from  3,000  to  4,000  idle  men 
visited"  the  offices  of  Murray  &  Ready  daily 
in  search  of  employment;  The  witness  gave 
it  as  his  opinion  that  with  a  week's  notice 
he  could  ra-lse  1,000  men  competent  and 
willing  to  take  the  places  of  platform  men 
who  might  be  unwilling  to  work  at  the  pres- 
ent rate  of  wages. 

Congressman  Livernash,  representing  the 
carmen,  demanded  that  Ready  be  produced 
for  cross-examination.  He  objected  to  the 
^statement  offered  in  evidence  on  the  ground 
that  Its  author  was  "an  unprincipled  and 
unscrupulous  man,  whose  employment 
agency  is  conducted  along  lines  unfriendly 
to  trades  unions."  The  company's  counsel, 
Mr.  Moore,  acceded  to  Mr.  Livernash's  de- 
mand and  produced  the  witness  in  person. 

After  some  preliminary  questioning  upon 
the  number  of  applicants  for  work  to  be 
found  In  the  establishment  conducted  by  the 
witness  at  various  .hours  of  the  day  and 
night,  Mr.  Livernash  inquired:  "Is  not  your 
establishment  the  headquarters  for  scabs 
in  this. town?"  This  opened  a  two-handed 
discussion.  Ready  declared  with  emphasis 


that  he  did  n  \now  the  meaning  of  the 
word  used  by  ^.  msel.  •  He  called  upon 
heaven  to.witnei.~-  t^.t  he  made  no  distinc- 
tions between  men,  \v  ^re"1  they  members  of 
a  union  or  not,  bu'  tha^  his  offers  of  em- 
.ployment  w«ere  opeu  to  all  who  could  "nil 
the  bill."  .The  fact  "hat  he  had  been  ar- 
rested within  the  pa~t  six  months  on  va 
charge  of  swindling  cu.  tomers  by  misrep- 
resenting the  labor  condi'ions  in  Mendocino* 
county  ought  not  to  count,  against  him,  he 
thought.  .  He  was  prepared  to  show  by  his 
attorney  that  the  courts  had  0,0  jurisdiction 
of  that  matter.  It  was  nqt  true,  he  said,  that 
he  had  told  au  "Examiner"  representative 
there  was  no  strike  at  Fort  Bragg.  "The 
Examiner"  man  applied  for  work  in  the 
Mendocino  lutnber  camps  and  was  told  he 
could  go  to  work  foi*  the  L.  E.  White  Com- 
pany. "He  was  engaged  by  my  brother," 
said  the  witness,  "and  was  informed  there 
was  a  strike  up  there." 
••  "How  do  you  kno\v  he  was  told  that?" 
asked  Congressman  Livernash. 

"Because  rny  brcthfer  told  me  so,  and  my 
brother's  word  ts  as  good  as  the  gods  in 
heaven,"  replied  the  witness  with  much 
fervor. 

THIS     AVHOLE     POPULATION. 

According  to  figures  supplied  by  the  wit- 
ness from  25,000  to  25,000  idle  men  ap- 
plied to  him  every  week  ^cu-  employment. 
By  arithmetical  computaiion  Mr.  Liver- 
nash discovered  that  about  one-third  the 
population  of  San  Francisco  visited  the 
•witness  in  his  business  capacity  during  the 
month,  while  the  total  for  a  year  must 
reach  seven  figures.  Ready  did  not  dis- 
pute the  accuracy  of  these  calculations. 
He  v;ai  asked:  v 

"With  such  a  crowd  as  that  yoti  must 
need  the  police  around  to.'  clear  the 
streets?" 

"No,  we  don't  need  them,  except  when 
labor  agitators  and  demagogues  come 
around.  Then  we  have  them  removed  by 
the  law,"  was  the  reply. ' 
'  The  witness  denied  that  he  was  an 
enemy  of  the  unions.  He  explained,  that 
he  regarded  trades-unionism  as  all  right, 
when  freed  from  labor  agitators,  dema- 
gogues and  leaders.  He  defined  a  dema- 
gogue as  a  person  who  didn't  know  his 
o\vn  business  but  was  always  meddling 
with  the  affairs  of  others.  "Unions  are  all 
right  when  they  band  together  for  the 
good  of  their  trades  and  give  themselves 
better  service,  but  when  tiiey  interfere 
with  your  business  and  mine  they  are  all 
wrong,  sir,1'  declared  Ready.  He  was 
aware  his  employment  agency  was  not 
looked  kindly  upon  by  the  unions,  but  he 
regarded  that  as*  rather  fortunate"  .than 
otherwise.  "They  are  advertising  us,"  he 
said.  "They  are  turning  the  wealth  of  the 
employers  into  the  hands  of  Murray  & 
Ready,  sir." 

The  cross-examination  lasted  all  after- 
noon. Congressman  Livernash  elicited  the 
I'a'.-t  that  while  the  witness  declared  he 
could  gut  1.000  men  for  the  United  Rail- 
roads in  two  days  in  the  face  of  a  boycott, 
lu>  Uric!  so  tur  yecurecl  but  300  men  for  the 
lumber  camps  at- Fort  Bragg. 


44 


( From  The  Bulletin,  Nov.  4,  1903) 

Ten  Per  Cent  to  Employes  of  Two 

Years'  Standing  and  Five  to 

Those  of  Less, 

NEW  YORK.  Nov.  4. —The  decision  of  the  commission  in  the 
San  Francisco  street  railway  wage  arbitration,  handed  down  today, 
awards  an  increase  of  10  per  cent  in  wages  to  employes  of  two  years* 
standing  and  of  6  per  cent  to  those  of  less  service.  Hours  were  left  un- 
changed and  the  wage  rate  Was  deemed  effective  from  May  1,  1903,  to 
May  1,  190£.  The  award  was  written  .by  Oscar  Strauss  and  assented 
to  by  W.  D.  Mahon,  Colonel  Patrick  Calhoun  declining  to  concur. 

The  award  finds  that  the  wage  standard  on  the  Pacific  slope  and  in 
San  Francisco  is  higher  than  elsewhere  in  the  United  States,  and  that 
there  has  been  an  advance  in  the  cost  of  living  since  April,  1902.  Re- 
ferring to  the  findings  of  the  Anthracite  Strike  Commission,  Commis- 
sioner Strauss  expresses  his  hope  and  expectation  that  the  award  will  be 
binding  for  many  years  to  come. 

The  case  was  of  far-reaching  importance,  interesting  directly  more 
than  3,000  employes  of  the  United  Street  Railways  of  San  Francisco 
and  indirectly  employes  and  trades  union  men  throughout  the  country. 

45 


THE     BULLETIN:    EVENING,    NOVEMBER   4,    1003. 


Board  of  Arbitration  at  the  East 
Adjusts  Differences  Between 
the  United  Railroads  Com- 
pany and  Employes, 


HIGHER  WAGES,  BUT 

HOURS  ARE  THE  SAME 


Union  Leader  and  Railway  Peo- 
ple Declare  That  They  Will 
Abide  by  Findings  Handed 
Down  by  the  Board, 


Peaceful  settlement  of  the  differences  be- 
tween  t.he  United  Railroads  and  the  car 
men  under  their  employ  marks 'an  epoch 
in  the  labor  situation  in  'the  West.  It  Is 
looked  upon  .by  students  of  the  situation 
&9  the  beginning  of  the  end  of  strikes  on 
this  Coast.  The  acceptance  df  the  situa- 
tion 'amocably  by  both  employers  and  men 
is  regarded  as  a-  healthful  Indication  in 
the  vast  and  complicated  problems  that 
assail  the  relations  .of  capital-  and  labor 
today 

Neither  side  got  what  It  aske$  for,  so 
\he  arbitration  is  what  its  name  signifies, 
&  compromise.  It  took  three  months  of 
headted  argument  and  of  expert  testimony 
before  both  sides  were  willing  to  submit 
their  capes-  to  the  board  The  hearings 
were  held  in  this  city,  and  while  they  con-' 
tlnued  the  public  was  dally  instructed  as 
to  all  detail*  of  wage?  and  living  among 
conductors,  gripmen  and  motormen  of  the 
city  The  prices  of  food,  clothing  fuel, 
rent  and  other  necessaries  wa&  carefully 
considered.  The  railroads  submitted  elab- 
orate  tables  showing  the  costs  of  opera-l 
tion  as  well  as  the  items  of  Income. 


A.   A    Moore  concluctf-d   the  ca?o  for   the 
railroads,    ar.d    the   men    were   also    repre- 
rented   by   counsel,   who  spent  about   $400C 
in   prosecuting    their  claims*.     They   asked 
for  a   flat  raise  of  33  1-3  per  cent,   with  a 
reduction    in    working    hours    from    fen    to 
nine     The  reasons  for  Asking  for  the  raise 
were   the   general   advance   in    the   cost   of 
living  in  San  Francisco,  the  relative  high- 
er standard 'of  wages  among  skilled  labor, 
and  the  general  increase  in  the  prosperity' 
of    the    country    and    city.      The    railroad 
ccm-batted-   their    contentions    by    showing 
that     the    United    Railroad?    paid    higher  ; 
wages  to  its  men  than  were  paid  elsewhere  ' 
In  the  United  States  to  simi'.ar  labor  with  ' 
the  exception  of  the  wages  got  by  the  car  ! 
men  of   Butte,    Montana.     Their  attorney  j 
spent  many  weeks  advancing  a  line  of  ar- 
gujnent  -which    he    later    abandoned    and 
which   evidently   had    no  weight   with    the 
Arbitration,  Board.     He   advanced   seveial 
radical  socialistic  ideas,  claiming  that  thev 
men  should  share  pro  rata  in   the  income 
of  the  company. 

Three     commissioners     were     appointed, 
one    by    the    railroads,    one'   by    the    men 
a=nd  a 'third  by  these  two.     The  railroads 
selected    Patrick    Calhoun,    of    New   York, 
a  rich   attorney   who  owns   a  large   block 
of  stock   in    the   San    Francisco   company. 
These  two  decided  upon  Oscar  S.  Strauss,' 
one  of   the   best   known   men  In   the  pub- 
lic   life    of    the    East    and    a    man    of    un- 
exampled     fairness     and     integrity.      The 
fact    of    his    great    wealth    was    not    con- l 
sidered  an  adverse  reason   for  his  choice,  \ 
as    he    has    frequently    proven    himself   a  \ 
5£?d*vllWc?r  aloner  the   lines   that   con-' 

SSSr       H/   ^1   b€tWeen    capital    ™* 
Xa?        iS  r     ad    been    aPPO^ted    United 
States    Minister   to    Turkey    by    PresldPr, 
Cleveland,   and.    though   a  Democrat     was 
Continued  in  that  office  by  President  Me-] 
Kinley.     He  is  an   author  of  ability  aW 
at    present    is   a     representative     of     *he 
United    States     upon     the    international 
Peace  Tribunal.     It  was  he  who  returned 
the  decision.        ;  , 

Though  the  carmen  spent  $4  000  in 
prosecuting  their  case,  the  money  aS 
going  legitimately  for  witnesses  and  at- 
torneys fees,  'which  were  necessarily 
heavy,  the  United  Saiiroads  spent  about 
tWJ«e  as  much,  and  in  the  same  way 
The  carmen  raised  their  money  by  6ub- 

SChrf  ^  3nd  Publlc  ^ertainments 
while  the  railroad  appropriation  came 
from  the  general  treasury. 

The-  agreement  of  both  sides  when  they 
submitted  to  the  arbitration  was  that  the 
decision  of  the  board  should  be  final  and 
operative  for  one  year,  from  May  l  i&os 
to  May  1.  1904.  The  railroad  agreed  to 
make  the  award  retroactive,  so  that  now 
the  men  will  receive  back  pay  at  the 
advanced  rate,  beginning  May  1.  This 
will  mean  from  $30  to  $40  for  each  man.. 

The  carmen's  wages^  up^  to  the  present 
.Ime  have  been  25  cents  an  hour,  or  $2.50i 
a  day  for  ten  hours  .work.  They  will 
now  receive  $z.75  a.  day,  If  they  have, 
been  in  the  employ  .of  the  company  two] 


46 


'ears  or  more,  and  _$2.(?21/fe  a  day^  if  em- 
ployed less"  than  "two  years. 

The  whole  feeling  of  the  men  may  be 
summed  up  in  the  expression  of  Presi- 
dent Richard  Cornelius,  who  said  this 
morning,  when  It  was  observed  that  some 
concession,  at  least,  had  been  made  to 
the  men: 

"Concession!  Do  you  think  Jt  conces- 
sion to  give  a  man  what  he  earns?  They 
have  not  even  made  that  'concession' 
yet  " 


BY   ARTHUR  HOLLAND,  jj 

President  of  the  United  Rail-  ^ 
roads. 


<$> 


Assuming  the  correctness  of  your 
press  dispatch,  which  I  will  say 
substantially  confirms  our  official 
advices,  I  can  only  say  that,  while 
It  will  add  greatly  to~  our  expense 
account,  and  will  tend  to  a  .policy 
of  retrenchment,  we  shall,  of  course, 
unhesitatingly  cdmply  with  the 
terms  of  the  decision. 


<$> 


BY   TIREY   L,    FORD,    I 

^ 

General     Counsel     for     the  * 
United  Railroads. 


The  railroads  will  abide  by  tne 
declsiop.  You  may  put  that  down 
as  absolute  and  final.  Whatever 
had  been  the  decision  the  company 
would  have  stood  to  it. 


BY  A,   A,   MOOftE 


<§> 


Attorney     for     the     United 
Railroads. 


I  have  nothing  to  say  of  the  com- 
pany's relation  to  the  decision.  I 
conducted  the  case  for  them  and  do 
not  believe  in  speaking  of  my 
client's  business.  They  will  set- 
tle the  matter  now  as  It  se«ms  best 
to  them  to  do.  The  carmen  of  San 
Francisco  are  already  paid  more 
than  those  of  any  other  city  in  the 
United  States,  with  the  single  ex- 
ception of  Butte,  Montana,  which 
is  high  up  In  the  Rocky  Mountains, 
where  It  Is  difficult  to  work  and 
where  all  wages  are  abnormally 
above  the  ordinary  standards.  I 
think  the  carmen  are  exceedingly 
fortunate  In  securing  any  advance. 


<$> 


<•> 


BY  R,  CORNELIUS,      I 
<*> 

President    of    the    Carmen's  <£ 

TT         •  <§> 

Union.  <»> 


Wt  are  men  of  honor  and  shall, 
of  ccurec,  abide  by  the  decision,  as 
we  said  we  should.  It  Is  not  what 
we  expected.  We  asked  for  a  33  1-3 
per  cent  Increase  In  pay  with  a 
reduction  from  ten  to  nine  hours. 
What  they  gave  us  —  a  raise  of  10 
per  cent  for  two  year  men  and  of 
5  per  cent  for  ethers  —  Is  but  a  nom- 
Inal  Increase  and  but  tittle  affects 
the  point  at  Issue.  We  asked  for 
a  Just  reward  for  our  labor,  com- 
mensurate  with  the  money  we 
earned  for  our  employer*.  We  have 
not  been  given  It.  .  However,  we 
shall  abide  by  the  decision.  It 
gives  each  of  th.«  boys  a  little  back 
pay  —  perhaps  $30  to  $40—  '  and  that 
will  be  w6lcdine.  -4f  v>e-  ha_d  It  to 
do  over  again  we  would  not  choose 
Mr.  Strauss  as  the  arbttralor.  He 
Is  a  rich  man,  a  nr  J  I  tl-  millionaire. 
Besides  he  Jives  In  the  East  where 
conditions  are  utterly  different  from 
what  they  are  here.  He.  could  not 
be  expected,  to  Have  any  sympathy 
with  the  carmen  of  ^an7  Francisco. 
Yet  we  do  no^k  make  any  bitter 
complaint.  I  onry  hxjp«  the  com* 
peny  will  not  discriminate  against 
the  four-year  men.  They  could 
easily  be  discharged,  when  new 
men  are  to  be  paid  a  cent  an  hour 
less.  But  I  don't  think  Manager 
Chapman  will  do  that.  He1  has 
too  much  business  sense.  If  he 
does  so  we  will  combat  him.  We 
will  use  the  only  weapon  we  have 
and  tie  him,  u£.  - 


BY   W.   GOLDKUHL, 


Vice-President    of    the 
men's  Union. 


Car- 


The  men  have  put  this  through 
with  their  best  energies  and  have 
no  dissent  to  make  from  the  de- 
cision, although  It  does  not  award 
us  all  we  asked  for.  The  present 
scale  Is  operative  until  next  May 
and  it  Is  safe  to  say  there  will  be 
no  difficulty  until  that-time,  if  then. 
We  are  sorry  that  other  marT  than 
"Mr.  Strauss  was  not  the  deciding 
voice.  If  we  knew  all  we  know 
now  before  we  went  to  New  York 
there  would  have  been  a  different 
man  But  it  Is  decided  and  that 
ends  It  for  the  present. 


<$• 


<§> 


47 


FRANCISCO   EXAMINER-    NOVEMBER     5.     1903- 


Commission  on  Arbitration 
Awards  Carmen  ok  This  City 
An  Increase  in  Their  Wages 


W,  D,  Mahon-  and  Oscar 
Straus  Reach  Their  Decision, 
Though  Colonel  Calhoun  for 
Railroad  Declines  to  Concur, 


[Special  by  leased  wire,  the  longest  in  the  world.] 
NEW  YORK,  November  4.— The  decision 
of  the  commisison  in  the  San  Francisco 
Street  Railway  wage  arbitration  handed 
down  to-day,  as  was  told  in  yesterday's  "Ex- 
aminer." awards  an  increase  of  10  per  cent 
in  wages  to  men  employed  for  two  years 
prior  to  April  1,  1903.  and  of  6  per  cent  to 
those  of  less  service.  Hours  were  left  un- 
changed, and  the  wage  rate  was  deemed 
effective  from  Mayl.  1903,  to  May  1,  1904. 
The  award  was  written  by  Oscar  Straus 
and  assented  to  by  W.  D.  Mahon,  Colonel 
Patrick  Calhoun  declining  to  concur.  The 
award  a.ffects  members  of  the  union  only. 

The  case  *as  of  fai  -reaching  importance, 
Interesting  directly  more  than  3,000  em- 
ployees ot  the  United  Street  Railways  of 
San  Francisco  and  indirectly  employers  and 
trades  union  men  throughout  the  country. 
After  a  strike  in  April,  1902,  the  street 
railway  company  and  its  employees  decided 
to  refer  the  demands  of  the  men  as  to  wage* 
and  hours  presented  in  March  this  year  to 
arbitration,  and  a  commission  \\as  ap- 
pointed, consisting  of  Colonel  Patrick  Cal- 
houn, named  by  the  company  .  W.  D.  Mahon, 
President  of  the  Amalgamated  Association 
of  Street  Railway  Employees  of  America, 
named  by  the  men,  and  Oscar  S.  Straus  of 
New-  York,  selected  by  the  other  two.  The 


men  asked  for  an  increase  from  25  cents  per 
Ijpur  for  a  ten-hour  clay  to  30  cents  per  hour 
for  a  nine-hours. 

COMPANY    URGED    REDUCTION. 

The  company  urged  a  reduction  from  the 
prevailing  scale  on  the  ground  that  it  was 
already  the  highest  in  America  for  services 
of  a  similar  nature,  four  Montana  cities 
alone  excepted.  The  men  ^conceded  this 
fact,  but  declared  that  the  cost  of  living 
in  Sau  Francisco  had  increased  30  £gr  cent 
since  the  25-cent  scale  went  into  effect  and 
that  wages  in  San  Francisco  are  generally 
higher  than  in  other  parts  of  the  country. 
The  company  claimed  the  increase  was  but 
3  per  cent  An  immense  mass  of  testimony 
\\as  heard,  the  hearing  lasting  three  months  ' 
and  arguments  were  heard  in  this  city  last 
month.  For  the  employees  Congressman 
E.  J  Livernash  advanced  the  argument 
that  the  company's  ability  to  pay  the  in- 
crease should  be  considered 

The  award  finds  that  the  wage  standard 
on  the  Pacific  Slope  and  in  San  Francisco 
is  higher  than  t-lsewhere  in  the  United 
States  and  that  there  has  been  an  advance 
in  the  cost  of  living  since  April.  190L',  re- 
ferring to  the  findings  of  the  Anthracite 
Strike  Commission.  In  conclusion  Com- 
missioner 'Straus  expresses  the  hope  and 
expectation  that  the  award  will  be  binding 
for  years  to  come. 


\  ARBITRATION  FOR     J 


LABOR  A  FAILURE 

RICHARD  CORNELIUS,  pres- 
ident of  the  local  Street  Car- 
men's Union,  who  returned 
from  New  York  Tuesday  night,  had 
this  to  say  regarding  tne  decis.on 
of  the  arbitration  board  : 

"I  was  present  durmg  the  entire 
session  of  the  arbitration  board. 
Mr.  Moore,  counsel  for  tne  United 
'Railroads,  bitterly  attacked  the 
street  carmen's  organization  ,n  San 
Francisco  and  organized  labor  m 
general.  Among  other  things  he 
said  that  the  street  carmen  in  San 
:Francisco  were  extravagant  in  their 
manner  of  Jivmgt  that  they  were  in- 
dolent, that  they  had  built  a  wall 
around  themselves  and  defied  any 
one  else  to  ccme.m.  In  fact,  he 
showed  throughout  his  whole  ar- 


49 


50 


gume.nt  the  most  bitter  hostility  to 
organized  labor  in  genera! 

"congressman  Livernash  coun- 
sel for  tne  Street  Carmen's  Union, 
made  one  of  the  most  brilliant  ar- 
guments in  behalf  of  the  street  car- 
men, but  Mr.  Straus,  the  tr.ird  ar- 
bitrator veryp  lamly  showed  that  he 
bitrator,  very  plainly  showed  that 
he  was  prejudiced  against  the 
street  carmen. 

I  am  convinced  that  arbitration, 
so  far  as  the  wprkingman  is  con- 
cerned, is  a  failure,  because  the 
cornpanjes  will  never  accept  a- 
workingman  as  the  umpire.  There- 
fore the  workmgman  must  accept 
an  employer,  who  of  necessity  will 
be  .n  favor  of  the  employing  class. 
Therefore,  I  say,  thatjso  far  as  the 
street  carmen  of  San  hrancisco  are 
concerned  arbitration  is  a  thing  of 
the  past.  We  have  spent  a  vast 
amount  of  money,  we  have,  clearly 
established  our  right  to  the  in- 
crease that  we  asked,  but  Mr. 
Straus,  be'ng  an  employer  of  labor 
himself,  throws  aside  our  evidence 
that  cost  so  much  time  and  money 
to  accumulate,  and  if  the  reports  of 
the  newspapers  rre  correct  has 
given  us  only  a  frac"  on  of  what  we 
should  of  right  have  had. 

1  iVly  trip  East  was  one  of  hard 
work  From  San  Francisco  I  went  to 
San  Antonio  and  tried  to  adjust  dif- 
ference^ between  the  ra.lroad  and 
its  employees.  I  was  under  orders 
at  that  time  from  the  national  pres- 
ident, Mr.  Mahon,  to  investigate 
the  condit  ons  in  San  Antonio  and 
to  report  my  findings  to  the  general 
executive  board,  which  was  in  ses- 
sion fn  Detroit.  I  arrived  in  Detroit 
on  October  7th  and  sat  with  the  ex- 
ecutiv$  board  untH  October  11th. 
From  De-troit  I  went  to  New  York  to 
part  cipate_  in  the  arbitration  pro- 
ceedings Between  the  United  Rail- 
roads arid  the  San  Francisco  union. 
While  in  Mew  York  my  time  was 
principally  occupied  with  Con- 
gressman Liver nash,  who  was  ar- 
ranging the  briefs  to  be  submitted 
to  the  arbitration  commission." 


THE     BULLETIN: 


Dissenting  Member  of  Unitecf 
Railways  Arbitration  Board  at 
New.  York  Files  an  Opinion 
Giving  Reasons, 


NEW  YORK.  '  Nov,.  16.-Pa trick  Cal- 
houn  of  this  city,  a  member  of  the  Arbi- 
tration Commission  which  recently  award- 
ed the  ur  ion  employes  of  the  Unit?d  Rjil- 
wa:>5  of  San  Francisco  an  advance  '  in 
wag«  s,  today  filed  his  disarm  ns  o^I..- 
ton.  giving  his  roa>ons  <vhy  no  tjvance 
should  have  b<en  granted  .The  awfid. 
however  stands,  the  compan}-  a-i-1  the 
mm  having  agreed  to  accept  the  decision 
cf  the  majority  of  tho  commission.  Mr 
» !nlhbun  says  that  he  believes  there  was 
nothing  in  the  (videncc  to  justify Jany 
increase  of  wages  and  continue.?.  •& 

"When  it  Is  admitted  that  tnc  United 
Railways  are  already  pay!::g  a  high  rate 
of  wages;  that  this  rate  of  wages  is  high- 
er than  that  paid  for  the  samo  service  in 
the  great  cities  in  which  l.vlng  is  more 
expensive  than  In  San  FranrJsco.  and 
that  there  is  an  abundance  of  labor  In 
San  Francisco  seeking  empio>mcnt  at  the 
present  high  rate  of  wages.  It  -«*<>ems  to  me 
there  is  no  ground  for  fuf.her  advancing 
the  wages."  ,<$$,  --?_  '^tt^B^^s-  •>  -  * 

He  claims  that  testimony  Rhowtng  an 
advance  in  cost  of  living  of  ;o  prr  cent 
was  -unreliable,  that  this  ad\ame.  based 
on  MQtlstlcs  Of  rroff.Mor  1'U-hn  of  the 
University  of  «*nlifornia  of  I  the  .  five 
months  Of  1!>03  O\<r  th^s  f»»  r  rr»]X'tlding 

months  of  100?.  MHJ  not  rr»orf>  t)»nn  9  per 
cent,  and  that  thin  was  mnrr  than  cov- 
ered by  the  advance  of  1».X  fn 
granted  by  the  company  In  Aorft,  1902. 

51    . 


SAN    FRANCISCO    CALL,     MONDAY,    APRIL   4.    1904 

MOISTDAY,    APTttl>  V    1904 


.MURRAY  &  READY, 
MURRAY.  &  READY: 
MURRAY  &  READY. 
MURRAY  &  READY. 

MURRAY  &.  READY 
MURRAY  &"  READY. 

MUBJt'AY  &  RKADY. 
MURRAY  &  READY. 
MURRAY  &  READY. 

MURRAY  •&   HEADY.   634  and  636  Clay   St. 
PHONE    ^AIN-5848. 

584S  PRONE, 
•Lesdlng  Employcient  and  Labor  Agents. 


TO  EVERY  EMPLOYER  OF  JL* 

WHITE    MALE    HELP— We    can    supply    you 
With  white  male  b«1p  of  alA  kinds 

Frtfe   of   Charge. 

.,  No  syndicate  too  large,  uo  firm  too 'small 
for  ug  to  supply:  no  objection  to  distance; 
we  ship 'good,  help;  phone,  telegraph,  write 
or  call  In  person  and  procure  your  help  from 

MURRAY    &    READY. 
WP  £«vo  employment 

rn  1897  to  upward  of  it.OOO  men. 
In  1898  to  upward  of  19,000  aien. 
In  1880  to  upward  of  21,000  men. 
In  1900  to  upward  of  StJ.OOp  toen. 
in  1901  to  upward  of  37,000  men. 
'  Jtt  1£02  to  upward  of  45,000  men. 
IN    1903    TO;  UPWARD    OF    UO.OOO   MEN.- 
,03106  open  7  A.   M.  dally. 

'Sunday,   8  fo  12  A.   M. 
HeJj>    wanting    work— hundreds     of     places 
Awaltiug  your  selection.    Come,  read  our  bul- 
letin .boards. 


Words  ar>  good,  but  only  so  «rben  hacked 
by  deeds. 

IT)   OUR    PATR.ONS: 

We-  respectfully    wish,  to'  call   your  special 
^attention .  to    the    present    condition    of     the 
Jabor  market. 

•  We  were'  confronted,  early  last  spring 
with' a  great  scarcity  of  good.  IB  f*ct,  any 
class  of  labor,  akilled  or  unskilled. 

The  groat,  demand  for  help  bad  a  tendency 
to    make    labor    stubborn,     consequently     we 
were  unable  to  give  our  patrons  each  excel- 
lent serri,ce  na  we  toave  in  former  years. 
MURRAY  &   READY 
RETURN    THANKS. 

We  are  much. indebted  to  nil  employers  who 
-tboronghlyunderstand  the  labor  market  and 
helped  us -to  share-  somewhat  the- burden  put 
upon  us. 

GOLD   CANNOT   BUY   HONOR. 

The  burden.'  was  not  confined  alone. to  thp 
labor  market.  Onr  entire  business  was  a 
tacked  b.y  unscrupulous  labor  agitators  a^d 
demagogues,  who  demanded  -tbat  we  shori' 
hot  supply  certain  employers  wllh  any  b*jU'. 
"What  onn  wo  offer  you."  asked  these  *^rl- 
lators,  '/financially  ~or  otherwise,-  to  dlsjon- 
tluuef  supplying  them  with  help?"  Our  an- 
swer: "Gentlemen,  there  is  nothing  In  .this 
wprjd  you  or  any  one  else  has  that  wbuld  pur- 
chase from  us  the  freedom  the  'Constitution 
b$:£he  United"  States'  has  given  us.  We  will 
'forever  supply  all  employers  of  help  with 
whatever  help  they  may  so  desire.  Likewise 
xve  will  give  to  all  applicants  for  positions 
a'ny  position  he  is  competent  to  fill.  Croed. 
religion  or  politics,  shall  never  be  mentidned 
in  our  oflBce^  wirl  when  you  get  through,  agi- 
tating at*  retttrn  to.  honest  work  or  go  into 
business  for  yourselves,  come,  to-  us  'and  we 
will  feever  discriminate,  but  will  try  to  make 
a  man' of  you.  A  map  amongst  men,  for  all 
ara  equal  before  God  and  the  law.  That's 
all,  g«ntlcmpn.  Good  day." 

-    WE    BELIEVE    IN- 
JUSTICE   TO    ALL, 


Then  (hey  placed  a  boycott  on  our  Business, 
continued  it  for  four  months;  Jbat  when, they 
,  found,  every  employer  of  help,  large  aad 
small,  rushed  right  to  us  with  their  orders 
for  help  aud  stood  as  sojld  as  the  rocks  of 
Gibraltar,  i»eeln&  .we  doubled  our  .business. 
employing  fourteen  clerks,  sent  out  60,000 
inou— year  1903— they  held  'up-  tneir  hands, 
look  off  the  foolish  .boycott  and  declared  that 
they  could  uet.hurt  rtMurray/'&  Ready.'1 
WHO  ARE  TRUE  FRIENDS  OF  LABOR? 

Procure  not  friends  in  haste,  nor  break,  the 
ties  of   friendship  needlessly.  , 


EMPLOYERS 

YOU    WELL   REMEMBER 

DAY    AFTER    DAY 

WEEK  AFTER  WKEK. 

MONTH  -AFTER  MONTH. 

Many  .othei*.  -San  •  Francisco  employmcnv 
agents  tried  'to  help  these  labor  ngitntors  by 
distributing  leaflets  among  the  workingmen, 
reading  a?  follows:  "Notice — We  do  not  jsup- 
ply  any  employer,  firm  or  corporation  who  has 
a  ina.n  strike  on  him."  Advertised  same  la 
all  S.  F.  papers.  Result:  They  soon  found 
many  large  and  small  employers  of  help  bad 
closed  their  business  relations  with  sncfl 
employment  agents. 

NEVER  AGAIN,  WILL  THESE  WEAK- 
KNEED  EMPLOYMENT  AGENTS  RECEIVE 
THE  PATRONAGE  OF  ANY  EMPLOYER 
WHO  BELIEVES  ALL  , ARE  EQUAL.  ALL 
HAVE  A  RIGHT  TO  WORK  TOR  A  LIVING 
WITHOUT  THE  DICTATION  OF  WALKING 
DELEGATES,  AGITATORS  OR  DEMA- 
GOGUES. 

IT'S   AN   ESTABLISHED    FACT   THAT 
No    employer    of    help    knew    or    knows    any 
moment  the.v  will  have  trouble,  as  these  labor 
agitators  make  a  business  of  making  trouble. 

No;  they  could  not  hurt  us,  because  you, 
<mr  customers,  stood  so  manfully  at  our  back; 
and  for  such  we  are  ever  grateful;  hence  this 
letter  of  thanks, 

SPRING    HAS    OPENED. 
SPRING    HAS    OPENED. 

After  an  exceptionally  unprofitable  winter, 
to  the  .great  ma-ss  ,ot  skilled  and  unskilled 
laborers,  we  still  jQnd  upward  of,  12.000  idl« 
men  and  boys  In  San  Francisco. 

CAUS~E. 

It  became  evident  early  last  fall  to  most 
employers  of  labor  to  either  close  down  or 
curtail  the  employment  of  as  much  labor  as 
they  possible  could  to  remedy,  if  possible, 
the  great  labor  troubles  which  will  take 
place  In  tbe  y.ear  Lg04. 

UNDISPUTABLE  FACT. 
At  aft  times  the  supply   and  demand  regu- 
late and -govern  the  labor  market 

BUT  NOT  THE  AGITATOR, 
W ALK I N G  D ELEG ATE  AND 
UNSCRUPULOUS  LEADER 
OF  LABOR. 

He  is  bad,  not  that  he  was  born  bad,  bat 
because  ho  became  bad  very  soon  thereafter. 

NOW  THIS  YEAR— 1904 
We- find   him   fighting  for  •  life   or  death. 

HE-    MUST    PASS 

Away  for  the  benefit,  not  of  the  minority,  but 
for  the  majority— GREAT  MAJORITY— who 
are  NON-UNION  MEN. 

JUSTICE. 

ALL  MEN  ARE  EQUAL  BEFORE  GOD  AND 
THE  LAW.  NO  MAN  IS  ABOVE  THE  LAW, 
AND  NO  MAN  IS  BELOW  IT.  OBEDI- 
ENCE TO  THE  LAW  IS  DEMANDED  AS 
A  RIGHT,  NOT  ASKED  AS  A  FAVOR.' 


52 


This  year  we  will  be  forced  into  strike 
after  strike. 

Not  at  the  vote  of  the  majority  (tor  the 
majority  of  labor  union  men  do  not  rote 
'unless  through  fear)  but  by  a  eH^fe  under 
control 

OF    THE    AGITATOR. 

UNIONISM    DEFINED. 
All  men  hare  right  to  form  a  union  for  the 
benefit  honestly  derived  from  craft  or  trade 
conpled    with    fraternal    organization,    etc. 
Mi  eh  lasting  good  can  be  done  thereby. 

.BUT   WHEN   THEY   SAY 
Man  cannot  work  beside  them  because  he  does 
not   Join   their   union, 
EAT  AT<  SAME  HOTEL, 
WKAR    SAME    CLOTHES. 
GO   TO   SAME   CHURCH, 
READ   SAME   BOOKS, 

BELONG   TO    SAME   POLITICAL    PARTY, 
FORCE  ONE  STORE  TO  CLOSE  AT  6  P.  M.. 
ALLOW    SALOONS    TO    OPEN    24    HOURS 

DICTATE    TO    KVERY    EMPLOYER    OF 
LABOR  HOW  HE  SHALL  RUN  HIS 

BUSINESS. 
FORCE    HONEST    BUSINESS     MEN     INTO 

BANKRUPTCY, 

Deprive  the  son  of  fa  honeit  mechanic  after 
he  has  received  a  good  education  THE  RIGHT 
TO  LEARN  A  TRADE,  making  criminals  of 
such  boys,  who  eventually  learns  a  trade  in 
SAN  QUENTIN  PRISON; 

FORCE  LAWS  THROUGH  LEGISLATURE 
.(which  ni'2  unconstitutional),  city  and  county 
municipalities; 

Compel    bb*h    DEMOCRATIC    AND    REPUB- 
LICAN PABTY  NOMINEES  andsbundifeds  Of 
fraternal  organizations  to  put  a   union  trade 
sljrn   ("similar   to  a    taraale")  on  them; 
FORCE  MEN  TO  BECOME  IDLE; 
BOYCOT    EVERYBODY    WHO    WILL    NOT 
JOIN'  THEM; 

fcefusw,  men  to  Join  their  unions  who  pleaded 
With  money  in  hand  to  pay  Initiation  .fee,  OB 
a  "pretext  we  have  many  members  out  of 
YET  refuse them  the  right  to 


Let  th«  <"hurch  'irrospeotlv'  of  creed. 

Let   tfctf  good   wouu'n'fi  Hubs  of   this  country, 

YF.A,     LET     EVERY     MOTHER 
From   this -day   on  declare   themst'lris  openly 

BEFORE    GOD    AND    MAN. 
Their   determination    to   stamp   out   once    and 
forever 


AGITATOR  AND  \VALKtXG  DELEGATE.  . 
Then  and  nov  until  thru  will  our.  your  church ... 
your  bomo  be  safe,  'your  children"  will  learn 
a  trade,  not  in  &  stale  priso-j.  but  in,s5nop 
Ijj  the:  oity  or  town  you  reside,  taking  noiu- 
to  his  mother  his  week's  salary,  which  vrul- 
inako  him  a  better  boy,  youth.  auU  a  man. 
among  men. 

MURRAY   &   READY 
ESTING  LABOR  LAW  IN  SUPREME  COURT. 

TVe  are  testing  a  most  ridiculous  law  p&ssedx 
by  last  Legislature.  Synopsis  of.  same: 

Should  any  employe,  of  h  firm,  corporation 
or  of  any  employer  of  "help  sfrika  for  higher' 
wages  or  for  any  other  cause,  you.  or  your 
agents  must  tell  the  u»xt  applicant  cause  of 
last  man  leaving  you  or  of  b!s  dismissal. 

Case  is  n6w  in  Supreme  Court.  We  w.ill. 
advise  you  from  time  to. time  of  success  of 

Thon&ands  of  our  customers  wish  u»  to  send 
them,  n  full  report  pf  our  Mr:  H.  V.  Ready's 
testimony,  tv;^>  and*  a  half  hours,  fifty-live 
pages,  before  United  B.  R.  of  S.  F.  arbitra- 
tion case  of  U.  R.  K.  versus  Street  Carmen'b 
Union. 

W*  will  send  a.  copy  of  r.eport  to  you.  Con- 
gressman Livernash  was  attorney  for  Street 
Cannen's  Unitfn.  He  knew  more  about  the 
labw  :&o.w3t  icit  when  he  go.t  through  with  out- 
Mr.  Rnady  tt»an  if  he  had  atudied  labor  all 
bis  life. 

Just  as  soon  as  our  own  printing  plant  can 
turn  out  same  you  will  receive  it. 

Thanking  yon  for1  all  past  favors  aud  await- 
ing A  continuance  of  eaine,  very  respectfully 
yours,  MURRAY'  * 


STAND   WE    TOOK    Df,ALL  FAST 
RELATIVE    TO    EMPLOYER    AND 


THE 

YEARS    

EMPLOYE      WE      WJLI*      FOLLOW 
YKAR.      NO   CHANGE. 


TJSIS 


looneed  to  them,    competent   to   do  the   work, 
YJCT     THE     AGITATOR     TURNED    JTHEM 

MURRAY   &  BEADY7 
MURRAY"  &    READY. 

DOWN:   MURDER  IS   BAD-TO   STARVE  A 

MURRAY    &    READY. 

MAN    WORSE. 

MURRAY    &    READY. 

FORCE    CAPITAL    OUT    OF    STATB  %A>T> 
COUNTRY:  ^REFUSE  TO   ALLOW   MAN  TO' 
TAKE   A    PARTNER    INTO'fllS    BUSINESS 

MURRAY    &    READY. 
MURRAY    &   READY. 
MURRAY    &   READY. 

CNLESS  they  say  8o 
Force"  milkmen    to    striket    cows,    unahle    to 
uiilk'themselvi's,  -suffer   untoldtorture.  • 

MURRAY   &    READY. 
MURRAY    &   READY. 
MURRAY    &  3READY. 
MURRAY   A   HEADY. 

Force  milk   wagon   drivers'  to  strike  «»  the 
new  born  b*be  lie?  at  sid?  at  mother,  no  nmk 
in  her  breast  to  feed  her.  ft£sprlng  with,   can 
S-n   DO  milk   from    the  cow—  th«.-   NEW   BORN 
BABE  CAN  DIE  OF  STARVATION. 
Turns  a  once  honest  hard  cvo.xk!ng  man  Into 
HOEO  mo  work,  map  loses  ambition). 
STOPS    EDUCATION.        ,                    ««-/>« 

STOPS  CULTIVATION.  POPULATION  OP 
STATE  A\D  COUNTRY 

MURRAY    &   READY. 
MURRAY    &  .READY. 
MURRAY    &    RKADY. 
MURRAY    &   READY. 
MURRAY    &   READY. 
MURRAY    &    READY. 
MURRAY    &    READY. 
MURRAY    &    READY. 
MURRAY    &   READY. 
MURRAY    &    READY. 

FORCE  MEN  WHO  FOR  YEARS  EMPLOY- 
ED    AND    HELD    PJEACKFl*L%  RELATIONS 

MURRAY    &    READY. 
MURRAY    &   READY. 

WITH   his   employe  trf  li«ht   Mai.             .. 
FORCE  MEN   WORTH  $5,  $8.  $7  DA*  TO 
etynd    on    samo  "level--  with    uien    only^^orth 

MURRAY    &    READY. 
MURRAY    &    READY 
MURRAY    &    READY 

'"FORCE  MEN  TO  SUBSCRIBE  part  at  their 

earnings    (vvhic-K  beJoug.'?    to    wif«»    aud  child) 
to  help  defy   laws  of  country. 

THEN    THEY    ARE    WRONG, 

WRONG.  WRONG. 

Then    unionism    hr>corjos    worse  .toau 

SOCIALISM., 
EQUAL, TO   ANARCHISM, 

THKY    nBKY    THBTK    GOD 

AND    BECOME 
TRAITORS  TO  THElk   COUNTRY. 


•fURRAY   &  READY.  634-636  CLAY  ST. 

' — -PHONE    MAIN.   564S 

Leading  Employment  and  Labor  Agents. 

WK    SPEAK 

ITALIAN.  GERMAN,  »»         SPANISH. 

GREEK,  FRENCH.  SWISS 


53 


nited  Railroads  Refuses  lo  Grant 
Demands  of  the  Carmen 


Employes  Quit  Breaking  in  Students 
and  Both  Sides  State  Positions  in 
Relation  to  the  Controversy. 


.,,-,  .^  PVELOPMENTS  in  the  street- 
^  railway  situation  yesterday 
I  included  a,  refusal  on  the  part 
I  J  of  the  management'  of  "the 
United  Railroads  to  accede  to  the 'de- 
rnand  of  the  Carmen's  Union  that  no 
more  students  fee  broken;'  in-  as  plat-* 
form  men  pending  negotiations  re- 
garding the  wage  scale  and  other  pro- 
posals on  the  part  of  the  men,  tb,e  sub- 
mission by  the  compajiy  of  a  new  wage 
contract  carrying  .out  the  term's  of 
the  arbitration  commission's  award, 
and,  a  reply  to  the  union',s  pro'posaH, 
rejecting  them  in  every  material  par- 
ticular. 

With  this  came  a  clear-cut  statement 
frora  the  company  that,  it  had  reached 
the  limit,  in  concession^,  t? .  its  em- 
'ployes,  and  plainly  d-e.cJarfrig-  that  ttte 
time  had  come  when  it  must  take  a 
firm  stafid  against  encfpachmerlts.upqrn 
/its  rights  and  responsibilRreA.  'jh'a 
statement  -given  out  by  General  Man- 
ager Chapman  last  night,  defining  the 
company's,  pdsition  and  declaring  that 
it  is  not  the  desire  of  the  United  Rail- 
. roads  to  disrupt  the  Umion,  and.  that 
jt  wayits  or.iy  peace  and  fair  treat- 
'ment,  there  te  ad^ed  the  following 
very  .significant  statement:.  "While  we 
do~not  expect  trouble,  we  are  not  un- 
prepared for  the  worst,"  It  is  also 
.stated  that  the  conditions  .of 'the  CQm/- 
pany's  .  offer  must  be  accepted  as  a 
Avriole. 

The  Carmen's  Union  held  an  ^execu- 
tive meeting  last  night,  at  which  U 
was  agreed  to  stand  pat  on  their  de- 
termination not  to  ifreak  in  janymore 
students  and  to  /await  some' action. on 
the  part'.oi*  the  company  relative  .to 
1'nis  refusal  before  bringing  matters/to 
a  head. 


It  was  also  agreed  lo  go  on  TOith  the 
conference , relative  .to  the  union's  pro- 
posals a*>d  '  the  agreement  siiftmiued 
by  t&e-comtJany.  in  reply,  provided  no 
ffort  he  .made  by  the  company  to  in- 
struct students.  It  was  stated  at  the 
meeting,  however,  that  at  least  one 
student  haci  received'  instruction  dtir- 
ng  th<*  day,  from  inspectors  of  the 
eoiripany,  and  this  was  stated  'by  the 
officers  of  the  Barmen's  Ur.iion  .to  be 
fully  as  objectionable  a^  the  breaking 
in  cf  men.  through  "union  employes. 
It  was  stated  that  developments  .would 
be  awaited  in  this  line;  that  the  com- 
pany has  about  twenty-five  inspectors 
and  that  it  made  no  difference  whether, 
the  company  broke  i»  men  or  members 
of  the  union  did  so. 

The  union  officials  claimed  Jast  night 
that  no  men  had  been  broken  in  by 
union  employes  since  noon  ,of  yester- 
day, knd  that  the  students  had  been 
pat  off  the  cars  by  the  members  of 
the'  union. 

Secretary   Bowling   said:      "-We    con- 
trol the  situation.    It  is  now  up  to^tbc 
company   to  take   some  action.     None 
of  our  m«ri   have   been   discharged,  er 
laid  off  for  not  breaking  in  students,  \ 
The    officers   of   the 'union    gave,  out^ 
a  statement  last  night  relative  to  the' 
reply  to  its  demands. submitted  by  tfre/ 
company  yesterday.    'They  express  re-'- 
gret    at    tho    company's    attitude    and 
take  up  in  detail  the  points  raised. 

President  .Richard     Cornelius/    and  < 
Secretary- Treasurer  J.  H.  Bowling  of  , 
the    .Carmen's     Union     called     upon., 
Manage/r    Chapman    yesterday    morn- 
ing;,   in    accordance    with    the    instruc* 
tions.  received,  by,  them  Tuesday  night, 
and    made    ?.    demand  •thuf    no*  morv 
students   be  broken  in  per  ling  nego- 
tiations.     The    company     declined     to 
consider    this    demand,    ai|d    at    noon 
orders  .went  out.  from  the  unicp  that 
its  members  should;  Refuse  to  instruct 
students.    These  orders   were  ,  not  en,- ; 
tirely"  ...obeyed., .  In    a    number    pf.iA-, 


55 


stances  new  men  sent  out  for  instruc- 
tion were  kept  on  the  cars  throughout 
the  afternoon,  'but  there  were  also 
several  instances  where  instruction  j 
was  refused  »by  the  regnJar  men  on 
th'e  cars.  These  cases  were  reported 
'to  Manager  Chapman,  but  no  imme- 
diate action  was  taken. 

Etering  the  foYenoon  there  was  one' 
instance  of  conflict  over  the  .attempt 
to  break  Vn  men.  On  a;  Valencia-street 
car,  near  Twenty-  fourth,  '  Joht\;  Her- 
man, a  student,  had  been  put  on  the 
car  for  instruction.  .  The  gripman 
started  a.  controversy  over  the  mat- 
ter of  strike-breakers,  andva  number 
of  union  sympathizers  crowded^.  into 
the  grirf  space  and  assisted  in  'hus- 
tling Herman  about  and  making  mat- 
tors  gpnferarty  uncomfortable  for  him. 
One  passenger,"  a  big  fellow,  reached 
over  and  punched  Herman  several 
times.  A  •policeman  standing  en  the 
Corner  In  full  sight  .of  the  assault 
made"  no  attempt  to  interfere. 

COMPANY'S 


I  Yesterday  afternoon  the  company 
forwarded  to  "  the  .  union's  officials, 
president,  Cornelius  ,  and  -  Secretary- 
Tjea^ufe-r  Bowling,-  'Its*  formal  reply 
to  the  proposals,  together  with  the 
new  .contract  agreement.  The  reply 
is  fcs  follows: 
Gentlemen: 

Referring:  to  .voter  letter  of  .the  2d  to 
the  jiresM^ntl  of  this  company,  and  to 
the  conditional  form  of  agreement  that 
accompanied  it,  we  join  you  in  the  hope 
that  sferttnis  Controversy  may  be  avoided 
a.i?d  that  our  relations  during  the  com-' 
in'g  year  or>a>  be  unstrained  „  and, 
pleasant.  •  v 

-  We  new  make  formal  reply  and-shbuld 
.be  pleased  to  hear  from-  you  in  answer. 
either  in  writing,  or  in  conference  with 
your  committee.-'  or  in  bi>th  ways,  as 
you  prefer..  Your  praporsed  agreement 
is  In  ten  section^.  .  The  first  and  sec- 
ond propose,  arbitration  in  regard  to 
grievances  or  complaints.  The  third 
does-  away  wUh  the;  wage  .scale  'recently 
fixed  by  Messrs  Mahpn  arid  Straus,  and 
ti.e  third  al£o  relates  to  badges,  suspen- 
sJons/And  uniform?.  The  fourth,  fifth, 
sixth,  seventh  and  ninth  propose  differ- 
ent runs,  timo  tables,  hours  and  wage's 
from  those  fixed  by  the  award  referred 
to.  The  eighth  'section  makes  it  obliga- 
tory upon  all  employes  eligible  to  the 
union  to  join  yovir  union  withfri  :  sixty 
d0>'s,  and  makes  it  obligatory'  upon  the 
company  to  "diecnar3:&  all  'rjon-unlon 
men  who  are  eligible  to  th§  union.  The 
tenth  provides  that  no  employe  of  -this 
company  shall  suffer  -a  redaction  in.  Ma 
wa#es  because  of  or  through  the1.,  cpeifa- 
tidn  of  this  proposed  conditional  agree- 
ment. 

While  we  are  /Ugain  wUling  ..to'  Iea 
to  the  arbitration.  at  present  provided 
i.ie  interpretation  of  the  meaning-  of  any 
clause  of  the.  contract  wevm'ay  enter 
into,  we  can  not  leave  to  any  form  of 
arbitration  matters  affecting  employ- 
ment and  discharge:  and  while  the  com- 
pany wllj  treat  directly  with*-  the  duly 
accredited  'Officers,  ol\  the  union  under 
•tb«*  recognition  .given  last  year,  the 


oiiir-»«ny  can  not  treat  with  compiciints 
oat  involve  the  abdication  of  the  m;m- 
yyineru  and  lc-ga.1  obligations  of  Us 
uislness.  but  must. stand  by  the  present. 


\VItLI.    NOT    UNLONIZE    ROAD. 

The  clauses  in  relation  to  arbitration.  - 
aa  well  as  the  clause  obliging  employes) 
to  join  the'- union  within  sixty  days,  in- 
v,lviii£r  the  abdication  of  this  company 
of  its  Rights  and 'clinics  in  the  m 
mcnt'ot'  its  business,  cannot  be-  a 
to. 

The  company;  as  stated  las*.  y<?ar.  run 
no  lawful  right  to  yield  to  others  th-  se- 
lection and  dismissal  of  its  •  pmployrv 
and  cannot  indirectly  divest  itself  of  id 
duty  imposed  by  law.  nor  arbitral*.-  away, 
r.or  surrender  the  powers  necessary  u. 
perform  thosft  diuies.  It.,  is  our  duty,  as 
we  have  stated,  10  seleetsteatly.sob»Taiid 
trustworthy  men  to  operate  our  cars. 
to  make  all  useful  rules  ana  regulatlona 
to  govern  their,  conduct,  and  to  provide 
satisfactory  service  to  the- traveling  pub- 
li«.  And  while  the  company  recognizer 
the  right  of  every  employe  to  belong  to  a 
union,  the  demands  of  the  association 
limiting  or.  restricting  the  company  in 
the  performance  of  its  duty  in  the  «£-» 
lection,  retention  'or  dismissal  of  e:n- 
ployeo  are  respectfully  declined.  And  we 
extract  the  following  trblh  the  report  of 
the  Anthracite  Coal  Commission  on  this 
subject: 

The  Commission  adjudges  and 
awards:  That  .nb-  p'erson  sha'll  be 
refused  employment,  or  in  .any- 
way discriminated  Against,  on  ac- 
count of  membership  or  non-mem- 
bership in  any  labor  organization; 
and  that  there  shall  -be  no  dis- 
crimination against,  b'r  Interr'er- 
Jerence  with,  any  employe  who  Is 
^.not  a  member  of  any  labor  organi- 
zation by  members  of  such  organi- 
zation. 

As  to  section  3 — all  employes  can  now 
ride  fr(.-e  on  thc-ir  division  on  badges,  and 
can  riilf;  tree  throughout  the  city  when 
in  i'ul!  uniform,  and  the  company  does 
not  st-e  its  way  to  change  "this  liberal 
provision  nor  to  go  -further  in  -respect  to 
uniforms  than  to  permit,  as:  at  present, 
platform  men  to  buy  wherever  they 
please,  provided  -they  conform  to  the 
Specifications  of  the  compariy. 

In  section  three  you.  further  ask  that 
in  case  of  the  reinstatement  of  a  mem- 
ber of  the  union  for  alleged  viola/tion 
of  any  rule  of  the  corppany  he  shall  be 
paid  for  time  lost,  provided  he  Is  found 
"not  guilty'.1  of  such,  violation.  This  is 
the  rule  as  provided  by  section  seven 
of  the  present  agreement,  but  you' far- 
ther ask  that  a  board  of  arbitration 
may  decide  .whether  any  of  the  com- 
pany's rules  '  have  been  violated.  This 
w'ould  take  from  the  company  the  power 
to  conduct  its.  own  business,  and  to 
this  we  can. not  consent, 'but  must  abide, 
by  the  present  agreement  .in  this  respect. 

POSITION     AS     TO     WAGES. 

Clause  ten  will  be  .gladly  acceded  to 
by  us,  provided  the  proposition  with  re- 
gard to  wages  made  by  us  later  in  this 

'letter  "is    accepted.      Clauses    foar,    rive-. 

,slk<  seven  and  nine  in  your  proposed 
agreement  cover  wages,  hours,  runs  and 
tin^e  tables,  all  of  which  have  been  lately 

•  passed  upon  by  Messrs.  Mahon  and 
Str'avrtrlrt  their,. award,  arid  the  company 

..cah.Jijkft',. accede   to    the   union's    request,- 


56 


in    these    respects 

In  view  of  the  short  time  remaining 
under  the  present  contract,  and  of  re- 
ports of  a  lockout  and  reduction 'of 
wages  on  our  part;  we  desire  to  make 
an  open  statement  of  our  intentions  as 
regards  wages  and  as  regards  the  late 
award. 

Before  announcing  our  intention  in 
this  respect,  it  Is'  -fitting  to  state  con- 
cisely the  history  of  the  past  two  years 
bearing  upon  our  relations  with  each 
other. 

When  the  United  Railroads  took  con- 
trol of  its  several  properties  on  April  1,. 
1902,  it  found  the  wages  paid  on  the  Mar- 
ket-.street  line  22  cents  an  hour,  with  a 
bonus  for  long  service.  This  scale  was 
one  of  the  highest,  paid  anywhere.  Tine 
other  lines  taken'over  by  the  compatiy 
were  paying  a  Jqwer  rate  and  the  com- 
pany then  .stated  that  these  lower  wages 
would  be  raised  to  the  higher  Markct- 
ftreet  scale  Nineteen  days  thereafter 
a  Mrtke  occurred,  and  a  demand  was 
made  that  the  wages  be  raJsed  to  25 
rents  flat,  that  being  the  highest  rate 
p?rd  under  the  Market-street  graduated 
.stale  The  company  conceded  this  de- 
mand in  full,  although  a  lower  basis 
would— it*  was  and  is  sure — have  'Seen 
practicable  This  increase  was  made 
•  without  any  effort  at  a  compromise 
tiguret  for  the  purpose  of  securing  en- 
tiro  commitment  among  the  men,  and  to 
insure  a  prolonged  period  of  peace.  This 
.xpcctatina  was  not  realized— wlt&jn  six 
months  further  trouble  arose,  snd  on 
Mnr«:h  13,  1903  renewed  demands  were 
made  asking  for  a  minimum  rate  of 
33  1-3  cents  per  hou~r  up  to  50  cents  per 
hour  The  company  considered  this  de- 
mand  most  unreasonable,  but  agreed  to 
submit  the  same  to  arbitration.  Inves- 
tigation showed  that  the  average  wage 
paid  in  37n  American  cities  was  but  ISVfc 
cents  per  hou?' 

HIGH    WAGES    PAID    HERE. 

ThirtN -seven  days  were  consumed  In 
taking  the  testimony  in  the  arbitration 
proceedings  and  three  days  spent  in  ar- 
gument in  New  York  city,  dn  November 
3d  a  decision  was  rendered  by  the  ar- 
biters, Messrs  Mahon  of  Detroit,  presi- 
dent of  International  Carmen's  Union, 
and  Straus  of  New  York  The  other 
arbiter  Mr  Calhoun  of  New  York  dis- 
sented from  the  award 

The  arbiters  -found  that  the  carmen  s 
u.iges  then  being  paid  in  San  Francisco 
u  c  r e  from  10  to  15  per  cent  higher  than 
those  paid  elsewhere  in  America,  except 
on  a  f,ew  small  lines,  in  the  State  of 
Montana  but  in  s,pite  of  that  finding  to 
M-isure  prolonged  industrial  peace,  the 
award  gave  to  the  carmen  the  increase 
hriein  mentioned 

These  wages  are  unusually  high,  but 
iru-  award  said 

,  have  been  largely 
ir.fli:enced  by  the  clesire  and  pur- 
pose to  establish  a  permanent 
peace  between  the  company  and 
its  employes,  to  encourage  a  spirit 


of   mutual   confidence, 


,   etc 


increase  volunteered  by  the  com- 
p-ar>  whr-n  it  first  purchased  the  prop- 
ei  ties  was  intended  to  secure  industrial, 
peace 

The  Increase  three  weeks  later  to  a 
fla\  rate  cf  25  cents,  being  all  your  union 
demanded,  wa ;  conceded  to  secure  indns- 
tr:ai  peace 


The  increase  granted  .by  the  arbiters, 
which  constitutes  our  present  scale,  was 
granted  for  the  expressed  purpose  of 
securing  prolonged  industr.al  peace 

The  award  of  the  arbiters  is  but  a  few 
months  old'  We  entered  into  a  solemn 
convention  to  arbitrate  our  wage  dif-  ! 
ferences  and  though  the  result  cf  that 
arbitration  was  a  great  disappointment 
to  the  company  and  imposed  heavy  ad- 
ditional burdens  upon  It,  and  while  since 
that  time  wages  have  been  and  are  be- 
ing reduced  throughout  America,  yet  ' 
with  the  award,  so  lately  made,  itself 
pleading  for  its  continuance  and  for  in- 
dustrial peace,  it  Biould  bt  trifling  with 
the  public  to  now^gfeek  a  fresh  adjust- 
ment of  this  scale  became  it  failed  to 
comport  with  our  own  ideas,  and  thus 
precipitate  a  controversy  that  must 
vyork  great  injury  to  the  city  and  incon- 
venience to  i-.-.o  public. 

GpMPANY    DESIRES    PEACE. 

Three  times  this  company  has  given 
evidence'  of  its  desire  for  industrial 
peace  and  its  willingness  to  pay  for  it. 
We  have  passed  through,  the  experience 
of  making  a  voluntary  tender  of  in- 
creased wages  without  any  demand  Jiav- 
tn&  been  made  therefor.  It  failed. 

We  have  passed  through  the  period 
of  yielding  to  the  men  e\«ery  cent  of 
wage  demand  they  asked  for  It  failed. 
We  have  passed  through  prolonged 
arbitration,  in  which  an  increase  was 
given  to  secure  prolonged  Industrial 
peace.  It  failed.  • 

During  the  last  few  months  conditions 
throughout  the  country  have  greatly 
changed;  reductions  in  wages  have  been 
widespread.  As  testifying  to  this  we 
extract  the  following  from  John  Mitch- 
ell's recent  advice  that  the  miners  of 
bituminous  coal  accept  a  reduction  of 
Signer  cent  rather  than  strike  to  main- 
tain! the  existing  scale. 
Mr  Mitchell  said- 

Jt  is  conceded  on  all  sides  that 
the  apex  of  industrial  activity  has 
been  reached  and  we  are  slowly 
moving  toward  an  industrial  de- 
precsion  Th£  operators  came  into 
the  joint  convention  asking  for  a.  ; 
reduction  in  wages  of  15  per  cent. 
Thi-lr  proposition  was  opposed  by 
us  with  all  tJv-  inform^t^a  '*nd 
skill  at  our  command  As*U8n  ul- 
timatum from  which  they  could 
not  be-  muvcd  th<  y  offered  us  a 
reduction  frc-m  present  .scale 
prices  of  5  53  p^r  cent. 

We  know  how  hard  It  is  to  be 
compelled  to  accept  a  reduction  in  • 
wages,  but  it  is  better  to  accept  a 
slightb  lower  rate  and  hold  your 
organization  Intact,  ready  to  take 
advantage  of  any  improvements 
which  the  future  of  the  trade  may 
show,  than  to-  be  forcc-d  to  accept 
a  greater  reduction  at  the  end  of 
a  disastrous  strike  that  may  leave- 
our  organization  so  weakened  and 
demoralized  that  it  wo-uld  be  un- 
able to  cope  with  the  vast  com- 
binations of  capital  now  engaged 
In.  the  coal  trade. 

The  maintenance  of  our  present  high 
scale  of  wag*?s  does  not  comport  with 
these  conditions.  The  company,  how- 
ever, for  the  purpose  of  securing  indus- 
trial peace,  avoiding  interruption  of  its 
service  to  the  public,  of  securing  steady 


57 


58 


emp 


employment  to  its  men.  of  preserving  its 
deserved  reputation  as  a  liberal  pay- 
master, is  willing  to  continue  the  award 
of  Messrs.  Mahon  and  Straus,  and  in  a 
most -liberal  spirit,  though  resulting  in 
some  additional  burden  on  this  com- 
pany over  the  present  scale. 

HAS     REACHED     LIMIT. 

The  company  states  explicitly  that  the 
limit  has  been  reached  and  that  no 
higher  wages  will  be  paid;  that  the 
condition  of  the  o/fer  is  that  it  must  be 
accepted  as  a  whole,  and  that  it  brings 
about  the  desired  industrial  peace.  The 
failure  of  either  of  these  conditions  will 
relieve  the  company  of  any  obligation  to 
pay  the  wages  under  the  present  award 
after  April  30th  next. 

The  award  of  Messrs.  Straus  antf  Ma- 
hon gave  no  advance  to  men  who  en- 
tered the  company's  service  on  or  after 
April  1.  1903. 

Under  a  strict  interpretation  of  the 
award  the  wages  from  April  30,  1904,  to 
April  30,  1905,  would  be  as  follows: 

No  platform  men  entering  the 
company's  employ  on  or  after 
-April  1,  1903.  would  receive  more 
than  25  cents  an  hour.  Men  em-, 
ployed  between  April  1/1901,.  and 
April  1.  1903,  would  receive  26*4 
cents,  and  men  employed  prior  to 
'  April  1,  1901,  would'  receive  27% 

cents.  , 

'  It  might  be  said  that  th*  passage  of 
another  year  should,  In  fairness  on  a 
graded  scale,  bring  promotion  to  a  high- 
er grade.  Taking  that  vkelv  of  the  mat- 
ter, platform  men  employed  on  and  after 
April  1;  1904.  should  receive  25  cents  an 
hour;  platform  men  employed  between 
April  I.  1902,  and  April  1.  1904,  should  re- 
ceive 26%  cents  an  hour;  and  platform 
men  employed  prior  to  April  •  1,  1902, 
should  receive  21^  cents  an  houf. 

A  sliding  scale  based  upon  the  date  of 
employment  rather  than  the  arbitrary 
date  of  May  1st  would  be  decidedly  to 
the  interest-of  the  men.  The  25-ce-nt  men 
would  thus  gradually  pass  to-  the  26 Vi- 
cf-nt  grade,  and.,  in  turn,  the  26*4  grade 
to  the  27^-cent  class.  This  would  result 
as  follows:  All  employes  to  work  ^it  z5 
cents  an  hour  during  the  first  year  of 
their  employment.  Those  employes  who 
have  been  in  the  service  more  than  one 
year  and  under  three  years,  to  receive 
26\4  cents,  and  those  who  have  been  In 
the  service  more  than  three  years,  27 Vi 
cents. 

THE    COMPANY'S    OFFER. 

The  co'mpany  will  stand  upon  the  scale 
of    wages    fixed    by    the   award   and    give 
»    still    more    liberal    construction,    and 
will,    after  April   30th    next,   put    into   ef-  ; 
feet   the   wage  scale  as  follows. 

All  platform  men  in  the  employ  of 
the  company  for  a  period  of  one  year 
and  under  shall  be  paid  25  cents  per 
hour. 

All  platform  men  in  the  employ  of 
the  company  from  one  to  two  years 
shall  be  paid  26'/4  cents  per  hour. 

All  platform  men  in  the  employ  of 
the  company  over  two  years  shall  be 
paid  27'/2  cents  per  hour. 

All  those  in  other  departments 
whose  wages  were  affected  through 
length  of  service  by  the  award  to 
>jave  their  wages  readjusted  on  the 
£>asis  of  the  award. 


We'  have  reached  a.  place  now  where 
we  must  respectfully  refuse  to  consider 
any  demands  looking  to  an  increase  ,-^f 
wages  beyond  this. 

We  ask  our  employes  to  consider  wise- 
ly and  well  pjl  that  has  gone  before,  and 
we  submit  tne  ca.se  to  them  and  to  an, 
unprejudiced  public  with  entire  con- 
fidence that~thei:  verdict  will  be  that 
we  have  acted  fairly  and  generously 
with  our  men.  and  believe  they  v,li 
agree  that  we  have  reached  a  point  be- 
yond which  we  cannot  go 

DOES     NOT     SEEK     TROUBLE. 

We    do    not    welcome    a    labor    disturb- 
ance—we have  already  made  heavy  sac- 
rifices to  avoid  it,  and  to  avoid  the  pub- 
lic  inconvenience   and   the  distinct   harm  . 
that  must  follow. 

It  is  the  desire  of  this  company  not 
to  be  misunderstood.  This  offer  of  a 
continued  high  scale  Curing  an  era  of 
v.age  reductions  is  made  to  secure  in- 
dustrial peace  and  avoid  public  Incon- 
venience, and.  failing  in  that,  the  oft'^r- 
falls. 

Under  this  arrangement  255  platform' 
men  now  receiving  26*4  cents  would  im- 
mediately enter  the  27^-cent  class.  Be- 
fore eleven  months  expired  a  total  of 
562  men  would  be  so  promoted  Imme- 
diately this  scale  goes  into  effect  six- 
teen men  of  the  25-cent  class  are  pro- 
moled  to  the  2614-cent  class.  During  the. 
next  six  months  195  more  are  .promoter 
and  during  the  next  six  months  221  more 
26-cent  men  would  secure  simUar  pro- 
motion. This  is  a  matter  every  mar.- 
may  figure  out  for  himself  and  we  invite 
them  to  study  well  the  effect  of  this 
proposed  scale. 

The  compajiy  is  convinced  that  this 
proposition  should  be  accepted  as  a 
whole  by  its  employes,  and  that  this 
frank  and  full  statement  will  result  in 
a  continuation  of  the  present  award, 
broadened  in  its  scope,  as  stated,  and  as, 
shown  by  the  contract  annexed. 

The  company  further  suggests  that. 
this  proposed  contract  be  submitted  to- 
all  of  the  men.  to  be  voted  upon  by 
them  by  secret  ballot,  that  a  fair  and 
full  expression  of  their  opinion  may  be 
secured.  The  company  feels  sure  that, 
wisdom  should  prevail  and  thai  the  pro-, 
posed  contract  should  be  ratified  '\ 

CHAPMAN'S    STATEMENT. 


General     Manager     Chapman 
out      the     following     statement-  last' 
night: 

The  carmen  to  whom  had  been  as-  • 
signed  "the  breaking  in  of  students  re- 
fused to  instruct  them  ;.f:cr  12  o'clock,.; 
This  i?.  of  course,  ?.  .willful  disobedience' 
of  1)10  coirp&ro's  ir?  tractions  and  a 
clear  violation  of  or.r  contract  Last 
year  they  refr.sed"  to  ?:gn  the  cards  or 
studc-r.is  who  had  bc-r<n  "i)ruk<:-n  in;"  this 
ytar  they  refuse  to  break  t^em  in  at 
all  We"  werv  compelled  to  suspc-nd  ;\ 
number  of  good  men  last  \ear  in  cor- 
spquerce  of  their  insubordination.  This 
matter  will  have  attention  in  due  lime 

The  answer  and  wage  -proposal  of  the 
company  w*s  fc<*r:d».u  to  Messrs  Bowling 
and  Cornehub  to-da>  In  their  original 
interview  and  letter  these  gentlemen 
asked  tr.Jtt  the  co:npany  go  into  a  con- 
ferer.cc  wiin  the  officers  of  the  union 
',  ,-tr  the  procured  contract  for  the  en- 
Misr.s  >r?sr.  ai.d  i  his  conference  or-  a 
written"  communication  we  expect  in  a.- 

few    d;o* 


59 


in  view  of  the  very  generous  applica- 
tion of  the  Straus  award  which  the  eom- 
pany  has  announced,  it  is  difficult  to 
see  how  the  men.  if  given  an  opportunely 
to  express  their  views,  can  reject  th'e 
company's  offer 

In  their  letter  to  (he  eomrany  the  car- 
men expressed  the  hope  that  the  "in- 
oustnal  peace"  spoken  of  t\  Mr  Straus 
would  be  continued.  Mr.  Straus,  in  giv- 
ing the  carmen  an  Increased  wage,  said 
he  had  "been  largely  influenced  by  the 
desire  and  .  purpose  to  establish  a  per- 
manent peace  between  the  company  and 
Us  men,"  and  said  it  was  Jiis"  expecta- 
tion that  the  scale  named  by  him  would 
continue  for  a  longer  period  than  one 
year  and  that  he  hoped  it  wruld  continue 
"for  years  to  com?,  beyono  the  period 
specified."  Compare  this  plainly-state*! 
and'  broad-minaed  sentiment  with  the 
rather  misleading  languag  •  of  the  car- 
men. They  express  a  strong  desire  for 
the  character  of  industrial  peace  hoped 
for  by  Arbiter  Straus,  whom  they  then 
suddenly  desert  and  set  up  an  entirely 
new  and  more  onerous  set  of  terms  as 
the  peace  basis. 


MUST    END    SOMEWHERE. 

Surely  this  sort  of  thing  must  end 
somewhere.  The,  award  gav^  the  increase 
for  "permanent  peace."  We  have  been 
paying,  and  paying  well,  for  "permanent 
peace."  Now  it  appears  that  the  elusive 
thing  called  "peace"  has  disappeared. 
The  men,  accepted  the  award  upon  the 
terms  stated  in  the  award  and  a  resolu- 
tion, of  the  union  has  declared,  *"th^ 
members  of  the  Carmen  s  Union  have 
received  1125,000  additional  .money  under 
the  award//  They  do^  not  propose  that 
'  permanent  industrial  peace"  shall  ex- 
tend longer  than  five  months,  for  only 
five  months  ago  the  awartL  was  written. 

The  public  should  not  be>- misled  into 
believing  the  position  '  of  the  union 
leaders  to  be  accidental.  It  has  been 
under  way  and  preparing  ever  since  the 
fcWard  was  published.  From  all  sides 
We  have  heard  threats  to  "do  us  up  i;i 
(Spring,",  and  though  at  first  inclined 
to- discredit  these  tales  we  were  finally 
forced  to  believe  that  a"  socialistic  mi- 
nority were  determined  at  any  cost  to 
renew  hostilities  in  tho  spring,  and 
these  are  the  same  men  who  are  now 
cornplaining  that  the  company  is  en- 
deavoring to  "disrupt  the  union."  and 
demand  that  we  stop  "breaking  in" 
students. 

No  fair  conception  of  the  conditions 
we  have  been  living  under  can  be  con- 
Veyed  to -the  public  in  a  single  interview. 

At  no  time  within  my  knowledge  has 
this  company  been'  free  from  attacks 
\fter  conceding  all  the  men  demanded 
in  1902.  the  attacks  broke  out  almost  im 
mediately  and  continued  up  to  the  arbi- 
tration. While  arbitration  was  in  prog- 
ress we  \\ere  told  what  would  "happen 
to  us"  in  the  spring.  While  it  was  be- 
ing argued  at  New  York,  the  arbiters 
were  told  that  the  San  Francisco  car- 
men were  "restless"  and  "apt  to  make 
trouble  ar.d  precipitate  an  industrial 
war."  When  we  were  at  great  extra 
expense,  attempting  to  work  out  the 
increases  due  to  the  men  for  back  pay 
under  the  award,  we  were  charged  with 
unnecessarily  annoying  the  men' by  pur- 
nosely  delaying. 


A      VOLUNTARY      OFFF.R.    ^ 

The  men  had  this  back  pay  coming 
because  the  "companj  volunt/jrijy  ••  of 
fered  that  whatever  the  awarj  of  th«v 
board  should  be  it  shouM  date  hark. 
and  for  this,  in  a  letter  d&tetl  April  13. 
1903,  the  union  said.  "We  thank  you  fo» 
promising  that  whatever  wagt»s  sh  •»;.!<••«•. 
finally  agreed  on  shall  take  effect  •»«!••»? 
May  1,  1903."  Trten  its  officers  n<»i-;.n', 
permitted  these  attacks  but  encoi'»Htf"l 
them.  * 

We  have  not  had  a  rr.onth'A 
within  my  knowledge,  and  thcxvor.i«f.ir ; 
nagging  the  fcompany  has  beefT  subjovs'«"« 
to  can  only  be  ascribed  to  the  element 
that  is  misrepresenting  labor  union  prin- 
ciples and  try'ng  to  make  it  appear  that 
we  are  hostile  to  all  labor  unions. 

Our     statements     have     been     miscon- 
strued   and    given    a    meaning   never    in-  . 
tended.      Words    and     expressions    have 
been    attributed    to    the    company     that*; 
were  mere  inventions,  and  it  is- Apparent 
there   will    be   no    peace   so    long   as    this 
element  and  not  s tr'ct  union  men  act  as  ' 
the   representatives    of    trades    unionism. 

With  these  conditions  staring  us  in 
the  face  a  few  leaders  of  the  carmen 
seek  to  vest  in  themselves  the  right  to 
hire  and  d'scharge  our  employes,  for  their 
request  in  this  connect'pn  Is  just  about 
the  same  as  the  demands  of  last  year, 
except  that  they  are  more  carefully 
worded.  The  public  was  shocked  a  year 
ago  at  the  demands. 

They  now  ask  that  if  a  man  be  dis- 
charged on  the  complaint  of  any  passen- 
ger—man or  woman— that  if  the  employe 
feels  that  he  has  been  unjustly  dis- 
charged, the  citizen  must  be  brought  be- 
fore a  court  of  a-rbitors  to  tell  h**  or  lirr 
side  of  the  story.  Just  Imagine  th:s  con- 
dition of  affairs.  No  one-  would  tin 
complain— no  matter  what  the  off< 
might  be. 

CARMEN'S     1'ROPOSAL. 

Section  S  of  the  carmen's  proposed  coa- , 
tract   in   effect   says: 

1-Men  whu  have  been  expelled 
by  the  union  for  non-payment  of 
dues  01  other  reasons  cannot  re- 
main in  the  company's  employ 

2— Men    who    are    refused    aduits- 1 
sion    to   the    union   cannot  \be   em-  V 
ployed   over   sixty    d.ivs. 
By  this  section  the  l^aii^r*  couM  exer- 
cise   a   supervision    over    every    man    tho  I 
company  might   hire  and   %eto  tho   hiring 
by   refusing   to   permit   such    men   to  join 
the    union,    and    miprht    dismiss    any    ma:i 
they    chose    from    the   company's   service  v 
by  merely  suspending  him  or  them  from 
the  union. 

To  ii>!d  to  such  a  drniami  woulil  be  t«» 
subordinate  the  public  service  to  a  cou-^ 
trol  that  could  never  be  held  responsible 
for  its.  mistakes,  would  place  tho  com- 
pany in  the  position  of  shirking  its 
boundeu  legal  duty,  would  disrupt  too 
service  and  produce  results,  the  evils  of 
which  must  be  apparent  to  every  man  or 
woman  who  will  give  the  matter  a  mo- 
ment s  thought  Street  railway  servit-o' 
is  like  no  other  service  in  this  respect 

In  conclusion.  I  can  only  say  we  do 
not  expect  serious  trouble.  iu>r  do  wo 
want  it.  We  do  not  exptct  to  nor  do  we 
want  to  disrupt  the  union,  we  do  wan: 
peace,  and  we  do  want  fair  treatment 
While  we  do  not  expect  trouble,  we  ar> 
not  unprepared  for  the  worst.  We  "are 
willing  lo^ive  .up  to  tho  award  of  the 
arbiters  ana  have  even  offered  to  broad- 


60 


en  its  scope,  notwithstanding  the  fact 
that  wages  are  being  reduced  all,  ovfi 
America,  and  this.  notwithstanding  the 
fact  that  we  are  paying  the  highest 
wages  paid  on  ea>-th  on  any  equally  large 
system  to  men  in  similar  employment/ 

REPLY     OF     UMON. 

At  midnight  last  night  the  Execu- 
tive committee  of  the  Carmen's 
JJjUon  gave  out  the  following  state- 
ment of  Us  side  of  the  convention: 

The  reply  cf  the  United  Railroads  to 
the  proposition  submitted  by  the  Cat- 
men's  I.'nion  is  decidedly  disappointing 
The  union  had  hoped  that  the-  concilia- 
tory attitude  it  had  assumed  and  the 
tncderation  of  the  terms  of  the  agree- 
ment submitted  by  it  would  have  the 
effect  of  inducing  the  company  to  cease 
all  warlike  preparations  and  accept  at 
least  the  principle  clauses  In  our  agree- 
ment and  proceed  to  dispose  of  the  minor 
matters  In  conference  Instead,  the  com- 
pany has  declined  to  accept  any  of  the 
new  conditions  proposed  by  the  Carmen's 
Union,  and  in  tts  very  lengthy  statement 
giving  its  reasons  for  refusing  to  ap- 
prove the  union's  proposition.  Indulges  In 
considerable  sop-histry  with  the  evident 
Design  of  misleading  the  public  on  the 
merits  of  the  issues  Involved. 

In  declining  to  approve  of  the  arbitra 
tion    plan    proposed    by    the    union,    the 
company    tries    to   make   it    appear    that 
i he    union    is    endeavoring     to      infringe 
upon  the  employer's  right  to  hire  and  dis- 
charge.    The  provision  submitted  by  the 
union  Is  not  intended  to  destroy  the  ad- 
mitted rights  of  the  company  in  this  re- 
spect and  does  not  warrant  the  strained 
construction  placed  upon  It  by  Mr    Hol- 
land,     ffad    the    officials    of    the    United 
Railroads  dealt  exact  justice  to  their  em 
ployes  during  the  ln,st   year  there  would 
nave  hern  little  or  fVo  necessity   for  this 
arbitration   provision;    but   such    has   no 
been  the  case.    The  severity  6f  the  disci 
pline  enforced  has  invariably  been  meas 
ured   by  the  standing  of  the   accused  In 
ihe-  union,   and    the   union,   in    proposing 
the  arbitration   measure,     was     actuatec 
solely   by  a  desire   to  put   into  operation 
some*    measure    whereby     the     employes 
tright    be    insured    exact     Justice     wher 
charged  with  infractions  of  rules  or  when 
they      presented      grievances      regarding 
working  conditions  that  were  worthy   o 
redress.  The  provision  covering  this  mat 
te*  was  so  drafted  as  to  preclude  the  pos 
sibility   that   it   would   be  abuecd.   or  in 
voketj  at  all  except  In  important  cases 

UNION      RECOGNITION. 


The  refusal  of  the  company  to  effect 
Ively  recognize  the  union  by  accepting 
the  provision  which  removed  ^11  barrier 
to  the  union  exercising  full  jurisdiction 
over  employes  destroys  the  value  o 
everything:  thr  officials  have  said  here 
toforc  and  repeat  in  this  statement  con 
cerning-  their  professed  good  will  toward 
tho  union  Thr  compan>'s  genera!  man 
ager  and  prcsidp-nt  have  repeafdly  ?al 
that  (bey  recognized  the  right  of  the! 
emp!o>es  to  joir,.  Oe  union,  but.  a? 
matter  of  fa-*!  they  have  for  some  tim 
•past  openly  and  '  formally  refused  t 
consent  to  the  exercise  Of  lhat  right 
even  going  so  far  as  to  require  appli 
cants  for  work  to  sign  an  a,frr<"omcnt  no 
to  join  the  union. 

Under  such  circnmstanr os  it  is  hardl 
to  be  wondered  at  that  the  members  o 
the  union  seriously  question  the  sincer 


y  of  the  general  statements  Messrs, 
olland  and  Chapman  make  regarding 
recognition"  of  the  union  and  of  th- 
ght  of  their  employes  to  affiliate 
ith  it. 

In   view  cf  the  known   practice  of  the 
jnipany     tn    ufusing    recently    to    hire 
who   would    not    profess   anti- union 
entiments  and  sign  contracts  not  to  Join 
ie  union  the  quotation  from  the  award 
f   the   Anthracite   Coal   Commission   de- 
laring    against    discrimination     because 
f  the  union   or  non-union   affiliation  of 
mployes.  savors  of  effrontery- 
The    provisions    of    Arbitrator    Straus* 
ward    creating     three    classes    of    era- 
>loyes  aroused   more   criticism   and   ere-  ', 
tea    greater    dissatisfaction    among    the  > 
nen   than   any   other  feature  of  his  de- 
ialon.    Once  broken  in  and  accepted  as 
a   competent   employe,    a   platform    man 
ommences  to  tender  service  to  the  com- 
pany equal  in  value  to  that  given  by  his 
associates    «n    the    service    .and    no    fair 
ea»on  exists  why  he  should  not  receive 
ike  remuneration.     This  fact  is  so  evi- 
dent  that  extended   argument   to  estab- 
it  seems  entirely  unnecessary 

FULL  WAGE  FOR  PULL  SERVICE. 

In  our  proposition  to  the  company  tve 
merely  asked  that  all  men  performing 
ike  service  should  receive  equal  wages— 
and  in  fi-x'ng  -the  raie  of  wages  we  ac- 
cepted Arbitrator  Straus'  figure  .rather 
than  those  we  formerly  contended  for. 
It  will  be  remembered  that  the  tcsti2 
mony  given  before  the  arbitration  boara 
ast  year  showed  that  the  cost  of  living 
had  advanced  at  least  10  per  cent  (to 
quote  a  very  conservative  authority), 
and  the  wage  rate  proposed  by  the  union, 
i-;  exactly  a  10  per  cent  increase  over1 
that  in  force  one  year  ago,  although, 
as  pointed  out  in  our  statement  of  yes- 
ierday.  the  number  of  men  who  wou'd 
receive  an  increase  in  the  present  rate 
of  wages  is  less  than  one-fourth  of  the 
ccmpaXy's  employes. 

The  company  la.y'*  stress  on 'the  fact 
that  wage  reductions  have  recently  been 
made  in  various  industries,  and  quotes 
John  Mitchell's  advice  to  the  coal  Tnfners. 
to  accept  5^  per  cent  reduction  In  their 
\vages  These  reduct'ons  were  avowedly- 
made  because  of  a  fall  in  the  prices  of 
the -products  of  the  concerns  making  the 
cuts  in  wages  How  can  the  United  Rail- 
roads fairly  claim  tha,t  similar  conditions 
affect  its  revenues?  As  a  matier  ot 
fact,  the  company's  profits  arc  daily  in- 
creasing and  conditions  promise  with 
certainty  that  they  will  continue  to  in- 
cre£s.e  for  some  time  to  come. 

The  amendments  of  clauses  in  the  ex- 
isting agreement  proposed  by  the  union 
are  of  minor  importance.  The  changes 
are  very  slight  and  that  the  company 
should  unequivocally  refuse  to  accede 
to  any  of  them  is  indeed  surprising.  Th* 
ilrst  amendment  relates  to  the  privileges 
granted  employes  of  riding  free  on  the 
cars.  They  are  now  permitted  to  do 
so  on  their  own  division^  when  in  full 
uniform.  The  union  asked  that  this  priv- 
ilege be  extended  so  that  employes  might 
ride  on  any  of  theciines  on  showing  their 
badge  to  the  conductor. 


WAGES     FOR     TIME     LOST. 

In  regard  to  flaying  wagps  to  men 
for  time  lest  while  they  were  sus- 
pended, if  it  \\us  found  that  they  hau 
been  guilty  of  no  offense,  a  sim.ilar  ruly 
exists  now.  "The  present  agreement  pro- 
vides that  a  suspended  employe  sh»M  be 
paid  wages  for  time  lost  If  the  officers 


61 


62 


^S*5sSs 


lliljffifjfi 

Infill  stt  If 
!  li^sfl^-^ 


63 


UNIVERSITY    ' 


A.N    FRANCISCO    CHUONICLE, 


THE    SAM    FRANCISCO    CALL, 


APRIL    25<     1904. 


TFIE   FND   IN    SIGHT 

THE    I'RESRM     IXll  CATION    OF     CMOMSM. 
MUST     PASS     AWAY 

V\i;hln  a  short  time  this  city  vcill  Oe.  plunged' 
into  the  gr.atest  labor  trouble  lo  the  history 
of  this  or  any  other  dl? 

VYhat    will   be   Ibp   outcome? 

Sherman  said:  War  Is  h — -1  "  If  b«  were 
fill  re  to. day  he  would  consider  the  oolonism  of 
Son  Frar.elsro  worse*  than  Hvar. 

The  majority  of  Jo.-ulors  of  labor  unions  are 
so  unscrupulous  In  All  their  dealings  as  to  be 
easily  roctigulzed  as  full -fledged  anarchists  in 
everything  but  name.  Their  sole  aim  and  de 
sli>  ?.-.-ms  to  be  to  pull  down  and  destroy  rather 
than  build  up  and  foster.  They  care  nothing- 
for  either  the  safety  or  conveuieivce  of  the 
public  or  the  welfare  of  those  dependent  upou 
the  ones  under  their  control. 

What  do  strikes  bring  men  to?  They  tear 
the  honest,  hard-working  man  away  from  his 
loving  \viff  and  family  to  do  Iba  bidding  of 
these  unsci  upulous  agitators,  even  to  defying 
the  laws,  both  of  God  and  man:  waylay  the 
honest  non-union  ruau,  taking  him  by  force 
when  honestly  employed  in  bis  occupation,  lay- 
ing bis  bared  arm  upon  the  sidewalk  and  jump- 
Ing  uj'on  It  until  it  was  broken  «nd  trodden 
to  a  pulp,  using  threats  and  other  violence, 
and  in  some  cases  even  .murder;  starves  the 
Innocent  wife  and'  children,  destroys  man's 
business  and  forces  hluu  into  bankruptcy:  prac- 
tcally  kills  all  commercial  businasa  and  ad- 
i-ertisos  world  wide  the  anarchistic  tendenclea 
for  whl^h  they  are  noted. 

The  preat  mftjorlry  of  labor  has  tim«  and 
again  proclaimed.  "Give  them  rope  enough  and 
they  will  hang  themselves."  i 

"We  will  wait  and  see  them  do  It."  has' 
been  the  motto  of  the  non-union  man.  for 
after  all  the  non-union  men  are  the  consprva- 
tive  men  of  this  country,  wbo  ha**  always 
gained  the  sympathy  of  the  public,  and  public 
opinion  can  never  be  dethroned. 

Whatever  may  be  the  catastrophe  to  either 
Capital  or  Labor,  in  the  forthcoming  strikes 
and  consequent  lockouts,  we  openly  declare  oor- 
Si-Iros.  before  Gcd  and  man,  that  we  will  never 
discriminate. 

To  the  emplover  so  unfortunate  «s  to  have 
these  agitators  "and  walking  delegates  force  a 
strike  upon  them,  our  ufflce  will  b«  ever  open 
day  and  night  to  «upply  you  with  help  yoa 
need.  ;. 

To  those  more  unfortunate  because,  when 
hold  in  the  srasp  of  these  unscrupulous  agita- 
tors they  \\ere  compelled  to  do  their  bidding 
by  striking  on  their  employers  we  extend  /in 
c-arncst  desire  ;o  m.ike  men  of  th<>ni  and  by  so 
doing  we  will  place  you  side  by  side  with  non- 
union men 

MURRAY  &  READY: 


CARTOON  i.— WALKING  DELEGATE  demands  that  milkers  strike 
Cows  unable  to  milk  themselves,  suffer  untold  torture. 


CARTOON  2— WALKING  DELEGATE  forces  milk  wagon  drivers 
to  strike  thereby  causing  the  new  born  babe,  lying  at  side  of  mother  with 
no  milk  in  her  breasts,  to  die  of  starvation. 


CARTOON     3.— Babe    is    dead.       WALKING     DELEGATE     stops 
funeral  at  roadside  and  would  not  allow  drivers  to  proceed  to  the  cemetrey. 


CARTOON  4. — Father  of  babe,  assisted  by  friends,  has  dragged  the 
abandoned  hearse  to  cemetery.  WALKING  DELEGATE  again  inter- 
feres by  refusing  to  allow  grave  diggers  to  bury  the  dead.  Father's 
appeal  to  WALKING  DELEGATE  has  no  effect. 


THE 


CA      i, 


SAN    FRANCISCO,    TUESDAY,    APRIL    26,    1904. 

Almost  Unanimously  theOperators  on  Cars  in 
City  Vote  to  Reject  the  Company's  Terms 

By  an  overwhelming  vote  the  car  operators  on  the  system  of  the  Unit  jd  Rail- 
roads voted  yesterday  that  the  final  terms  offered  them  by  the  company  were  not 
acceptable.  This  does  not  necessarily  mean  that  a  strike  is  imminent,  according 
to  W.  D.  Mahon,  international  president  of  the  union.  After  the  result  had  been 
announced  he  t-aid  tuat  the  matters  in  dispute  would  be  resubmitted  to  the  com- 
pany in  the  hope  that  a  more  favorable  ruling  could  be  obtained  from  the  United 
.Railroads.  In  case  all  further  overtures  for  industrial  peace  are  rejected  he  says, 
the  employes  of  the  United  Railroads  will  quit  in  a  body.  When  General  Mana- 
ger Chapman  heard  the  result  of  the  vote  he  declared  that  the  United  Railroads 
would  always  be  glad  to  go  into  conference  with  the  accredited  representatives  of 
its  employes,  though  the  terms  offered  them  were  unalterable. 


OP/WIOW 

APPEARS 
DECISIVE 

— .—  » 

Vast   Majority    Say 

That  They  JZre 

Wronged. 

Ballot  Test  Gives  a 

Chance  for  'Ex* 

pression. 

With  a  negative  vote  that  is  almost 
b.eyond  the  necessity  of  mention,  the 
men  wtoo  <*re  running  ihe  street  cars 


on  the  Umte-J  Railroads  of'San  Fran- 
cifco  determined  yesterday  that  the 
terms  offered  them  by  the  company 
were  unacceptable.  The  result  of  the 
secret  ballot  was  2031  against  accept- 
ance and  141  in  favor. 

The  result  was  easily  forecasted  in 
the  afternoon  from  the  remarks  of  the 
voters  as  they  filed  into  line.  Still,  even 
the  most  hopeful  of  the  radicals  did  not 
look  for  such  an  overwhelming  major- 
ity in  favor  of  a  rejection  of  tho  offers 
of  their  employers. 

This  vote  does  not  necessarily  mean 
that  a  strike  of  the  street  car  employes 
Is  inevitable.  International  President 
Mahon  said,  after  the  result  had  been 
announced,  that  he  and  other  repre- 
sentatives of  the  union  would  g.o  into 
conference  with  the  officers  of  the 
United  Railroads  and  try  to  obtain 
some  concession'  un  the  disputed  points. 
He  declared  it  was  not  the  intention 
of  the  union  to  force  a  strike  and  that 
every  effort  would  be  made  by  himselt 
and  the  local  representatives  of  the 
organization  to  obtain  a  peaceable 


68 


THE  RINGMASTER  AND  HIS  DOG  DO  SOME  DIFFICULT  TRICKS— This  cartoon 
expresses  very  plainly  one  phase  of  the  labor  situation  of  today.  The  union  man  stands 
in  his  penniless  home  which  is  just  barely  supported  from  day  to  day  by  his  hard  earned 
wages.  The  walking  delegate  orders  him  to  walk  out  on  a  strike  in  sympathy  with  some 
other  union.  If  he  falters,  he  is  "persuaded"  to  do  so  with  the  threat  of  being  expelled 
from  his  union.  The  union  man  blinded  by  his  confidence  in  the  walking  delegate  does  as 
he  is  bid,  often  only  to  plunge  into  the  depths  of  starvation.  He  has  nothing  to  gain  and 
all  to  lose;  but  the  walking  delegate  must  make  a  living,  (other  than  working  himself.) 


- 


settlement  of  the  existing  difficulties. 
When  asked  i-f  the  operators  of  cars 
were  still  unsatisfied  on  April  30,  the 
date  when  the  annual  agreement  with 
the  company  is  ended,  what  the  end( 
of  the  trouble  would  be,  he  said: 

"They   will  quit  work,  I   suppose."      , 

General  Manager  Chapman,  who  is 
the  accredited  spokesman  of  the  United 
Railroads,  listened  calmly  when  the  re- 
sult of  the  vote  of  the  union  was  an- 
nounced to  him.  When  asked  whether 
~>r  not  any  further  negotiations  would 
DC  entertained  from  representatives  of 
the  union  he  said: 

4'We  have  taken  the  publi^  into  our 
confidence  in  many  printed  state- 
ments and  generally  it  knows  what 
our  position  is  on  this  last  trouble.  I 
am  not  in  a  position  to  discuss  the 
fliture  action  of  the  company,  but  as 
I  have  always  said,  we  are  willing  to 
entertain  in  all  situations  suggestions 
from_our  employes  and  their  accred- 
ited representatives.'.' 

MEN  GUARD  BALLOT. 

In  the  morning  hours  a  number  of 
benches  sufficiently  protected  the  bal- 
lot box  from  interference.  Two  men 
sat  constantly  before  the  cylinder  in 
which  the  ballots  were  deposited  and 
carefully  scrutinized  the  credentials  of 
the  men  who  offered  their  votes.  Be- 
fore tfyem  they  had  lists  of  the  varimrff 
'-operators  on  the  different  car^rtnes  of 
the  city  and  the  election  clerks  inva- 
riably checked  these  off.  Some  came 
to  vote  who  had  not  paid  their  April 
dues  and  their  ballots  were  promptly 
rejected.  Each  man  put  his  ballot  in 
the  box  with  his  own  hands.  When  he 
had  voted  his  union  card  of  the  cur- 
rent mo-nth  was  stamped  "Voted,"  and 
this  precluded  any  chance  of  two  votes 
for  one  member. 

Generally  speaking,  there  was  no 
rush  of  the  voters.  In  the  early  after- 
noon many  of  the  men  found  it  con- 
venient to  visit  headquarters  and  de-1 
posit  their  ballots. 

CROWDING   AVOIDED. 

When  it  became  apparent  that  crowd- 
ing was  threatened,  a  rope  was 
stretched  from  the  swinging  doors  of 
'the  hall  to  the  stage,  and  along  this 
the  voters  filed  singly  until  they 
reached  the  booths.  Ten  of  these  had 
been  erected  for  the  occasion,  differing 
.n  no  way  from  the  usual  provisions  of 
the  Australian  ballot  s.vstem.  Most  of 


the  men  appeared  in  unifoim.  and 
before  "t  o'clock  it  became  apparent 
thru  a  particularly  heavy  vote  had, 
been  polled.  At  that  hour  aci.  rding 
to  the  talliers,  more  than  2100  out  »»f 
2350  employes  had  cast  their  bail. us 

During  the  night  most  of  the  \oters  , 
came  in  citizens'  clothes.    Almost  ^nh-  i 
out    exception    they    ^were      intelligent  f 
looking     men     who    dVe.ssed    well     and 
would  be   presentable    in   any    walk   of 
life. 

GO   F^RTH  BRAVELY. 

No  soldier  ever  went  into  battle  in 
better  spirit  than  these  street  car  mtu 
went  to  the  polls.  They  were  entirely 
willing  to  abide  the  issue,  whatever  it 
might  be,  and  give  a  laugh  in  the  face 
of  defeat  or  victory. 
~As  far  as  cojuld  be  judged  publicly 
no  effort  was  made  by  any  of  the 
officers  of  the  union  to  influence  the 
result  International  President  Mabon 
spent  most  of  the  afiernoon  and  even-' 
[ing  in  the  secretary's  headquarters, 
but  he  declined  to  see  any  one.  When 
the  vote  was  being  counted  he  stood 
inside  the  railing  and  kept  close  tally 
on  the  result.  Outside  of  this  he  took 
no  active 'part  in  the  balloting. 
|  Richard  Cornelius,  local  president  uf 
the  union,  \\as  also  inconspicuous  dur 
ing  the  casting  of  the  vote.  When  the 
count  commenced  he  put  in  an  appear 
a  nee  and  kept  a  close  watch  on  the 
talliers. 

SING    AS    THEY    VOTE. 

;'    During    the    balloting   there    was    al- 
ways some  member  of  the  union   who  \ 
got   busy  with    the   piano  on   the   plat-  / 
form  and   many  joined   'n   singing    tfv: 
popular  songs  of  the  day.    These  adde  I 
largely    to    relieve    the    tedium    of     the 
election  officials. 

Three  prominent  officers  of  the  union 
were*  present  all  during  the  balloting 
to  supervise  and  pass  on  credentials 
Altogether  they  comprised  four  shift*, 
consisting  of  W.  G.  Burton.  W  L. 
Jackson  and  G.  J.  Becht  for  the  first  ' 
r«Maj  ;  P.  Marks,  W.  S.  Shafer  and  A 
B.  Hr.  rely  on  the  second  relay,  A.  B 
Harris.  G.  A.  Mitchell  nd  R  Henry 
on  the  third  relay,  and  F.  Buckley,  S 
Prout  and  B.  D.  Whiting  on  the  fourth 
relay.  After  the  ballots  were  cast  W  A 
Hughson  and  C.  P.  Hanlon  were  dele- 
gated to  watch  the  work  of  the  tal- 
liers. 


71 


CONCLUSION. 

The  reader  who  has  perused  this  far  has  undoubtedly  formed  some  opinions 
of  his  own.  A  proof  of  the  many-sidedness  of  human  nature  is  to  be  found  in 
the  diametrically  opposed  opinions  of  supposedly  fair  men  who  have  heard  the 
same  testimony  at  the  same  place  and  at  the  same  time. 

Many  of  the  carmen  undoubtedly  are  perfectly  honest  in  thinking  that  they 
are  justified  in  receiving  a  greatly  increased  wage.  But  we  venture  to  hazard 
the  remark  that  all  these  men  who  think  thus  are  imbued  with  the  cheap  socialism 
current  in  so  many  quarters. 

That  view  of  life  being  demonstrably  incorrect  to  any  but  the  crudest  and 
most  ignorant  thinkers,  causes  a  man  to  look  at  things  from  a  wrong  standpoint, 
and  there  we  believe  lies  the  reason  of  the  diametrically  opposed  conclusions. 
Such  men  ae  tkose  believe  capital  has  no  rights;  they  have  heard  the  street- 
ranters  say  that  labor  produces  everything,  and  believing  that  they  think  labor 
should  receive  everything.  With  this  class  of  men  there  is  no  use  reasoning,  the 
only  hope  lies  in  the  chance  that  advancing  years  will  moderate  their  views  as 
they  do  for  even  the  most  impetuous  of  men. 

In  this  connection,  the  words  of  the  late  Vicar  of  Christ  have  a  peculiar  sig- 
nificance.    None  are  there  who  will  not  pay  attention  to  the  words  of  one  who, 
though  the  Pontiff  of  the  Eoman  Catholic  Church,  had  a  sympathy  that  extended 
to  all  men  beyond  the  petty  limits  of  creed,  race,  or  social  status. 
Extract  from  Pope  Leo  XIIPs  Encyclical  Letter  Rerum  Novarum,  May  15,  1891. 

"To  remedy  these  wrongs  the  Socialists,  working  on  the  poor  man's  envy 
of  the  rich,  are  striving  to  do  away  with  private  property,  and  contend  that 
individual  possessions  should  become  the  common  property  of  all,  to  be  admin- 
istered by  the  State  or  by  municipal  bodies.  They  hold  that  by  thus  transferring 
property  from  private  individuals  to  the  community,  the  present  mischievous 
state  of  things  will  be  set  to  rights,  inasmuch  as  each  citizen  will  then  get  his 
fair  share  of  whatever  there  is  .to  enjoy.  But  their  contentions  are  so  clearly 
powerless  to  end  the  controversy  that  were  they  carried  into  effect  the  working- 
man  himself  would  be  among  the  first  to  suffer.  They  are,  moreover,  emphatically 
unjust,  because  they  would  rob  the  lawful  possessor,  bring  State  action  into  a 
sphere  not  within  its  competence,  and  create  utter  confusion  in  the  community. 

"It  is  surely  undeniable  that,  when  a  man  engages  in  remunerative  labor, 
the  impelling  reason  and  motive  of  his  work  is  to  obtain  property,  and  thereafter 
to  hold  it  as  his  very  own.  If  one  man  hires  out  to  another  his  strength  or  skill, 
he  does  so  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  in  return  what  is  necessary  for  sustenance 
and  education;  he  therefore  expressly  intends  to  acquire  a  right  full  and  real, 
not  only  to  the  remuneration,  but  also  to  the  disposal  of  such  remuneration  just 
as  he  pleases.  Thus,  if  he  lives  sparingly,  saves  money,  and>  for  greater  security, 
invests  his  savings  in  land,  the  land,  in  such  case,  is  only  his  wages  under  another 
form;  and,  consequently,  a  workingman's  little  estate  thus  purchased  should  be 
as  completely  at  his  full  disposal  as  are  the  wages  he  receives  for  his  labor. 
But  it  is  precisely  in  such  power  of  disposal  that  ownership  obtains,  whether 
the  property  consist  of  land  or  chattels.  Socialists,  therefore,  by  endeavoring 
to  transfer  the  possessions  of  individuals  to  the  community  at  large,  strike  at 
the  interests  of  every  wage-earner,  since  they  would  deprive  him  of  the  liberty 
of  disposing  of  his  wages,  and  thereby  of  all  hope  and  possibility  of  increasing 
his  stock  and  of  bettering  his  condition  in  life. 

"What  is  of  far  greater  moment,  however,  is  the  fact  that  the  remedy  they 
propose  is  manifestly  against  justice.  For  every  man  has  by  nature  the  right 
to  possess  property  as  his  own.  This  is  one  of  the  chief  points  of  distinction 
between  man  and  the  animal  creation,  for  the  brute  has  no  power  of  self -direction, 
but  is  governed  by  two  main  instincts,  which  keep  his  powers  on  the  alert,  impel 
him  to  develop  them  in  a  fitting  manner,  and  stimulate  and  determine  him  to 
action  without  any  power  of  choice.  One  of  these  instincts  is  self -preservation, 
the  other  the  propagation  of  the  species.  Both  can  attain  their  purpose  by 
means  of  things  which  lie  within  range;  beyond  their  verge  the  brute  creation 
cannot  go,  for  they  are  moved  to  action  by  their  senses  only,  and  in  'the  special 
direction  which  these  suggest.  But  with  man  it  is  wholly  different.  He  possesses, 
on  the  one  hand,  the  full  perfection  of  the  animal  being,  and  hence  enjoys, 
at  least  as  much  as  the  rest  of  the  animal  kind,  the  fruition  of  things  material. 
But  animal  nature,  however  perfect,  is  far  from  representing  the  human  being 
in  its  completeness,  and  is  in  truth  but  humanity's  humble  handmaid,  made  to 
serve  and  to  obey.  It  is  the  mind,  or  reason,  which  is  the  predominant  element 
in  us  who  are  human  creatures;  it  is  this  which  renders  a  human  being  human, 

73 


&nd  distinguishes  him  essentially  and  generically  from  the  brute.  And  on  this 
very  account — that  man  alone  among  the  animal  creation  is  endowed  with  reason 
— it  must  be  within  his  right  to  possess  things  not  merely  for  temporary  and 
momentary  use,  as  other  living  things  do,  but  to  have  and  to  hold  them  in 
stable  and  permanent  possession;  he  must  have  not  only  things  that  perish  in 
the  use  of  them,  but  those  also  which,  though  they  have  been  reduced  into  use, 
remain  his  own  for  further  use. 

"This  becomes  still  more  clearly  evident  if  man's  nature  be  considered  a 
little  more  deeply.  For  man,  fathoming  by  his  faculty  of  reason  matters  without 
number,  and  linking  the  future  with  the  present,  becoming,  furthermore,  by 
taking  enlightened  forethought,  master  of  his  own  acts,  guides  his  ways  under 
the  eternal  law  and  the  power  of  God,  whose  providence  governs  all  things. 
Wherefore  it  is  in  his  power  to  exercise  his  choice  not  only  as  to  matters  that 
regard  his  present  welfare,  but  also  about  those  which  he  deems  may  be  for 
his  advantage  in  time  yet  to  come.  Hence  man  not.  only  can  possess  the  fruits 
of  the  earth,  but  also  the  very  soil,  inasmuch  as  from  the  produce  of  the  earth 
he  has  to  lay  by  provision  for  the  future.  Man's  needs  do  not  die  out,  but 
recur;  although  satisfied  to-day,  they  demand  fresh  supplies  for  to-morrow. 
Nature  accordingly  owes  to  man  a  storehouse  that  shall  never  fail,  affording 
the  daily  supply  for  his  daily  wants.  And  this  he  finds  solely  in  the  inexhaustible 
fertility  of  the  earth. 

"Neither  do  we,  at  this  stage,  need  to  bring  into  action  the  interference 
of  the  State.  Man  precedes  the  State,  and  possesses,  prior  to  the  formation  of 
any  State,  the  right  of  providing  for  the  sustenance  of  his  body.  Now  to  affirm 
that  God  has  given  the  earth  for  the  use  and  enjoyment  of  the  whole  human 
race  is  not  to  deny  that  private  property  is  lawful.  For  God  has  granted  the 
earth  to  mankind  in  general,  not  in  the  sense  that  all  without  distinction  can 
deal  with  it  as  they  like,  but  rather  that  no  part  of  it  has  been  assigned  to  any  one 
in  particular,  and  that  the  limits  of  private  possession  have  been  left  to  be  fixed 
by  man's  own  industry,  and  by  the  laws  of  individual  races.  Moreover,  the 
earth,  even  though  apportioned  among  private  owners,  ceases  not  thereby  to 
minister  to  the  needs  of  all,  inasmuch  as  there  is  no  one  who  does  not  sustain 
life  from  what  the  land  produces.  Those  who  do  not  possess  the  soil  contribute 
their  labor;  hence  it  may  truly  be  said  that  all  human  subsistence  is  derived 
either  from  labor  on  one's  own  land,  or  from  some  toil,  some  calling  which  is 
paid  for  either  in  the  produce  of  the  land  itself,  or  in  that  which  is  exchanged 
for  what  the  land  brings  forth. 

„  "Here,  again,  we  have  further  proof  that  private  ownership  is  in  accordance 
with  the  law  of  nature.  Truly,  that  which  is  required  for  the  preservation  of 
life,  and  for  life's  well-being,  is  produced  in  great  abundance  from  the  soil, 
but  not  until  man  has  brought  it  into  cultivation  and  expended  upon  it  his 
solicitude  and  skill.  Now,  when  man  thus  turns  the  activity  of  his  mind  and 
the  strength  of  his  body  towards  procuring  the  fruits  of  nature,  by  such  act  he 
makes  his  own  that  portion  of  nature's  field  which  he  cultivates — that  portion 
on  which  he  leaves,  as  it  were,  the  impress  of  his  individuality;  and  it  cannot 
but  be  just  that  he  should  possess  that  portion  as  his  very  own,  and  have  a  right 
to  hold  it  without  any  one  being  justified  in  violating  that  right. 

"So  strong  and  convincing  are  these  arguments,  that  it  seems  amazing  that 
some  should  now  be  setting  up  anew  certain  obsolete  opinions  in  opposition  to 
what  is  here  laid  down.  They  assert  that  it  is  right  for  private  persons  to  have 
the  use  of  the  soil  and  its  various  fruits,  but  that  it  is  unjust  for  any  one  to 
possess  outright  either  the  land  on  which  he  has  built,  or  the  estate  which  he 
has  brought  under  cultivation.  But  those  who  deny  these  rights  do  not  perceive 
that  they  are  defrauding  man  of  what  his  own  labor  has  produced.  For  the  soil 
which  is  tilled  and  cultivated  with  toil  and  skill  utterly  changes  its  conditions: 
it  was  wild  beiore,  now  it  is  fruitful;  was  barren,  but  now  brings  forth  in 
abundance.  That  which  has  thus  altered  and  improved  the  land  becomes  so 
truly  part  of  itself  as  to  be  in  great  measure  indistinguishable  and  inseparable 
from  it.  Is  it  just  that  the  fruit  of  a  man's  own  sweat  and  labor  should  be 
possessed  and  enjoyed  by  any  one  else?  As  effects  follow  their  cause,  so  is  it 
just  and  right  that  the  results  of  labor  should  belong  to  those  who  have  bestowed 
their  labor. 

"With  reason,  then,  the  common  opinion  of  mankind,  little  affected  by  the 
few  dissentients  who  have  contended  for  the  opposite  view,  has  found  in  the 
careful  study  of  nature,  and  in  the  laws  of  nature,  the  foundations  of  the  division 
of  property,  and  the  practice  of  all  ages  has  consecrated  the  principle  of  private 
ownership,  as  being  pre-eminently  in  conformity  with  human  nature,  and  as 

'"'     74 


•conducing  in  the  most  unmistakable  manner  to  the  peace  and  tranquility  01 
human  existence.  The  same  principle  is  confirmed  and  enforced  by  the  civil 
laws — laws  which,  so  long  as  they  are  just,  derive  from  the  law  of  nature  their 
binding  force.  The  authority  of  the  divine  law  adds  its  sanction,  forbidding  us 
in  severest  terms  even  to  covet  that  which  is  another's: — Thou  shalt  not  covet  thy 
neighbor's  wife;  nor  his  house,  nor  his  field,  nor  his  man-servant,  nor  his  maid- 
servant, nor  hi-s  ox,  nor  his  ass,  nor  anything  which  is  his." 

To  men  who  admit  chat  capital  has  some  right  to  receive  a  just  return  on 
its  investments,  who  think  that  those  who  provide  the  funds  wherewith  to 
finance  great  undertakings,  and  employ  thousands  of  men  have  a  right  to  receive 
liberal  reward,  it  can  be  proven  beyond  the  shadow  of  a  doubt  that  the 
United  Railroads  are  in  the  right.  Should  the  seeming  wave  of  insanity  which 
has  wrecked  labor  unionism  in  Chicago  reach  San  Francisco  and  cause  the  car- 
men to  strike,  we  venture  to  predict  that  in  a  very  short  time  Cornelius  and  his 
fellow7  grafters  will  be  compelled  to  flee  to  escape  the  vengeance  of  their  deluded 
victims.  The  places  will  be  filled  in  a  week  or  less,  and  the  truth  of  Mr.  Ready's 
statement  on  the  witness  stand  that  he  could  fill  every  place  vacated  by  the 
carmen  in  a  few  days  will  be  proved.  The  United  Railroads  can  stand  the  strike 
indefinitely  if  they  choose,  or  if  they  should  conclude  to  throw  the  road  into  the 
hands  of  a  receiver,  the  trouble  of  the  carmen  would  be  just  beginning.  The 
fact  is  the  unionists,  as  has  been  said  before,  have  lost  their  greatest  ally — 
public  sympathy — without  which  no  cause  can  succeed  whether  right  or  wrong. 
Truth  will  prevail,  in  the  long  run.  It  will  be  a  blessing  in  disguise  for  both 
the  Carmen's  Union  and  San  Francisco  should  they  declare  a  strike.  For  the 
carmen  because  they  would  get  so  soundly  whipped  that  the  word  strike  would 
make  them  squirm  for  the  rest  of  their  life,  and  for  the  city  because  of  the 
assured  advent  of  a  long  period  of  industrial  peace.  The  men  to  take  their 
places,  two  for  each  position  left  vacant,  are  here  now,  whilst  many  a  farm  boy 
who  toils  from  dawn  to  dark  for  a  dollar  would  hasten  here  to  secure  $2.50  a  day 
with  easy  hours  and  more  congenial  occupation. 

Manager  Chapman's  moderation  has  been  commented  on  everywhere  in  terms 
>of  praise,  whilst  the  coarse  invective  of  Cornelius  has  everywhere  excited  con- 
tempt. A  small  man  mentally,  if  not  physically,  pitchforked  by  a  series  of  acci- 
•dents  into  a  position  where  he  actually  attempts  to  dictate  to  a  company  that 
once  dispensed  with  his  services,  he  does  not  realize  the  contemptible  figure  he 
liolds  in  the  public  eye.  He  will  shortly  disappear  into  the  slime  from  which  he 
emerged.  This  fellow  is  actually  bragging  at  this  moment  of  boycotting  the 
Post  because  of  the  courage  of  its  editor  in  printing  an  editorial  advising  the 
carmen  to  go  slow,  very  slow. 

In  th#  midst  of  all  this  turmoil  the  police  department  of  this  city  has  been 
pursuing  the  even  tenor  of  its  way.  To  the  object  of  attack  by  the  extremists 
on  both  sides,  in  a  city  governed  by  a  union  labor  Mayor,  the  task  is  no  easy  one. 
Criticism  is  cheap,  any  demagogue  who  can  sling  a  pen  can  pour  forth  a  tirade 
of  abuse,  but  such  alone  by  its  very  intensity  defeats  its  own  object. 

In  the  last  five  years  tens  of  thousands  of  soldiers  have  been  discharged 
at  this  port.  Of  this  vast  number  a  considerable  percentage  has  remained. 
Thousands,  after  a  brief  period  of  treading  the  primrose  path,  have  been  left 
destitute  and  friendless.  It  is  no  libel  on  our  gallant  army  to  say  that  of 
this  class  a  number  have  resorted  to  crime  in  various  forms  to  get  money.  There 
are  black  sheep  in  every  flock,  and  the  army  is  not  exempt.  Sensationalists  have 
taken  advantage  of  this  fact  to  point  to  a  seeming  increase  of  crime.  The 
termination  of  the  teamsters'  strike  also  threw  many  of  the  deluded  strikers 
on  the  streets,  and  these  added  their  quota  to  the  record.  This  great  metropolis, 
at  which  sooner  or  later  every  crook  and  desperado  arrives,  has  a  force  of 
considerably  under  a  thousand  police  to  protect  its  citizens  and  uphold  its  laws. 
Chief  Wittman,  burdened  with  the  responsibilities  of  a  position  under  which 
his  paid  detractors  would  sink,  has  simply  proceeded  unostentatiously  to  do 
his  duty,  ^either  courting  praise  nor  dodging  censure,  he  has  to-day  the  com- 
plete confidence  of  all  who  desire  to  see  the  law  supreme  and  crime  suppressed. 

There  is  not  a  thinking  citizen  of  this  metropolis  who  does  not  know  that 
our  Chief  of  Police,  especially  of  late  years,  has  had  his  powers  curtailed  in  a 
great  measure  by  a  hostile  element  who  have  attained  to  great  influence  in 
municipal  affairs.  This  hostile  element,  seeing  the  total  eclipse  of  its  power 
in  the  immediate  futnre,  is  the  source  of  most  of  the  uncalled-for  attacks  on 
Chief  Wittman. 

The  demagogue,  the  crimp,  the  footpad,  and  all  the  vast  number  of  criminals 
and  their  associates  know  full  well  that  the  police  department  is  their  bitter 

75 


foe.  Those,  too,  who  glory  in  the  riot  and  lawlessness  incident  to  a  strike 
instinctively  recognize  in  the  present  Chief  a  deadly  enemy  to  their  desires. 
All  these  classes  inspire  whatever  denunciation  they  may  be  capable  of,  aided 
by  a  few  cheap  yellow  journalists  seeking  financial  recuperation. 

The  great  silent  body  of  respectable  citizens  who  are  too  busily  engrossed 
in  the  affairs  of  life  to  spend  their  days  in  doubtful  barrooms  are  with  the  Chief 
heart  and  soul,  and  the  support  of  this  body  of  men  is  worth  that  of  all  the 
blatherskites  and  demagogues  who  ever  infested  the  United  States.  We  believe 
the  Chief  intends  to  see  that  all  classes  are  equally  protected  in  their  chosen 
vocations,  and  that  the  real  working  man  stands  on  the  same  basis  before  him  as 
the  capitalist  or  the  professional  man. 

The  police  department  is  the  servant  of  the  people,  and  in  its  efforts  to 
enforce  the  law,  to  which  end  each  and  every  individual  member  has  sworn  to 
forfeit  his  life  if  necessary  in  so  doing,  they  ought  to  have  the  undivided  support 
of  every  American. 

If  in  the  immediate  future  disturbances  of  an  industrial  origin  are  again 
forced  upon  this  abused  community  and  any  destruction  of  property  should 
result,  because  of  the  arbitrary  action  of  the  allies  of  the  anarchistic  elements 
temporarily  boosted  into  power,  the  great  body  of  voters  will  hold  them  to  accoumt. 

Every  visitor  to  our  city  remarks  on  the  fine  appearance  of  San  Francisco's 
policemen.  The  famous  Broadway  squad  of  New  York  and  the  colossal  policemen 
that  parade  Regent  Street,  London,  can  be  duplicated  right  here. 

The  work  and  responsibility  that  the  Chief  is  shouldering  every  day,  and 
the  ability  and  forethought  necessary  to  direct  the  operation  of  this  important 
branch  of  the  city  government,  would,  if  expended  in  mercantile  or  professional 
pursuits,  insure  a  stipend  vastly  in  excess  of  that  which  is  attached  to  the 
office  of  Chief  of  Police. 

A  man  or  a  paper  is  known  by  the  enemies  he  or  it  makes,  and  we  con- 
gratulate the  Post  on  the  enmity  of  Cornelius.  That  editorial  endorsed  the 
unionism  of  the  real  labor  leaders  like  Gompers,  Powderly,  Arthur  and  John 
Burns  of  England.  These  men,  fit  for  the  exalted  position  they  occupy,  are  chary 
indeed  in  the  matter  of  ordering  strikes,  the  knowledge  they  have  of  the  past 
history  of  labor,  showing  the  futility  of  this  proceeding  unless  as  a  last  resort. 
It  is  a  very  interesting  fact  that  a  class  of  men  who  must  be  endowed  with  some 
intelligence  to  conduct  even  a  street-car,  should  allow  themselves  to  be  led  by  a 
cheap  jawsmith  like  this  man,  who  to  judge  by  his  speeches,  should  be  emptying 
ash-barrels  into  a  scavenger-wagon  and  thus  earning  an  honest  living.  The 
bees  kill  off  their  drones,  the  parasitic  inhabitants  who  toil  not  and  yet  live  on 
the  labor  of  others  periodically;  one  would  think  the  carmen  would  take  similar 
action,  and  officially  kill  such  parasitic  appendages  as  the  president  of  the 
Carmen's  Union.  That  done  we  do  not  think  the  carmen  will  have  much  trouble 
with  Manager  Chapman.  We  venture  to  say  that  if  the  vote  to  strike  or  not  to 
strike  were  left  with  the  wives  of  the  carmen,  it  would  be  rejected  by  a  vote  of 
99  to  1.  The  feminine  contingent  will  realize  the  suffering  incident  to  an 
idiotically  conceived  strike.  However  the  time  is  short,  the  next  few  days  will 
show  whether  conservatism  and  good  judgment  will  prevail,  or  whether  the 
anarchistic  element  will  overawe  the  good  judgment  of  others  and  plunge  the  city 
into  another  strike.  Whichever  conclusion  is  arrived  at,  we  stand  ready  to 
do  our  duty.  Threats  have  no  effect  on  us,  and  should  the  carmen  strike,  we 
will  be  prepared,  when  the  trouble  is  over,  to  receive  them  and  extend  the  same 
courtesy  in  securing  positions  for  them  as  we  do  for  others. 


ADDENDA 

In  the  near  future  it  is  pur  intention  to  publish  a  more  pretentious  work  on 
labor  and  its  environment,  in  the  United  States  and  all  European  Countries. 

Mr.  H  V.  Ready  spent  more  than  a  year  traveling  abroad  with  sole  object 
of  gaining  information  on  this  moat  important  of  all  questions.  We  promise  the 
reader  a  wealth  of  information  will  be  contained  in  thie  coming  work,  usually 
inaccessible  to  the  average  citizen. 

76 


-    • •-••          - -- .-•-    V;-/- •'       • 


m^ 


THE    UNCROWNED   KING. 


IU5F  MV  Ty/o  HfiHDS 
TO  MAKEHM  HONEST 
LIVING? 


King  Solomon  in  all  his  Glory  was  not  arrayed  like  one  of  these— Walking  Delegates. 


Owing  to  the  unprecedented  demand  for  this  pamphlet,  the  first  and  second 
editions  of  which  (consisting  of  72  and  80  pages,  respectively)  were  exhausted 
within  twenty-four  hours  of  the  dates  of  their  publication,  the  author  has  con- 
cluded to  issue  a  third  edition  of  20,000  copies,  with  an  addition  of  sixteen 
new  pages. 

The  end  for  which  it  was  published  has  been  attained.  Everywhere  it  has 
created  discussion  and  argument.  Orders  have  been  and  are  pouring  in  from 
interior  points  for  more  rom  employer  and  employe  alike.  A  condition 

of  affairs  in  the  labor  world  of  which  many  of  our  friends  in  the  interior  were    . 
unaware,  has  been  revealed  to  them,  and  a  sentiment  that  such  a  condition  must 
be  abolished  has  received  a  strong  impetus. 

Some  unionist  -ing  to   believe  that  the  conditions  set  forth   in  .the 

preceding    eighty    pages    arc    entirely    fictitious,    and    a    figment    of    the    author'* 
imagination,    h  :  ked  upon  the  absence  of  specific   cases  to  back  up  the 

lions  her<  rth. 

ignorant  q>    demagogues    have    spouted    on    this    subject. 

In  the  following  pages  we  propose  to  entirely  settle  all  doubts.     Authenticated 

of    union    interference    upon    pretexts    so    trivial    as   to    cause    speculation 

>  whether  or  no  their  promulgators  were  sane  are  here  set  forth,  and  for 

the  beiiefit  of  our  •>  will  say  that  we  have  in  our  office  the  proofs  of 

>  int  in  black  and  white. 

n  who.  if  they  worked  a  tithe  as  hard  with  their  arms  as  with  their 
tongues,  would  be  rich,  have  ranted  on  the  street  corners  for  the  last  two  weeks 
'ie  subject.  The  writer  has  been  'called  every  name  and  vilified  in  every 
possible  way  by  these  bellowing  jawsmiths,  and  he  glories  in  it.  The  letters 
which  have  been  received  set  forth  very  distinctly  the  element  which  is  arrayed 
against  fair  play.  Unsigned  scrawls,  almost  undecipherable,  reeking  with 
ne  language  and  filthy  abuse  have  been  received,  and  but  serve  to  encourage 
the  recipient  to  persevere  in  his  course.  Such  enemies  are  to  be  desired  above  all 
things.  A  man  who  hides  under  an  anonymous  communication  is  not  worthy 
of  being  replied  to.  He  is  a  cowardly  whelp  who  is  allied  to  the  thug  who  seeks 
to  assault  helpless  women,  or  who  prowls  in  our  streets  to  rob  or  murder  de- 
fenceless  citizen*.  Our  statements  and  arguments  are  published  to  the  world 
under  our  own  name;  we  are  responsible  for  every  word  written  there,  and  are 
prepared  to  prove  their  truth  also.  If  any  one  differs  from  us,  and  there  are 
undoubtedly  many,  that  is  their  privilege  and  right.  To  such,  who  have  written 
in  a  manly  fashion  stating  their  views  and  signing  their  names  as  men  do,  the 
writer  returns  thanks.  Honest  difference  tends  to  progress,  without  it  we  would 
riate.  On  the  other  hand,  we  have  received  an  immense  number  of  letters 
from  employers  and  employes  endorsing  unqualifiedly  our  stand,  and  recipro- 
cating our  sentiments.  These  gentlemen  we  thank  from  the  bottom  of  our  heart. 
In  a  multitude  of  council  there  t>  proceed  to  publish  in 

the  following  pages,  absolutely  authenticated  ca^es  of  what  seems  to  us,  rank 
injustice,  grotesque  absurdity,  and  tragedy  a  ually  mixed,  we  invite 

honest  unionists  to  investigate  these  things  for  themselves. 

The  rank  inji.  -"en  in  the  artificial  restrictions   put  upon  American 

a  in  learning  a  trade,  in  the  absolute  refusal  to  allow  a  plain  American  to 
work  unless  he  be  tagged,  in  the  attempt,  to  put  all  men  on  a  uniform  basis,  and 
in  a  thousand  and  one  other  w. 

The  grotesque  absurdity  is  seen  in  the  sympathetic  >trike  whereby  it  is  eoi- 

;ible  that  the  d  of  a  member  of  tin  i'nion  might  result 

i-iness   of   a  great   community,   were'  it    not   that  the 

hard,   common  itli    which   most   Americans,    union   and   non-union   alike, 

are  endowed,  prevent  such  absurdities.  Lastly,  the  tragedy  is  seen  on  all  aides 
in  the  murderous  assaults,  the  want  and  destitution  oi  innocent  people  during  a 
strike,  in  the  arraying  of  class  against  tinst  race,  and  brother 

n?t  brother.  Are  these  things  true?  Are  they  demonstrable?  Let  the 
reader  answer  when  he  reaches  the  end  of  this  book 

The  greater  number  of  these  instances  we  cite  occurred  in  this  city  and  a 
number  of  them  came  under  the  per  ion  of  the  writer 

<*&. 

In  one  of  the  largest  provision  stores  here  a  number  of  men  were  preparing 
chickens  for  the  market,  picking  the  feathers,  etc.  Suddenly  they  were  inter- 
rupted by  the  advent  of  a  well-dressed  man,  who  announced  himself  to  his  awe- 
stricken  hearers  as  the  President  of  the  Chicken  Pickers  Union.  This  mighty 
man  in  his  official  capacity  proceeded  to  interrogate  the  unfortunate  merchant 

81 


who  owned  the  store,  about  the  afore-mentioned  chickens.  The  awful  fact 
loomed  up  under  this  president's  keen  questioning  that  in  some  way  these 
chickens  were  scabs,  and  every  man  alive  then  and  there  dropped  the  cursed 
things  and  fled  from  the  place  as  though  it  were  stricken  with  the  plague. 
Whether  a  board  of  arbitration  solemnly  passed  upon  the  question,  or  whether 
they  finally  ended  an  inglorious  career  in  some  scab's  stomach,  feathera  and 
all,  is  a  mystery  we  cannot  penetrate;  but  we  are  compelled  to  suppose  that 
the  Chicken  Pickers  Organization  won  out  and  that  henceforth  a  scab  rooster 
will  die  with  his  feathers  on. 

How  those  chickens  got  picked  history  sayeth  not.  The  sympathy  of  every 
man  in  this  great  land,  however,  must  go  out  to  these  boycotted  roosters  and 
unfair  hens,  and  also  to  the  unborn  descendants  who  were  scabs  even  in  the 
e£g-  Some  reader  may  feel  skeptical  about  this  statement,  so  grotesque  and 
"raw"  does  it  seem.  But  it  occurred  here  in  the  present  year  of  our  Lord,  and  is 
an  absolute  fact. 

<4^. 

The  Scavengers'  Union  is  also  adding  to  the  gaiety  of  San  Francisco  at 
present.  Every  day  there  can  be  seen  on  the  principal  streets  a  dilapidated  old 
wagon  plastered  over  to  the  effect  that  Bacigalupi,  Spaghetti  and  others  are 
"unfair."  The  horse  that  pulls  this  affair  looks  as  though  it  worked  longer 
than  union  hours.  However,  the  fight  is  on  to  a  finish,  and  the  business  of  the 
city  still  continues. 


Another  case  where  a  touch  of  the  serious  mingles  with  the  ridiculous 
occurred:  in  New  York  some  time  ago.  A  member  of  the  Hatters'  Union  in  the 
course  of  nature  died,  and  his  comrades  were  following  him  to  the  cemetery, 
where  at  least  one  would  suppose  "scab"  and  unionist  were  equal. 

Some  one  in  an  unlucky  moment  discovered  that  the  unfortunate  individual 
driving  the  hearse  was  a  "scab." 

Consternation  rftigned  supreme.  Every  last  man  climbed  off  his  carriage 
and  refused  to  proceed.  The  wretched  cause  of  the  trouble  also  got  off.  The 
procession,  of  course,  was  held  up.  Such  a  thing  as  a  unionist  corpse  being 
escorted  to  the  grave  by  a  "scab"  driver  was  a  fact  to  appalling  to  contemplate. 

Finally  the  trouble  was  averted;  some  other  union  driver  was  secured  and 
the  union  corpse  received  a  union  burial,  as  it  was  first  intended. 

No  one  will  deny  that  a,  man  has  a  right  to  be  buried  by  whom  he  pleases, 
but  does  it  not  seem  rather  far-fetched  in  the  face  of  Death,  the  great  leveler 
of  all  human  differences,  to  go  to  such  an  extreme? 

It  is  also  to  be  hoped  that  when  the  union  soul  arrived  at  the  pearly  gates, 
St.  Peter  did  not  demand  his  union  card.  There,  at  least,  the  unions  will  cease 
from  troubling  and  the  "scab"  will  be  at  rest. 

<*^. 

The  cartoon  on  page  67  represents  a  darker  phase  of  the  same  subject. 

In  Chicago  during  the  late  strike,  as  readers  of  the  papers  will  know,  burials 
were  absolutely  suspended  and  grief-stricken  relatives  were  unable  to  bury  their 
dead  till  some  agreement  was  reached. 

Such  an  event  will  never  occur  again.  The  sentiment  of  a  great  body  of 
union  men  will  never  again  permit  such  a  proceeding.  It  is  not  necessary 
t»  &ay  anything  more  on  this  subject. 


Another  instance,  bringing  us  back  to  the  laughable,  occurred  in  our  presence 
in  this  city. 

In  'a  private  residence  a  group  of  friends,  after  dinner,  retired  to  the  smok- 
ing-room. The  cigars  were  passed  around  and  enjoyed  by  all,  except  one  poor 
fellow,  a  union  man,  who,  on  examining  his,  found  it  was  a  scab  cigar  and 
declined  it,  saying  he  was  afraid  to  smoke  it. 

A  fifty-cent  cigar  of  national  fame  was  thus  declined  by  the  poor  devil 
who  sat  uncomfortable  and  silent,  whilst  his  fellow-guests  enjoyed  themselves, 
there  not  happening  to  be  in  the  house  a  cigar  with  a  tamale  sign  on  it. 

A  sacrifice  for  principle,  we  can  hear  some  one  say;  and  our  answer  is  that 
a  principle  that  denies  a  man  a  good  smoke  in  the  house  of  his  friends  is  not 
much  of  a  principle. 


Another  case  is  that  of  a  hotel  proprietor  not  far  from  San  Francisco. 
This  gentleman  hired  a  painter  and  carpenter,  both  unien  men,  to  do  sonn 
work  for  him.     In  the  course  of  the  work   it  turned   out  that   a   little  plaster 

82 


WM  needed  on  one  of  the  chimneys. 

The  hotel-man  asked  the  painter  do  to  it  in  the  course  of  his  work,  and  to 
hia  astonishment  was  informed  that  he  dare  not.  The  carpenter  came  out  with 
the  same  story,  and  informed  the  hotel-man  he  would  have  to  get  a  man  from 
the  city. 

As  the  job  would  not  take  half  an  hour,  the  proprietor  could  not  see  the 
force  of  the  argument,  and  informed  his  two  employes  that  he  himself  would 
do  it.  To  his  unbounded  astonishment  they  informed  him  if  he  did  they  would 
hare  to  quit. 

Here  was  a  pretty  state  of  affairs:  a  job  half  done  and  men  willing  enough 
k>  do  the  work,  or  to  let  him  do  it  in  his  own  house,  but  protesting  they  dare 
not,  neither  dare  they  let  him  do  it,  under  pain  of  being  expelled  from  the  union. 

Our  hotel-man,  however,  was  a  man  of  resource.  He  bided  his  time,  anil 
when  on  Saturday  night  his  two  unionists  came  to  the  city  to  pay  their  dues, 
ne  himself  did  the  job  and  painted  it  over  with  some  of  the  union  paint  before 
the  men  returned.  When  they  came  back  nothing  was  said,  as  both  men  were 
naturally  of  a  good  and  accommodating  disposition,  but  were  held  down  by  the 
imbecile  rule  of  their  union  against  doing  even  that  paltry  amount  of  work. 

A  quiet  smile  stole  over  the  painter's  face  as  he  looked  at  his  paint  pot,  and 
a  wink  from  the  carpenter,  however,  showed  thev  were  "next." 

<*^. 

Another  absurdity  of  a  similar  kind  occurred  near  San  Jose  a  short  time  age. 

A  contractor  putting  up  a  building  was  out  of  nails  and  telephoned  to  a 
•tore  in  San  Jose.  A  boy  was  immediately  dispatched  with  a  supply,  and  oa 
arriving  at  the  building  was  asked  to  show  a  union  card.  He  did  not  have  one, 
and  accordingly  the  carpenters  refused  to  use  the  "scab"  nails.  • 

Instances  of  this  kind  can  be  produced  ad  infinitum.  The  poor  contractor, 
between  the  devil  and  the  deep  sea.  is  simply  blocked.  His  job  must  be  finished 
in  a  certain  time  under  penalties,  and  his  men  hold  the  whip  hand  on  him. 

<4^. 

An  electrical  contractor  on  Clay  Street,  San  Francisco,  secured  a  job  wiring 
a  aouse  and  hired  a  man  who  was  competent  to  do  the  work,  without  asking 
whether  or  no  he  was  a  union  man.  After  working  a  few  hours  with  his  man, 
a  full-blown  specimen  of  the  walking  delegate  appeared  on  the  scene  and  de- 
manded to  know  who  had  the  job.  The  contractor  replied  that  he  was  the  for- 
tunate, or  rather,  as  events  proved,  unfortunate  man.  Our  delegate  now  turned 
kis  attention  to  the  hired  man  and  found  he  had  a  union  card.  Turning  to  tie 
contractor,  he  informed  him  he  could  not  work  on  his  own  job  and  that  he  must 
either  hire  another  union  man  or  let  his  employe  work  alone. 

Thus  it  has  come  to  this,  that  if  a  man  takes  a  contract  he  cannot  wotk 
himself,  but  must  stand  by  and  see  some  one  else  do  it. 


A  partner  in  a  bakery  in  this  city  drives  one  of  his  wagons,  or  rather  used 
tCj  until  a  hold-up  man  called  on  him  and  threatened  to  tie  up  his  business  units* 
fee  hired  a  man  to  drive  and  remained  idle  himself.  .Yet  this-  is  America. 

The  horse,  wagon  and  contents  of  the  wagon  belonged  to  this  man,  but  »• 
•«tside  influence  stepped  in  and  forbade  him  to  drive  it. 

<*?* 

Another  instance  is  where  the  employer  is  compelled  to  report  eack  week 
the  new  help  hired,  to  the  union.  Needless  to  say  the  walking  delegate  promptly 
appears  and  if  the  new  man  is  not  a  unionist  he  is  out  of  a  job  in  short  order. 

Another  experience  in  our  own  business  occurred  last  summer.  In  com- 
pliance with  an  order  for  twenty-five  men  we  shipped  them  and  procured 
passage  for  them  on  a  steamer  going  to  their  destination.  The  sailors  perceiring 
that  this  body  of  men  were  laboring  men,  inquired  of  several  for  their  union 
cards  and  could  not  find  any.  That  was  enough.  No  self-respecting  union 
gailor  could  think  of  piloting  a  non-union  man  to  his  destination  or  tven  allow 
aim  on  the  same  ship.  They  refused  to  man  the  steamer. 

Vs*. 

Another  particularly  flagrant  case  of  union  unfairness  happened  in  a  promi- 
nent restaurant  on  Sixth  Street  a  short  time  ago.  The  walking  delegate  of  the 
Cooks  and  Waiters  Union  strolled  into  the  place  and  peremptorily  demanded 
that  the  proprietor  sign  the  agreement  for  one  year.  The  gentleman  requested 
time  to  consider,  which  reasonable  request  was  denied.  "Sign  right  now/'  the 
delegate  demanded,  "or  suffer  the  consequences."  Finally  the  delegate  left 

83 


and  tilt  proprietor,  thinking  he  wa?  to  have  time  to  consider,  went  out  for  advice. 
On  his  reutrn  he  found  the  place  empty.  The  cooks  and  waiters  had  walked 
out  and  the  sole  occupant  of  the  place  was  the  girl  cashier. 

Ruch  actions  as  these,  devoid  even  of  the  first  elements  of  fair  play,  haa 
brought  unionism  into  the  disrepute  in  which  it  is  held  to-day,  and  the  pro- 
prietor cannot  be  blamed  if  he  holds  strong  prejudices  against  the  union. 


Sometimes,  however,  the  exactions  of  unionism  are  felt  by  a  union  man. 
A  union  bricklayer  who  owned  his  own  home  was  putting  up  a  chimney,  and  his 
son,  who  was  considerably  under  age,  was  helping.  In  walks  the  business  agent, 
and,  after  exchanging  the  morning  greeting,  asks  the  father  who  the  boy  was 
who  was  helping  him;  whether  he  was  a  union  apprentice,  etc.  The  father 
replied  that  the  boy  was  his  own  son,  and  that  this  was  his  own  house,  and  that 
the  boy  was  still  going  to  school.  The  walking  delegate  to  the  union  man 
answered,  that  the  work  the  boy  was  doing,  under  the  union  regulations,  called 
for  a  member  of  the  Hod  Carriers  Union,  and  the  boy  had  to  stop  helping  hi« 
father  and  a  hod  carrier  was  sent  for. 


Another  business  agent  of  one  of  the  local  unions  dropped  into  a  saloon  not 
far  from  Clay  and  Kearny  Streets  and  upon  interrogating  the  individual  who 
presided  over  the  destinies  of  the  lunch  counter,  found  that  he  did  not  possess 
that  magic  talisman,  the  union  card.  Here  was  a  chance  for  a  grand  stand  play. 
He  scorned  to  drink  in  a  place  where  such  a  contemptible  Wretch  had  the  herre 
to  work,  and  walked  out. 

A  few  doors  below  this  place,  a  little  later,  he  was  to  be  seen  taking  drink 
after  drink  from  the  hands  of  a  so-called  scab  barkeeper.  Is  it  possible  tha* 
this  sudden  change  of  feeling  was  because  in  this  latter  case  the  drinks  were  nob 
costing  him  anything? 

But  the  lowest,  most  contemptible  case  of  oppression  engineered  by  these 
scoundrels  on  unfortunates  who  are  handicapped  in  the  struggle  for  existence 
by  an  affliction  that  should  soften  the  heart  of  an  Apache,  has  traveled  across 
the  continent,  and  blackened  the  fair  name  of  California,  we  reprint  from  the 
New  York  Sun. 

A  BOYCOTT  ON  THE  BLIND. 

(From  the  Neto  York  Sun.). 

The  State  of  California  maintains  in  the  city  of  Oakland,  just  across  the 
bay  from  San  Francisco,  an  industrial  home  for  the  adult  blind.  There  seventy 
men  and  women,  deprived  of  their  sight,  live  and  earn  a  little  money  by  making 
brooms.  Their  aiBiction  reduces  their  productive  capacity  by  about  50t  per  cent, 
and  it  would  not  be  supposed  that  the  output  of  their  industry  would  constitute 
a  serious  menace  even  to  the  labor  unions.  Inconsiderable  as  the  product  of 
tht  home's  inmates  is,  however,  it  has  aroused  the  labor  leaders  of  the  State 
and  they  have  declared  a  boycott  upon  the  home  and  its  manufactures,  to  drive 
them  from  the  market.  In  this  situation  the  inmates  of  the  home  have  issued 
a  statement  in  which  they  set  forth  their  condition.  They  say. 

Compelled  by  indigence  or  idleness  we  sought  admission  to 
the  home  as  the  only  place  where  the  blind  could  learn  a  handi- 
craft and  earn  their  clothing  and  comforts.  Those  who  see  can 
form  no  conception  of  the  blessings  of  work  to  the  blind.  With- 
out it  we  who  live  in  darkness  have  nothing  to  divert  us  from 
the  sadness  and  sorrows  of  our  situation.  With  work  we  have 
happiness.  Without  work  we  have  sadness  and  miserv.  for  our 
companions. 

By  the  sale  of  the  brooms  the  inmates  of  the  home  obtain  their  sole  income. 
YVm-king  at  their  trade  is  their  "greatest  happiness,"  and  when  the  boycott 
was  declared,  the  blind  broom  makers  appealed  to  the  unions  for  mercy. 
of  that  quality  did  they  find  in  the  unions. 

An  appeal  to  them  to  be  merciful  to  the  blind  has  been  made, 
but  is  unheeded.  Retail  dealers,  under  penalty  of  a  general 
boycott  on  their  business,  do  not  dare  buy  the  blind  man's 
brooms,  and  now  the  same  cold-hearted  policy  is  closing  our 
wholesale  trade  against  us.  Nearly  all  of  us  were  laboring 
people  when  blindness  fell  upon  us,  and  many  of  us  were  labor 
union  men.  WTe  cannot  now  belong  to  a  union.  We  are  a  com- 
munity by  ourselves,  joined  in  bonds  of  a  common  misfortune. 

84 


The  inmantes  of  the  home  do  not  ask  charity;  they  want  only  a  fair  field. 
Their  product,  only  a  fraction  of  one  per  cent  of  the  total  number  of  brooms 
consumed  in  the  State,  they  want  to  sell  on  the  open  market;  that  is  all,  and 
that  is  denied  them.  They  say: 

The  purpose  of  a  labor  union  is  declared  to  be  humane.  If 
this  be  so,  our  misfortune  should  make  us  first  among  the 
objects  of  that  humanity.  But  instead  of  this  we  are  treated  by 
our  brothers  who  sec  as  if  our  blindness  had  outlawed  us  from 
human  sympathy  and  set  us  among  the  beasts  that  perish. 

Can  it  be  that  in  these  latter  days  the  blind,  stricken  and 
forlorn,  are  to  be  punished  by  men  as  if  their  infirmity  was  a 
crime? 

The  right  to  sell  the  products  of  their  industry  implies  more  than  a  means 
«f  earning  money  to  the  blind.  Productive  activity  means  for  them  relief  from 
awful  imprisonment;  "It  is  manhood  and  womanhood,  health  and  happiness." 
It  means  harm  to  no  person,  injury  to  no  industry,  unhappiness  to  no  one.  The 
broom  manufacturers  of  the  country,  the  employers  of  labor,  heartless  and 
grasping  as  the  labor  unionists  paint  them,  have  not  demanded  the  withdrawal 
of  the  blind  broom  makers'  products  from  the  market.  They  would  not  dart, 
nor  have  they  the  power  to  enforce  or  the  will  to  inspire  such  a  demand.  It 
remained  for  the  labor  leaders  to  conceive  and  execute  so  wicked  a  plan. 

The  blind  men  and  women  appeal  to  Californians  to  buy  and  insist  upon 
receiving  home  made  brooms  until  the  boycott  is  broken.  If  the  Californian* 
have  the  average  portion  of  red  blood  and  love  of  fair  play,  they  will  be  en- 
thusiastic to  take  up  so  honorable  crusade  and  carry  it  to  success. 

But  in  the  meantime  is  there  no  legal  power  to  protect  the  business  men 
of  the  State  against  a  huge  conspiracy  to  rule  or  ruin  them?  Must  they  submit 
to  conduct  their  affairs  to  suit  the  ideas  of  an  unincorporated  secret  society 
with  no  legal  standing,  or  else  retire  from  business?  If  the  Masonic  fraternity 
formally  attempted  to  drive  a  Roman  Catholic  tradesman  from  business,  con- 
spiring to  ruin  him,  would  the  law  afford  him  no  protection?  Would  the  Odd 
Fellows  be  permitted  to  dictate  what  goods  a  merchant  should  sell  and  what  he. 
ihould  not? 

The  inhumanity  of  the  boycott  against  the  blind  is  patent,  and  the  time  is 
not  far  distant  when  the  criminals  who  institute  such  conspiracies  will  be 
brought  to  a  short  stop  before  the  bar  of  justice. 

(In  re  this  outrageous  case,  the  Labor  Unions  have  denied  it.  They  lie,  and  they 
know  it  !  !  We  have  the  word  of  the  manager  ef  the  Industrial  Home  for  the  Adult 
Blind  that  it  is  true  in  every  detail.  The  case  is  complete,  and  the  Unions  stand  con- 
victed of  the  most  infamous  crime  conceivable.  —  II.  V.  R.) 


We  have  noticed   in   our  bu  employment   agents   another  peculiar 

feature  of  a  good  many  union  men.  During  the  great  strike  two  years  ago, 
when  nearly  all  organized  labor  in  the  city  was  on  strike  and  when  it  was  a 
daily  occurrence  f.  strikers  to  be  assaulted  in 

murderous  fashion,  the  strii.  >ur   offices   for  positions 

in  large  numbers.  In  accordance  with  our  policy  of  hiring  men  regardless  of 
union  affiliations,  as  long  as  nt  thousands  of  these 

men  out  to  different  po-  .  thirty  per  cent  of  our  business  that  year 

was  done  with  strikers. 

Now,  this  is  all  well   ,  riker  has  a  perfect  right  to  earn 

his  living  in  any  honorable  manner,  but   i<  :n  a  trifle  inconsistent. 

Let  these  men  allow  others  the  privilege,  of  doing  what  they  demand  as  a 
right.  Wages  in  the  country  wore  cut  in  many  cases  by  the  same  strikers  wh« 
so  loudly  talked  of  scabs,  etc.;  in  fact,  many  of  these  very  strikers  went  to  work 
at  places  in  the  country  where  there  was  a  strike  on,  and  helped  to  defeat  their 
comrades  in  other  li  rk  whilst  asking  public  support  for  themselves. 

<*7*. 

In  this  line  it  may  also  be  mentioned  that  a  large  number  of  patrons  of  a 
drug  store  which  has  been  ialignancy  rarely  seen  elsewhere, 

are  union  men  and  their  w;  »f  of  tin  in  the  archives  of 

the  unions  themselves,  many  of  their  members  having  been  "spotted"  and  fined 
the  customary  five  dolla-rs  for  patronizing  an  "unfair''  house. 

<*^. 

Almost  immediately  opposite  our  place  of  business  is  a  Japanese-  restaurant. 

85 


lir«af«  to  relate,  this  place  is  largely  supported  by  union  men,  although  in 
UM i  immediate  vicinity  are  union  places.  Forty  to  fifty  union  mechanics  dine 
to  tfcM  place  daily,  whilst  their  brother  unionists  of  the  cooks  and  waiters  stand 
ready  to  cater  to  their  wants  within  a  stone's  throw. 


SAM  PARKS. 

THE  CHAMPION  WALKING  DELEGATE. 

lam  Parks,  the  greatest  and  most  unscrupulous  of  the  later-day  Walking 
Delegates,  died  May  4th.  The  career  of  this  man  is  so  astounding  in  its  boldness, 
»o  magnificent  in  its  success  to  a  certain  point,  so  startling  in  the  abruptness  o* 
ite  descent  to  ruin,  and  so  humiliating  in  its  disclosures  of  the  weakness  of  human 
nature,  as  to  place  it  amongst  the  most  interesting  of  the  times.  No  ordinary 
man  was  Sam  Parks. 

(Born  in  County  Downs,  Ireland,  he  came  to  this  country  at  an  early  age, 
and  his  natural  aggressiveness  brought  him  to  the  front  of  his  associates.  He 
finally  entered  the  Housesmiths  and  Bridgemen's  Union,  and  it  was  not  long 
ere  he  was  made  the  Walking  Delegate  of  the  Union.  From  that  period  dates 
his  rocket-like  ascension  to  fame  with  its  subsequent  extinction  in  the  darkness 
of  total  dishonor.  Sam  Parks'  keen  brain  soon  "took  in"  the  many  opportunities 
for  successful  grafting,  and  he  proceeded  to  take  advantage  of  them. 

His  personality  was  such  that  his  fellow  unionists  placed  absolute  confidence 
in  him,  and  he  rapidly  became  one  of  the  important  men  of  New  York.  In  the 
year  1901  there  was  an  immense  amount  of  building  going  on.  Any  man  at  all 
skilled  in  his  trade  could  secure  abundance  of  work.  Parks'  first  steps  were  to 
get  all  these  men  into  the  local  unions  and  thus  secure  an  absolute  monopoly. 
This  he  did.  Although  he  had  but  one  vote  in  the  Building  Trades'  Council,  it 
seemed  to  be  the  only  vote  there;  whatever  he  decided  on  was  done. 

One  day  Sam  concluded  he  wanted  a  little  ready  money.  He  showed  up  at 
the  office  of  the  Hecla  Iron  Works,  an  immense  industrial  concern,  and  coolly 
walking  to  the  Directors'  room  introduced  himself  by  saying  that  some  of  the 
union  rules  were  being  violated,  but  that  he  would  square  the  trouble  for  $1,000. 
With  soul-stirring  emphasis  he  was  told  to  go  to  Fort  Yuma  or  some  other  place 
of  tropical  temperature,  and  he  left  the  office. 

The  troubles  of  the  Hecla  Iron  Works  were  just  beginning.  Shortly  after- 
wards a  strike  was  declared,  every  man  dropped  his  tools,  and  the  great  iron 
works  were  silent.  Sam  Parks  was  getting  back  at  the  Hecla  people.  After  a 
period  in  which  the  corporation  spent  tens  of  thousands  trying  to  operate  their 
plant,  they  realized  what  a  lead-pipe  cinch  Parks  had. 

Another  meeting  was  arranged,  this  time  Parks  was  not  begging  for  money, 

86 


but  he  accepted  a  cheek  for  $2,000,  and  the  men  went  back  to  work,  completely 
successful  in  all  their  demands.  So  gratified  did  they  feel  towards  Parks  that 
they  presented  him  with  a  magnificent  diamond  ring,  engraved  "Victory;  Strike, 
Hecla  Iron  Works.''  Thus  both  sides  contributed  to  his  exchequer  and  Sam  was 
•howing  other  Walking  Delegates  how  the  thing  ought  to  be  done.  Some  members 
of  the  unions,  honest  men,  men  who  wanted  to  work  undisturbed  at  their  jobs, 
opposed  Parks  in  the  meetings.  These  men  usually  lost  their  jobs  mysteriously 
or  got  stretched  out  cold  some  night  going  home.  The  vast  majority,  however, 
were  enthusiastic  in  their  praise  of  Parks.  His  great  personal  force  held  theM 
faithful.  Rumors  of  his  grafting  propensities  reached  the  union,  but  the 
majority,  looking  at  Hie  practical  side  of  affairs,  said  they  did  not  care  whether 
he  grafted  or  not.  as  long  sis  be  secured  for  them  the  top  wages  and  the  shortest 
hours.  His  control  was  absolute.  Of  $60,000  collected  by  the  union  in  1801. 
subsequent  investigation  >howed  $40,000  disappeared  without  an  accounting. 

By   .  play    of   fate,   the   W.   P.    Fuller  Construction   Company,   the 

largest  constructor-  Drapers  in  this  country,  brought  Parks  from  Chicago. 

Rumor  credits  the  Standard  Oil  Company  with  being  interested  in  this 
corporation.  The  .Lord  only  knows  that  Rockefeller  did  not  "have  to  do  as  Park* 
bid  him. 

Parks   seems  to  have  dictated  the  policy   of  this  eompa:  -ulutely  «» 

if  he  had  been  president  of  the  concern. 

A  great  strike  was  declared,  no  one  seemed  to  know  exactly  what  for.  There 
was  no  question  of  hours,  wages,  or  recognition  of  the  union  at  issue.  All  these 
points  were  absolutely  conceded.  After  four  months'  struggle,  after  millions 
were  spent  uselessly,  after  untold  suffering  in  the  homes  of  the  strikers,  the 
strike  simply  wore  out.  Parks  was  arrested  on  a  charge  of  bribery,  one  of  many, 
and  convicted.  He  secured  a  new  trial,  and  was  convicted  again  and  sentenced 
to  two  years  and  three  months  in  Sing  Sing. 

Consumption  had  marked  him  for  her  own,  and  he  died  in  the  prime  of  lift, 
a  convicted  felon. 

One  of  his  lieutenants,  Murphy  of  the  Stone  Cutters,  who  stole  $27,000, 
mourns  his  leader  to-day  in  Sing  Sing. 

The  simple  statement  of  this  man's  kaleidoscopic  career  as  a  Walking  Dele- 
gate. is  enough.  These  Frisco  Walking  Delegates  are  nickel  plated  affairs,  nay, 
they  are  not  I,  '>t  Parks.  They  lack  his  daring  and  his  fertility  of 

irce.     They  strike  -houlders  of  others;  Parks  struck  himself     He 

riginal  in  the  art  of  "bringing  in  the  sheaves/'     He  levied  on  both 
•r  that  he  died  in  prison,  else,  as  the  cartoon  on  page 
•u>   might   have  come  to  a   worse  end. 


A  union  engineer  running  a  train  on  a  railroad  operated  by  a  mining  corn- 
pan,  union    man    laying    on   the    track    in    a    drunken    stupor,    and 

deli!  ijiboweling  an.'  e   killing  him. 

The  him   hmr<  uded  reinstatement, 

general    strike,    in 


There  is  a   young  lady  in  t  ,  ^'ho  has  been 

keeping  company  with   a   young  fellow,  h-  -id   industrious,  but  who 


mffly  against  unions  as  she  is  in  -  positively  declines 

to  marry  him  unless  he  joins  the  union  of  lie  retoes.     We  hope  :he 

fair  ono   will   not    allow  'her   unionist    afli  -ourse  of 

havi  try  ending,  but  -n  to  hold  on  to  his 

eonvi  he  have  to  marry  girl. 

<*&. 

•  mpany  in  this  State  requested  the  superintendent 

t0  (j.  ir  members  who  was  behind  in  his  dues  to  the  union.     The 

sup,  •:   demurred,  saying  he  interfered  with  no  one's  personal  affairs.     A 

tttri  One  hundred   and   ninety-five   men  sent   by 

Murray  &  Ready  in  two  d.. 

A  local  railroad  company  discharged  a  union  employee  lately  for  dnmkenn-ss 
and  incompetenry.      Hi*   reinstatement  was  demanded  and  refused,  and  a  strike 
•resulted  which  was  lost  almost  immediately.     Murray  &  Ro.-uly  sent   165  men  in 
two  hours. 

87 


A  good  union  man  strolled  into  a  restaurant  and  ate  a  hearty  meal.  To  his 
horror  he  found  out  that  his  union  stomach  was  full  of  "scab"  food.  Not  only 
did  he  refuse  to  pay  for  it,  but  he  went  outside,  and,  putting  his  finger  down  his 
throat,  attempted  to  throw  it  up.  The  union  stomach,  however,  did  not  propose 
te  part  even  with  "scab  grub."  At  this  moment  a  Delegate  of  the  Waiters'  Union 
•tepped  up  and  the  wretched  man  explained  the  fearful  condition  he  was  in.  The 
rag*  of  the  delegate  was  terrible  to  look  upon.  He  preferred  a  charge  against 
the  man  of  patronizing  a  "scab"  restaurant,  and  that  unfortunate,  besides  filling 
his  stomach  with  "scab"  victuals  also  paid  a  fine  of  $10. 


A  clerk  was  building  a  house,  and  the  carpenters  being  through  the  painters 
came  on  the  scene.  Suddenly  one  of  them  felt  a  dislike  to  a  certain  door,  and,  on 
examining  it,  found  out  it  was  a  non-union  door.  Instantly  all  work  stopped. 
After  some  trouble  the  door  was  initiated  into  the  union,  or"  something;  anyhow 
the  painters  went  back  to  Avork.  The  cement  men  now  appeared  on  the  scene. 
They  had  no  union  cards.  The  painters  quit  again.  The  miserable  owner  tore 
his  hair  and  used  strong  language,  and  do  you  blame  him,  reader?  Finally  it 
was  agreed  that  the  "scab"  cement  men  should  work  after  5  o'clock,  when  the 
painters  quit.  But  we  make  k  guess  that  the  owner  will  do  some  thinking  before 
building  again. 


A  large  mine  owner  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  State  has  had  a  strike  on  his 
hands  that  resulted  in  disaster  for  his  opponents  and  their  allies.  He  hired  from 
Murray  &  Ready  265  first-class  non-union  men  and  sent  them  to  the  mine.  After 
the  men  arrived  the  hotels  that  make  a  living  out  of  the  workers  at  the  mine 
refused  to  board  the  non-union  men. 

The  mining  man,  who  is  widely  known  as  a  man  of  determination  and 
resource,  built  his  own  hotels,  and  now  not  only  his  ex-employes,  but  also  their 
allies,  find  themselves  "up  in  the  air." 


A  large  English  syndicate  had  trouble  with  its  men  and  hired  45  men  at 
this  office  to  take  their  places.  These  men  got  as  far  as  Milton,  where  they  were 
met  by  a  strong  body  of  unionists,  and  were  beaten  and  their  baggage  ^stolen. 
These  'unionists  said  they  did  not  propose  to  have  any  b  -  y  blasted  Englishmen 
hiring  whom  they  pleased.  Another  body  of  men  was  sent  up  and  they  took  with 
them  the  American,  English..  German  and  other  flags,  according  to  their 
nationality.  The  U.  S.  mail  was  also  distributed  on  the  several  stages,  and  when 
they  met  "the  unionists  again,  the  new  men  openly  jeered  them  and  dared  them 
to  fire  again.  This  strike  was  immediatelv  lost. 

<*?*. 

At  one  of  the  big  cigar  stores  on  Market  Street  lately,  a  Business  agent,  not 
knowing  that  he  was  observed,  bought,  a  well-known  brand  of  "scab"  cigarette 
tobacco.  A  union  man.  Mm,  called  him  down  for  it,  and,  with  an 

oath,  the  Business  Agent    replied   that  lie   smoked  what  he  liked  and  he  didn't 
give  a  d  -  n  whether  it  was  scab  or  not. 

Good,  sound  sense,  but  poor  unionism. 


Some  unions  passed  by-laws  to  the  effect  that  the  uniform  number  of 
members  shall  be  maintained,  and  thus  the  only  opportunity  for  an  outsider  to 
eain  admission  is  when  death  makes  a  vacancy. 


The  president  of  one  of  the  most  powerful  of  the  city  unions  has  been  seen 
to  shave  many  a  time  in  a  ten-cent  scab  shop  on  this  street  and  he  seems  to  do  it 

He  might  shave  in  the  free  barber  college  for  all  we  care  about  it,  but  the 
chance  is  too  good  to  let  slip  to  show  up  the  hypocrisy  of  some  of  these  pre- 

tenders. 

<4^. 

The  speech  of  the  silver-tongued  orator,Tom  Fitch,  of  Nevada,  to  the  loco- 
motive engineers  at  San  Bernardino,  Saturday,  March  14,  1904,  is  printed  here 
as  an  exposition  of  the  aims  and  objects  of  the  highest-grade  labor  organization 

WISEST    OF   LABOR   UNIONS. 

"You  are  here  in  California,  gentlemen,  as  the  representatives  of  the  wisest  t 
and  fairest  labor  union  in  the  world.     If  the  members  of  all  the  other  trade 
unions  were  to  adopt  your  precepts   and  follow  your  example  in   dealing  with 

88 


their  employers,  and  with  each  other,  and  with  all  men,  there  would  seldom  be 
wasteful  strikes  in  which  the  worker  must,  even  if  iinalh  HI,  labor 

three  or  six  months  in  order  to  make  up  the  k  -ioned  by  one  month  of 

idleness. 

"I  believe  in  labor  unions.  I  cannot  see  why  workers  have  not  a  better 
right  to  lawfully  combine  in  order  to  obtain  a  higher  price  for  their  labor,  tha» 
coal  operators  have  to  unlawfully  combine  in  order  to  get  a  higher  price  for 
fuel.  In  my  humble  opinion  the  teamster  who  assaults  anotlu  :  r  because 

the  latter  has  no  union  button,  and  the  financial  magnate  who  violates  the  anti- 
trust law,  ought  to  be  made  to  keep  the  lock-step  of  fellow  convict*.     My  preju- 
and  sympathies  are  with  the  workers.     Capita  irer  helped  me 

irn  a  dollar  unless  they  deemed  it  to  their  interest  to  do  so.  I  never  was 
employed  because  1  had  a  brother-in-law  or  an  uncle  in  the  board  of  trustees. 
No  capitalist  ever  walked  miles  from  his  palace  to  attend  a  meeting  where  1 
spoke,  as  many  a  man  and  many  a  miner  has  walked  from  his  cabin  in  the 
olderr  golden  d. 

"Orderly,  law-abiding  trades  unionism,  just  such  trades-unionism  as  you 
practice,  gentlemen,  is  legitimate  and  honorable.  The  brotherhood  of  Locomo- 
tive Engr  M>i  vative  a  body  as  any  chamber  of  commerce  or  board 
ef  trade,  and  in  r  s  management  it  is  a  good  deal  mon  itire 
than  are  the  directors  of  some  banks  of  which  I  have  heard.  Capital  and  labor 
belong  together.  Their  interests  are  identical.  There  is,  in  this  land  of  ours, 
no  necessary  conllict  between  them,  and  no  conflict  that  is  not  forced  and  un- 
natural. The  man  with  the  hammer  should  not  be  at  outs  with  the  man  that 
hires  the  man  with  the  hammer. 

**lf  you  will  analyze  the  utterances  of  some  of  the  demagogic,  blatant, 
eherubim  and  seraphim  who  'continually  do  cry'  about  the  'conflict  between 
the  man  and  the  dollar,'  you  will  find  that  it  many  instan^  a  conflict 

between  the  man  who  is  without  a  dollar  because  he  is  too  lazy,  or  too  ignorant, 
er  too  dishonest  to  earn  a  dollar,  and  the  industrious  man  who  has  saved  his 
dollar,  in  which  contest  the  dollarless  man  is  endeavoring  to  get  the  other  man's 
dollar  away  from  him  without  giving  him  anything  in  return  for  it.  It  is  the 
•ontest  between  the  man  who  has  a  job  and  desires  to  keep  it,  and  the  man  who 
is  without  a  job  and  is  afraid  that  he  will  find  one.  It  is  a  contest  between 
the  bread  winner  and  the  tramp;  between  the  man  who  can  write  his  name,  and 
the  man  who  signs  his  name  with  a  cross;  between  the  <i  in  the  savings 

banks  and  the  depositors  in  the  faro  banks;   between  the  workers  and  brawlers. 

\Ve  live  in  an  age  of  light,  we  live  in  an  advancing  generation.'  and  retro 
gressive,  whining,  wealth-hating,  labor-shirking  doctrines  are  out  of  joint  with 
the  times.  Everywhere  invention,  discovery  and  science  are  pushing  their  mighty 
inarch  up  the  mountains  .along  the  valleys,  and  into  tli  of  the  earth. 

They  are  riding  in  ips  over  the  foam-.-  preparing 

to  climb  to  the  stars.     Shall  the  ('nited  States  alone  among  the  nations  seek  to 
Shall    it    -uecomb    to    the    deman>;  howlers, 

cry  out  against  th»  us  of  capital  and  the  tyrannv  of  wealth  owners-? 

THE    POUR    MAX'S    LUXURI1 

'•Where  is  the  tyranny  of  the  wealth   owners  to  be  found?     In   what  form 
it  manifest  itself?     In  Europe  a   laborer  takes  off  his   hat  when  he  meets 
a  lord.     In  America  a  man  keeps  his  hat  on  when  he  meets  a  millionaire,  unless 
the  raillionair  .      In    Europe   the   teamater   turns   out   far  the 

carriage  with  a  coronet  on  its  panels.  In  America  the  carriage  of  the  capitalist 
will  lose  a  wheel  if  its  owner  doe^  not.  turn  out  for  a  coal  cart,  provided  the 
owner  of  the  coal  cart  has  the  right  of  way.  What  at  last  do  rich  men  obtaim 
from  life  more  than  poor  men?  Toil  brings  hunger,  and  hunger  is  a  better 
sauce  than  any  compounded  by  a  French  "I  gives  his  beloved  as  sweet 

sleep  upon  a  cot  as  upon  the  downiest  couch.  Public  libraries  and  galleries 
give  their  treasures  of  learning  and  art  to  the  poorest.  Music  and  drama  caa 
be  enjoyed  as  well  from  the  galleries  as  from  the  boxes.  A  trolley  car  gives  a 
smoother  and  swifter  ride  than  a  carriage  drawn  by  horses.  There  are  no 
reserved  "seats  in  Nature's  amphitheater.  ^The  ripple  of  the  river,  the  verduce 
of  the  lawns,  the  shade  of  the  trees  and  the  perfumes  of  the  flowers  belong 
alike  to  the  rich  and  poor. 

"If  some  of  the  workers  of  California  instead  of  reaching  for  the  moon  and 
following  demagogues  and  dreamers,  who  promise  it  to  them,  would  use  their 
voting  power  to  procure  the  enactment  of  just  laws  that  would  really  benefit 
them,  they  would  better  illustrate  their  common  sense  than  they  sometimes  do. 


You  cannot  go  into  a  barber  shop  or  a  saloon  without  finding  half  a  dozen  ncw»- 
'  papers  filled  with  various  articles  about  the  rights  of  labor  and  lurid  diatribes 
against  those  who  invade  such  rights.  You  cannot  go  through  a  political 
campaign  without  listening  to  a  dozen  spellbinders  howling  about  the  rights 
and  wrongs  of  labor  from  Siskiyou  to  San  Diego,  and  all  the  time  the  simplest 
and  most  obvious  and  most  needed  measure  that  might  be  enacted  for  the  benefit 
of  labor  is  never  mentioned. 

"Unlawful  violence  never  accomplished  any  good  for  a  cause.  In  former 
ages  force  and  not  reason  ruled  the  world;  now  reason  sits  upon  the  throne,  and 
under  her  benign  sway,  prosperity  and  peace  and  happiness  abide.  There  i» 
mothing  more  grand  than  a  government  which  accords  to  its  citizens  perfect 
freedom,  and  requires  of  them  implicit  obedience  to  law. 

"If  you  don't  like  the  law,  then  use  your  votes  to  change  it,  but  while  it 
is  law  drop  the  club  and  knife  and  the  gun  and  the  dynamite  bomb,  and  obey 
the  law.  If  there  is  a  worker  who  has  what  you  consider  to  be  bad  taste  and 
the  bad  judgment,  and  the  selfishness  not  to  belong  to  a  labor  union,  you  ar« 
»ot  obliged  to  respect  him  or  associate  with  him  or  to  greet  him  with  friendli- 
ness when  you  meet,  but  you  are  obliged  not  to  assault  or  molest  him.  He  may 
be,  in  your"  opinion,  a  scab,  but  he  has  a  legal  right  to  be  a  scab  if  he  chooses. 
He  has  a  legal  right  to  work  for  whomsoever  he  pleases,  at  whatever  rate  of 
wages  he  pleases  and  for  whatever  number  of  hours  in  each  day  he  plea  sea. 
Reason  with  him,  plead  with  him,  persuade  him  to  stand  by  his  fellow-workmen 
if  you  can.  That  is  your  right,  but  keep  your  hands  off  him,  for  it  is  not  your 
right  to  assault  him.  You  may  be  sure  that  if  you  attempt  violence  there  will 
&tep  to  the  front  a  deputy  United  States  marshal  who  will  say  to  you  with  th« 
voice  of  seventy  millions  of  people  and  with  the  bayonets  of  an  army  behind 
kim:  "Let  that  man  pass  to  his  labors.'"  (That  is  true.  If  San  Francisce 
is  to  be  plunged  into  industrial  anarchy  to  attain  this  end,  let  it  come  :  the 
resulting  peace  will  be  worth  the  tight  to  the  apprentice  boys  of  this  city.  If 
one  boy  or  ten  million  want  to  learn  trades  in  America,  especially  San  Fran- 
cisco, we  intend  to  fight  legally  for  their  right,  until  every  Union  is  dead  or 
their  by-laws  amended.  —  H.  V.  JR.) 


ELECTRIC. 

In  one  of  the  largest  department  stores  of  this  city  one  of  the  managers 
was  assisting  an  electrician,  that  is,  he  was  simply  handing  him  his  wires,  etc., 
as  he  needed  them.  The  delegate  happening  in,  instantly  saw  what  was  going  on, 
and  stopped  the  electrician  from  working,  saying  that  such  work  called  for 
another  man  and  that  the  manager  must  send  to  the  union  for  another  eW-tri- 
eian.  He  was  compelled  to  accede,  and  work  in  a  busy  dep-irtinent  store  wa* 

1'iided  over  three  hours  till  another  man  could 

«m. 

BADLY  BEATEN  BY  FOUR  THUGS. 

HtcArsK    ME   Wori.D   XOT   STRIKE,   FULLER   Is   BRUTALLY   ASSAULTED   BY    IKION 

PICKETS. 

J.  W.   Fuller,  a   driver  in  the  employ  of  the  Belmont  Stables  at  1620   Pine 

•».  was  brutally  beaten  by  four  men  at  the  corner  of  Lombard  Street  and 
Van  Ness  Avenue  ye-trr.iay  afternoon.  Fuller  was  taken  to  the  Central  Emer- 
gency Hospital  to  be  treated  for  numerous  lacerations  and  contusions  of  the 
face  and  scalp,  a  dislocated  linger  and  a  possible  fracture  of  the  skull. 

Later  in  the  day  Joseph  ("Kid")  Egan  was  arrested  on  suspicion  of  being 
one  of  the  brutal  assailants,  and  when  brought,  to  the  hospital  was  poMtivelf 
identified  by  Fuller  a,s  one  of  the  four  men  who  attacked  and  heat  him. 

The  assault,   v,  -ult   of  the  stablemen's  trouble  with  their  emn 

Puller,  who  is  50  years  of  age,  refused..  to  walk  out  when  the  strike  was  ordered 
and  has  since  been  under  the  ban  of  the  union. 

Yesterday  morning  he  started  for  North  Beach  with  a  load  of  manure  and 
at  the  place  mentioned  was  set.  upon  by  four  men.  One  dragged  him  from  the 
wagon  seat  and  then  all  four  beat  and  kicked  him.  When  he  broke  aAvay  from 
th/sm  he  was  pursued  and  struck  over  the  head  with  a  pitchfork  and  might  have 
been  killed  had  it  not  been  for  the  interference  of,  a  citizen  who  begged  the 
thugs  not  to  kill  the  man. 

On  information  given  to  the  police  Egan  was  arrested  later  and  his  identi- 
fication by  Fuller  followed. 

Egan'  who  has  been  acting  as  a  union  picket,  was  arrested  last  week  for  nn 
assault  upon  a  man  about  to  enter  a  stable  and  charged  in  Judge  CabanisVi 

90 


court  with  assault  with  a  deadly  weapon  and  threats  against  life.  Both  of 
these  charges  were  dismissed.  At  that  time  it  was  alleged  that  he  had  a  piece 
of  lead  pipe  two  feet  in  length,  but  it  was  thrown  away  before  the  arrival  of  the 
police.  He  was  drunk  when  taken  into  custody. 

Egan  was  arraigned  in  Judge  Mogan's  court  this  morning  on  charges  of 
drunkenness  and  assault  with  a  deadly  weapon.  Fuller,  the  victim  of  the  brutal 
assault,  was  unable  to  appear  in  court,  and  the  case  was  therefore  continued 
until  next  Friday.  In  the  meanwhile  Egan  is  in  jail. 

The  twelve  cartoons,  starting  opposite  page  5  of  this  book  do  not  present  a 
fictitious  problem,  although  it  goes  to  the  extreme  limit  of  picturing  the  con- 
sequences. 

Many  and  many  a  boy  unable  to  get  into  a  shop  on  account  of  restrictions 
imposed  by  the  trade  unions  has  given  up  in  despair,  or  gone  on  the  "road" 
and:  become  a  tramp.  If  he  were  lucky  enough  to  be  arrested  and  sent  to  some 
reform  school  where  they  are  compelled  to  learn  a  trade,  there  is  still  a  chance 
for  him  to  make  a  good  citizen.  If,  on  the  other  hand,  they  "hobo"  around 
during  the  most  impressionable  period  of  their  life  they  are  in  grave  danger  of 
becoming  candidates  for  the  State's  prison.  This  state  of  affairs  we  charge 
directly  to  the  vicious  apprentice  rules  of  the  unions.  It  is  a  strange  state- 
ment to  make,  but  a  terribly  true  one,  that  the  only  way  many  boys  can  learn 
a  trade  is  in  a  penal  institution.  This  state  of  affairs,  now  that  it  is  becoming 
generally  known,  will  be  speedily  abolished  and  the  only  principle  that  free-born 
men  should  allow  in  its  place,  installed,  that  of  a  fair  field  to  all  and  no  favors. 


At  this  present  moment  an  electrician  of  this  city  is  suing  the  union  for 
damages  on  account  of  being  absolutely  unable  to  earn  a  living  owing  to  the 
double-barreled  cinch  exercised  by  the  «rganization  on  that  line  of  business  in 
this  city.  He  is  a  non-union  man  and  has  even  been  followed  into  other  towns, 
and  there  the  same  malignant  persecution  has  had  the  same  dire  effect.  Em- 
ployers are  afraid  to  hire  him;  if  they  did  the  consequences  were  hard  to  forsee. 

Being  unable  to  make  a  living  at  any  other  trade,  with  his  sole  means  of 
existence  literally  denied  him  by  an  organized  body,  he  is  suing  them  for 
restitution.  (See  cartoon  page  70. ) 

Of  course  we  all  know  that  no  mattetr  how  competent  this  man  might  be, 
he  could  not  work  for  the  municipality  of  San  Francisco,  b<  m  extra- 

ordinary and  nonsensical  law  passed  at  the  instigation  of  the  electrical  ^workers, 
no  man,  not  even  Edison  himself,  could  work  here  unless  he  were  a  union 

We  will  add  one  excerpt  .from  a  Colorado  exchange,   published  in  a 
which   has   passed   through    a 'baptism   of   blood    in    fighting  this    un-American 
unionism. 

Perhaps  we  had  better  state  that  there  is  a  strike  on  at  the  machine  shops 
mentioned. 

"Strange  thing  happened  down  at  Trinidad  the  other  monring — '< 
believe.    Very  strange  thing,  indeed.    There  was  a .  tir  11  l>roke 

out  at  6:30  o'clock  in  the  morning  in  the  machine  shops  of  the  Victor  Fuel 
Company.  It  was  a  rather  awkward  hour  and  tire  department  worked 

like  a  band  of  Trojans  to  save  the  building.  After  the  flames  had  been  quenched 
some  one  going  through  the  building  found  er-  '«  of  emergency  hose  in 

the  building  full  of  hard-tied  knots!  Some  freak  of  the  flames— probably.— Den- 
ver paper.  <*^. 

BRINGING  IX   THE   Sih 
(See  Oartoon  on  Page 

This  cartoon  we  believe  to  be  one  of  the  most  powerful  ever  drawn.  Like 
all  great  cartoons,  it  is  startlingly  plain  in  its  portrayal  of  its  subject, 
only  one  of  late  years  which  seems  to  us  to  approach  it  in  realism,  is  the  one 
which  appeared  in  Harper's  Weekly,  drawn  by  Rogers,  and  directed  against  the 
grafting  propensities  of  Tammany.  That  cartoon,  entitled  "How  Far  Up  Does 
It  Go?"  unquestionably  was  a  powerful  factor  in  overthrowing  Tammany, 
preached  a  more  powerful  sermon,  and  indicated  the  source  of  the  corruption 
more  directly,  than  a  thousand  pages  of  printed  matter  could  do.  Our  cartoon, 
though  it  does  not  appear  in  a  weekly  of  world- wide  reputation,  ie  equally 
direct,  and  the  idea  around  which  it  is  built,  could  never  have  been  evolved 
except  by  a  man  who  has  had  almost  unlimited  experience  with  the  cause  of  its 
existence — the  Walking  Delegate. 

91 


Honest  people  who  can  look  the  world  in  the  eye  and  not  quail,  may  recoil 
from  its  sinister  implication.  The  shadow  thrown  by  the  rising  sun  of  inves- 
tigation resolves  itself  into  a  convict  walking  in  lock-step  to  the  prison. 

The  delegate  on  his  way  to  the  gambling  house  is  to  be  seen  carrying  the 
sheaves  of  dishonest  money  wrung  by  "ways  that  are  dark  and  tricks  that  are 
Tain"  from  the  honest  toiler.  "Brete  Harte's  "Heathen  Chinee"  was  a  con- 
temptible false  alarm  in  the  ways  of  graft  alongside  of  these  specimens  of  latter 
days.  The  fields  of  labor  are  bare,  stripped  almost  to  the  last  sheaf  by  these 
thieves.  The  rising  sun  of  investigation  throws  the  x-ray  of  truth  on  the 
picture  and  shows  the  Walking  Delegate  in  his  true  light  as  a  perjurer,  gambler, 
and  moral  leper. 

At  the  present  moment  over  a  large  portion  of  this  country  he  is  still  en- 
gaged in  bringing  in  the  sheaves  ;  the  sheaves  of  a  crop  he  did  not  sow  and  yet 
harvests,  the  sheaves  of  blackmail  levied  on  men  whose  continued  peaceful  pur- 
suit of  life  depends  on  his  absence,  the  sheaves  of  graft  in  its  lowest  form,  the 
es  of  wages  that  belong  to  the  toiler's  wife  and  children,  the  sheaves  reaped 
by  midnight  assault  and  assassinations  under  cover  in  the  name  of  labor,  the 
•heaves  rung  from  giant  corporations  who,  rather  than  see  their  business  in 
turmoil,  have  not  had  the  moral  courage  to  resist  this  moral  parasite  on  the 
•ommercial  body,  the  sheaves  wrung  by  an  industrial  prostitute  who  coquettes 
with  both  capital  and  labor  and  steals  from  both,  the  sheaves  extorted  by  a 
moral  counterfeit  without  convictions  or  ideas,  who  is  first,  last  and  all  the 
time  for  sale  to  the  highest  bidder,  the  sheaves  of  boodle  taken  promiscuously 
from  everyone  by  a  human  rattlesnake  Avho  cares  for  nothing  or  nobody  so  long 
as  he  thrives;  in  short,  the  sheaves  of  silver  extorted  by  the  kisses  of  betrayal 
of  this  modern  Judas,  who  has  for  long  years  past  crucified  labor,  but  who, 
lacking  the  courage  of  Iscariot  after  the  dread  deed  in  Gethsemane,  will  not  go 
and  hang  himself  for  the  everlasting  benefit  of  the  American  people. 


Another  case  of  flagrant  discrimination  is  to  be  seen  in  the  bricklayers, 
where  a  resolution  was  passed  to  the  effect  that  any  apprentice  desiring  to 
learn  the  trade  must  be  a  bricklayer's  son.  Think  of  that,  ye  free-born  Ameri- 
can citizens!  Not  much  chance  for  your  son  to  learn  the  bricklayer's  trade. 

standard  Oil  combination  ever  planned  a  more  ruthless  monopoly  than 
that;  no  Pierpont  Morgan  in  his  most  conscienceless  moments  ever  attempted  to 
grab  as  much  as  these  enterprising  bricklayers. 

They  simply  propose  to  arrogate  entirely  and  absolutely  to  themselves  and 
their  descendants  an  entire  and  important  branch  of  industrial  activity. 

**&. 

We  print  from  the  Wasp  of  April  30th  an  extract  showing  one  instance, 
at  least,  in  which  two  ruffians  got  their  deserts  in  the  shape  of  a  good,  stiff 
fine.  All  honor  to  Judge  Cabaniss,  who  had  the  firmness  to  enforce  the  law 
where  it  is  sadly  needed. 

GOT  WHAT  THEY  DESERVED. 

Judge   Cabaniss    recently    taught   two   brawling   union   "pickets"    an   object 
•n,  which,  it  is  hoped,  will  be  followed  by  the  other  Judges  when  an  oppor- 
tunity  presents,  and  with   more   severity.     These  brawlers,   W.    W.   Smith   a 
Alfred  Taylor,  who  were  picketed  in  front  of  a  cloak  dealer's  store  on  Market 
Street,  near  Six+h,  varied  the  monotony  of  insulting  the  customers  by  applying 
some  of  their  remarks  to  two  of  the  young  women  employes.     This   led  to  t 
arrest  of  the  offenders.     One  of  them  was  fined  $100  and  the  other  $ 
having  the   money,   they   were   taken   to   jail.      In    imposing  the   sentence   Judge 
Cabaniss   informed   the'  rowdies   that  they  had   gone  too   far—  that   people   wh 
were  not  members  of  unions  have  as  much  right  to  seek  employment  as  have 
members   of  unions,   and  the  law  will   protect  them   in  this   right.     The  Judge 
further  stated  that  the  next  offenders  brought  before  him  would  receive  the  : 
penalty  of  fine  and   imprisonment. 


We  cannot  resist  adding  an  interview  with  F.  W.  Fuller  in  the  Post  of  the 

1   WeVope  the  reader  as  he  peruses  this  extract  will  remember  that  this  poor 
unfortunate  is  a  man  with  a  family  dependent  on  him  and  that,  because  1 
what  any  man  with  a  spark  of  manhood  in  him  would  do—  attempted  to  provide 
for  them  —  he  suffered  as  depicted  below. 

92 


RUFFIAN    EGAN   STILL   IN   JAIL. 
THE    VICTIM    SPEAKS    OF    His    COWABDLY    ASSAILANT. 

J.  W.  Fuller,  the  stableman  w,ho  was  so  badly  beaten  up  by  the  four  thugs 
yesterday  under  the  leadership  of  Joe  Egan,  has 'been  removed  to  his  home  at 
No.  328  Third  Street,  and  is  now  under  medical 

His  left  hand  is  swollen  to  twice  its  natural  size,  and  the  dislocated  finger 
13  in  a  bad  condition. 

The  skin  is  broken  and  the  flesh  is  torn  at  the  base  of  the  finger  and  the 
whole  hand  is  so  stiff  and  sore  from  the  attempt  to  break  his  hand  that  to  move 
it  causes  acute  pain. 

Both  Mr.  Fuller's  eyes  are  blackened,  the  right  one  being  much  swollen, 
while  a  four-inch  cut  on  the  forehead  and  numerous  cuts  and  lumps  on  the  back 
of  his  head  prove  the  brutality  of  his  punishment. 

FULLER  SPEAKS. 
•;iking  of  the  assault  this  morning  Fuller  said:* 

"I  went  to  work  for  Mr.  Kelly  two  weeks  ago  and  must  say  the  linn    has 

% 

"The  day  after  I  commenced  work  one  of  the  union  men,  whose  name  I  do 
not  know,  came  around  and  told  me  I  had  better  quit,  that  the  man  who  drove 
that  wagon  before  me  was  now  in  the  hospital,  and  I  had, better  be  careful. 

"Well,  I  paid  no  particular  attention  to  him,  and  he  kept  telling  me  every 
iay  or  so  to  knock  off,  but  I  have  a  wife  to  support,  and  if  I  don't  work  we  will 
starve.  Anyway,  I  am  a  law-abiding  citizen,  and  don't  believe  in  unions  or 
boycotts,  and  I  worked  anyway. 

"Well,  yesterday  I  was  driving  along  when  without  a  word  of  warning  an 
»rin  was  thrown  around  my  neck  and  I  was  pulled  backward  off  the  wagon. 

"They  kicked  me  and  cursed  me,  and  then  the  leader,  the  one  they  say  is 
Egan,  ran  back  to  the  wagon  and  grabbed  a  pitchfork  and  hit  me  with  that. 

"Then  one  of  them  held  my  hand  and  tried  to  bend  three  fingers  back,  and 
not  being  strong  enough  he  took  the  one  and  bent  it  until  it  laid  back  along  the 
back  of  my  hana,  and  he  said  he  guessed  I  wouldn't  do  any  more  driving  for  a 

PUT  IN  AMBULANCE. 

"Then  some  one  came  up  and  they  got  me  into  an  ambulance  and  to  the 
hospital,  but  I  wanted  to  come  home. 

"Now,  I  don't  know  how  long  it  will  be  before  I  can  go  to  work,  but  one 
bhing" —  and  Mr.  Fuller  partially  raised  on  his  well  arm — "   I'll  never,  t>- 
join  a  union  if  I  never  work. 

"A  year  ago,  when  I  first  came  to  the  oity,  they  said  their  unions  were  full 
and  I  couldn't  join.  Now  they  want  me  to,  but  I  am  in  favor  of  law  and  order 
and  I  don't  think  unions  are  for  anything  but  oppression  and  disturbance  and 
I'll  fight  them  all  I  can. 

-.  [  know  the  man  who  was  the  leader.  I  saw  him  plainly;  you  know 
they  brought  him  here  to  be  identified  last  night,"  and  Mr.  Fuller"  lafd  further 
back  in  his  pillows  and  shook  his  head  wearily. 

COWABDLY  ATTACK. 

"You  know,"  Mrs.  Fuller  broke  in,  "  it  would  not  have  been  so  cowardly  if 
one  man  had  attacked  him,  but  to  have  four,  and  for  them  to  come  on  him  fror* 
behind  without  a  word  of  warning!  Why,  a  highwayman  will  meet  you  face 
to  face,  but  to  think  that  in  America,  the  land  of  the  supposedly  free  man.  a 
Mian  cannot  work  for  his  daily  bread,"  and  she  looked  sorrowfully  down  at  her 
husband,  who  smiled  back  at  her  in  a  reassuring  way. 

Citizens'  Alliance  stated  that  thp.  Chief  of  Police  had  done  his  duty  and  had 
arrested  men  we  did  not  think  he  would,  but  there  is  something  wrong  somewlvrr. 

POLICE  JUDGES. 

"The  police  judges  are  very  willing  to  let  a  case  go  over,  and  they  do  not 
seem  to  work  to  any  advantage  in  keeping  thugs  down,  else  why  would  these  men 
who  are  arrested  and  re-arrested  for  the  same  thing  be  allowed  their  liberty  to 
jo  on  with  their  underhand  work. 

"If  Egan  does  get  bail  this  time  it  will  be  a  big  sum,  and  if  evidence,  direct, 
^incontrovertible  evidence,  will  not  convict  him — well — we  had  better  quit. 

"And  yet  these  unions  that  pretend  to  discountenance  acts  of  any  violance 
whatever,  bail  him  out  and  supply  him  with  money  to  live. 

"And  this  Fuller  case  is  one  of  many.  We  have  plenty  of  cases  where  a 
Man  trying  to  earn  an  honest  living  is  in  some  way  abused  by  union  men.  We 

93  Continued  on  page  96 


Here  is  a  typical  specimen  of  San  Francisco's  Walking  Delegate 


SAN  .FRANCISCO    CALL,     SATURDAY,    MAY    U,    1904, 

MOTHER  AND  CHILDREN 
LEFT  TO  WORLD'S  MERCY 


George  W;  Loring,  Business  Agent  Retail  Drivers'! 
Union,  Deserts  His  Wife  and  Babies — She  Tells 
Most  Pitiful  Story  of  Her  Distressing  Plight 


An  alleged  case  of  desertion  and 
extreme  cruelty  is  told  by.  Mrs.  George 
W.  Loring,  wife  of  George  W.  Loring, 
business  agent'  of  the  Retail  Drivers 
Union,  Local -No.  278. 

With  two  young  children,  Ruth, 
barely  three  years  of  age,  and  Beula, 
six  months  old,  Mrs,  Loring  wept  in 
her  vacant  rooms  'at  103  Leaven- 
worth  street  yesterday  and  told 
how  she  had  to-  depend  for  food  on 
her  neighbors,  while  there  was  left  b\it 
one  bed  in  the  house;  floors  earpetless, 
no  stove,  excepting  a  small  oil  stove 
brought  to  her  by  a  kindly  neighbor, 
on  whichk  to  cook  whatever -might  be 
sent  in  for  her  and  her  little  mites. 

Mrs.  Loring,  a  refined  and  gentle 
.woman,"  had  this  to  say  •  abojit  her 
woefuHplight: 

My  husband.  George  W.v Loring.  is- business 
agent  of  the  Retail  Drivers'  Union  Local  No. 
278,  .and  his  cruelty  toward  me  reached  a  cli- 
max when  on  Tuesday  he  brutally  struck  me 
and  tore  my  dress. 

Last  Monday  the  furniture  was  taken  to  sat- 
isfy a  mortgage  of  $175.  We  were  left  with 
the  one  bed  and  not  even  having  the  necessary 
conveniences  with  which  to  attend  my  little 
one. 

Tuesday  my  husband  came  In  with  a  man 
named  John  Bosky.  He  askld  for  dinner.  We 
had  only  the  ,HtUe  stove  and!  I  was  not  pre- 
pared to  cook  a -3Q inner.  He  struck  me.  and 
little  Ruth.  seeing-  her  fathers  treatment 
screamed  until-. I  fe^-ed  the  child  would  have  a 
fit. 

Bosky,  ^who  belongs  to"th*  «ame  union  as  my 
husband,  did  not  Interfere  in  my  behalf. 

At  this  part  of  the  sad  recital   the 
child   chimed   in   and  said  with   tears, 
•welling  up  in  her  expressive  "eyes: 
"Yes,  papa  beat-  mamma." 
"Mrs.  Loring  continued: 
He  then  left  the  house  and  on  Wednesday  I 

' 


had  him  arrested  and  charged  with  battery. 
The  hearing:  came  up  before  Judge  Fritz,  but 
this  brutal  man  was  able  to  get  off  with  a  rep- 
rimand on  his  promise  to  look  after  his  family. 

Why  should  this  be?  Why  should  a  man  be 
given  protection  which  his  victim  seeks  but  Is 
denied?  Is  it.  politic?,  or  what  is  it  that  a 
man  can  beat  his  wife  and  be  allowed  to  go 
scott  free? 

I  am  smarting 'under  the  assault,  I  am  be- 
side myself  in  this  all  but  empty  house  with 
my  poor  children.  What  aid  am  I  given  by 
the  law?  None,  while  he  is  able  to  p*t  his 
liberty  to  assault  again  &\  hie  own  free  will.  . 

I  have  been  told  to  go,  to  the  California  So- 
ciety for  £he  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to  Chil- 
dren," but  J  would  die  'sooner  than  part  with 
ray  children,  and  that,  I  understand,-  they 
would  propose. 

A  Sheriff  came  on  Thursday  evening,  but  on 
seeing:  the  .children  and  my  position  he  had 
not  ,the  heart  to  turn  us-  out  on  the  street. 
My  husband  as  business  Agent  of  the.  .union 
is  In  receipt  of  $100  .a  month,  and  think  of  his 
leaving  even  the  children  without  sustenance 
and  apparently  caring  little  what  becomes  of 
us. 

Mr.  McJElroy.  agent  of  ex-Mayor  Phelan's 
estate,  of  which  our  home  is  a  part,  has,  been 
exceedingly  kind .  and  good.  His  forbearance 
In  uot  pressing,  us  to  the  extreme  was  a  gen- 
erous act. 

Robert  McElroy,  agent  for  ex-May- 
or Phelan,  said  it,  seemed  to  him  £o 
be  a  deplorable  case  for  a  woman  to 
be  left  as 'had  Mrs.  Loring. 

Loring,  he  said,  had  not  paid  pent 
since  last  March.  He  expressed  his 
deep  sorrow  for  the  plight  in  which  he 
found  her.  He.  speaks  in  high  terms; 
of  Mrs.  Loring,  who  told  him  .of  the; 
treatment  she  is  subjected  to  at  the: 
hands  of  her  husband. 

The  unfortunate  woman  hopes  to  be- 
advised  to-day  as  to  the  best  thing- 
she  can  d.o  under  the  circumstances. 
She  is  almost  beside  herself  in  fear 
hat  she  may  be  put  out  on  the  streets 
with  her  children. 


94 


are  doing  all  in  our  power  to  help  such  men  out,  and  our  organization  is  daily 
growing  stronger,  and  we  are  going  to  win  out  in  this  case,  as  well  as  any  others 
we  take  up."  g.  F.  Post. 


Enough,  said.  That  bold  statement  of  Mr.  Fuller's  will  **  yet  bear  fruit. 
There  is  justice  left  in  the  world  although  sometimes  it  seems  slow,  but  let  us 

"The  mills  of  the  gods  grind  slowly, 
Yet  they  grind  exceeding  small." 

The  mills  in  these  cases  are  just  starting  to  grind. 

<*^. 

These  terrible  actions  cannot  be  laid  to  the  men  as  a  body.  They  are  the 
result  of  the  ever-present  professional  working  man  who,  arrayed  in  .fine  raiment 
and  gifted  with  a  specious  flow  of  language  and  an  assumption  of  superiority, 
impresses  upon  the  real  worker  the  idea  that  this  course  of  action  must  be  pursued. 

The  great  body  of  men  everywhere  are  right  meaning  and  right  acting,  an«L 
need  but  an  honest  leader  to  insure  this  community  against  such  nonsense  as 
this. 

The  blustering  threats  that  lately  formed   such   an   important  part  of  the 

k  in  trade  of  the  agitator  are  just  now  conspicuous  by  their  absence.  Evem 
they  are  getting  just  a  little  restless  under  the  somewhat  ominous  conditions 
that  prevail.  There  is  a  feeling  of  expectancy  in  the  situation.  The  hostile 
forces  are  lined  up  and  a  preliminary  skirmish  which  would  have  ended  in  a 
complete  rout  for  the  unionists  had  it  developed  into  a  battle,  has  already 
occurred.  No  declaration  of  war  has  been  made,  but  the  scrupulous  punctilio 
that  obtains  between  two  duelists-  on  the  field  is  maintained  and  each  side  is 
absolutely  determined  not  to  recede. 

Labor  conditions  are  improving  all  the  time;  the  universal  system  of  edu- 
cation that  prevails  is  doing  more  to  improve  them  than  all  the  unions  that 
ever  existed.  Wages  everywhere  are  rising.  In  not  a  country  on  the  globe 
have  they  a  downward  tendency.  In  the  face  of  these  self-evident  propositions  in 
regard  to  the  condition  of  workers  as  a  body,  a  small  fraction  of  that  body, 
known  as  "union  men,"  form  a  species  of  close  corporation  and  demands  that 
the  benefits  arising  from  the  advance  of  civilization  accrue  to  them  alone.  Such 
»  condition  cannot  obtain. 

It  is  selfish,  unnatural  and  cowardly.  A  large  proportion  of  these  unionists 
profess'  socialism,  profess  to  believe  in  the  absolute  equality  of  all  men,  and 
revile  their  more  fortunate  fellow-citizens  who  have  a  few  dollars  in  the  severest 
terms. 

They  say  nothing  of  their  own  action,  however,  in  forming  a  clique  that  for- 
bids the  honest  outsider  who  does  not  belong  to  them  to  exist, 

A  parallel  to  their  case  is  to  be  found  in  the  action  of  the  English  judge, 
who,  when  a  tramp  was  brought  before  him  on  the  charge  of  begging,  pleaded 
in  extenuation  of  his  offense  that  he  had  to  live;  to  which  the  judge  sententiously 
replied  that  he  did  not  see  the  necessity  of  it.  We  contend  that  the  action  of  these 
laborit.es  is  precisely  similar.  They,  like  the  judge  referred  to,  have  corralled 
the  means  of  a  comfortable  existence  for  themselves  and  do  not  recognize  that 
others  must  live.  They  practically  tell,  by  their  arbitrary  actions,  a  vast  body 
of  laboring  men  outside  their  organizations  "to  go  off  and  die."  But  these 
men  do  not  propose  to  go  off  and  die,  and  as  a  result  of  their  determination 
this  vicious  unionism  is  trembling  under  the  onslaught  that  is  being  made  OH 
it  all  over  the  country.  In  conclusion  we  would  say  that  from  our  point  of  view 
we  have  thoroughly  proven  our  case.  There  is  no  room  for  a  Scotch  verdict. 
Fi<nires  mav  be"  distorted  into  apparent  lying,  but  facts  cannot  be.  And  the 
facts,  a  measly  few  out  of  thousands  at  hand,  have  been  presented.  If  an  un- 
prejudiced mail  can  read  this  book  and  then  say  that  violence  and  intimidatio* 
are  not  practised  by  these  unions,  then  we  would  say  that  even  though  he  were 
laid  out  with  a  brass-knuckled  upper-cut  at  the  hands  of  a  picket  he  would 

Judge  Cabaniss  this  morning  sentenced  Robert  Hayes  to  pay  a  fine  of  $25  for  carrying 
concealed  weapons.  Members  of  the  Stablemens'  Union  who  were  present  promptly  paid 
the  fine.  Hayes  is  a  member  of  the  notorious  Joseph  (Kid)  Egan  gang.  Egan  is  a  wait- 
ins  trial  on  a  charge  of  assault  to  murder  on  the  person  of  J.  W.  Fuller.  May  20,  1004. 

The  writer  of  these  lines  would  take  great  pleasure  in  pulling  on  the  rope  that  should 
stretch  the  necks  of  these  moral  lepers. 

,  ,        JETerbert  V. 

OF  THE     "        \         The  usual  curtesies  extended  to  the  press. 

UNIVERSITY  T 

•    V  OF  / 


A  local  application  of  a  sacred  text.     Matt,  x*?,  41.     Depart  from  me  ye  cursed  in  < 
everlasting  fire,  prepared  lor  the  Devil  and  his  angel*. 


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